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1 adelante
adv.1 forward, ahead.(de ahora) en adelante from now onsacar adelante to rescue (proyecto, empresa)salimos adelante we put our problems behind us2 before, in front.intj.1 come in.2 go on, carry on, go ahead, move on.pres.subj.3rd person singular (él/ella/ello) Present Subjunctive of Spanish verb: adelantar.* * *► adverbio1 forward, further1 (pase) come in!2 (siga) go ahead!, carry on!\de aquí en adelante from here onen adelante henceforthseguir adelante to keep going, carry on* * *adv.* * *ADV1) [indicando dirección] forward•
hacia adelante — forward•
llevar adelante un proyecto — to carry out a project•
sacar adelante una empresa/un espectáculo — to get a company/a show off the groundla orquesta no podrá salir adelante sin subvenciones — the orchestra won't be able to survive without subsidies
•
seguir adelante — to go ondecidieron seguir adelante con sus proyectos — they decided to go ahead o carry on with their plans
paso II, 1., 3)antes de seguir adelante, ¿hay alguna pregunta? — before I go on, are there any questions?
2) [indicando posición]la fila dos es demasiado adelante — row two is too near the front o too far forward
3) [indicando tiempo]•
en adelante — from now on, in futureen adelante las reuniones serán cada dos años — from now on o in future the meetings will be every two years
de ahora en adelante, de aquí en adelante — from now on
•
más adelante — laterdecidimos dejar la reunión para más adelante — we decided to leave the meeting till a later date o till later
4) [indicando cantidad]•
en adelante — upwards5)¡adelante! — [autorizando a entrar] come in!; [animando a seguir] go on!, carry on!; (Mil) forward!
6)• adelante de — LAm in front of
* * *1) ( en el espacio)a) (expresando dirección, movimiento) forwardpara/hacia adelante — forward
b) (lugar, posición)se sentó adelante — ( en coche) she sat in front; (en clase, cine) she sat at the front
más adelante la calle se bifurca — further on, the road forks
tiene un bolsillo adelante — (esp AmL) it has a pocket at the front
2) ( en el tiempo)de hoy en adelante — as of o from today
3)adelante de — (loc prep) (AmL)
a) ( en lugar anterior a) in front ofadelante de mí/ti/él — in front of me/you/him
b) ( en presencia de) in front of4)adelante! — (como interj) ( autorizando la entrada) come in!; ( ordenando marchar) forward!; ( invitando a continuar) go on!, carry on!
* * *= ahead.Ex. He glanced casually at the ill-balanced frontages of the buildings ahead that stretched on and on until they melded in an indistinguishable mass of gray at Laurence Street.----* ¡adelante! = go for it!.* ayudar a Alguien a salir adelante = help + Nombre + get on + Posesivo + feet.* cuya fecha se anunciará más adelante = at a time to be announced later.* cuya fecha se determinará más adelante = at a time to be determined later.* dar un paso adelante = step up.* de ahora en adelante = from now on, from this point on.* de atrás para adelante = back and forth.* de hoy en adelante = as from today.* desde + Fecha/Lugar + en adelante = from + Fecha/Lugar + onward(s).* desde hoy en adelante = as from today.* desde mitad de + Expresión Temporal + en adelante = from the mid + Expresión Temporal + onwards.* en adelante = forward [forwards].* Fecha + en adelante = Fecha + onwards.* gran salto adelante = giant leap, great leap forward.* hacia adelante = onward(s), straight ahead, straight on.* hacia adelante y hacia atrás = to and fro.* hay que seguir adelante = the show must go on.* llevar adelante = go ahead with, carry on, carry out.* más adelante = later, further along, later on, in due time, at a later date.* mirar adelante = look + straight ahead.* paso adelante = step up.* paso hacia adelante = step forward.* resignarse y seguir adelante = bite + the bullet.* salir adelante = make + ends meet, keep + the wolves from the door, get + unstuck.* salir adelante a duras penas = eke out + a living, scratch (out) + a living, scrape + a living, eke out + an existence.* salir adelante en la vida, = get on in + life.* seguir adelante = go forward, forge + ahead, forge + forward, go ahead, go straight ahead, carry through, move along, move forward, press forward (with), move + forward, continue on + Posesivo + way, move on.* seguir adelante con = go ahead with, stick with.* ser un gran paso adelante = be half the battle.* y más adelante = and beyond.* * *1) ( en el espacio)a) (expresando dirección, movimiento) forwardpara/hacia adelante — forward
b) (lugar, posición)se sentó adelante — ( en coche) she sat in front; (en clase, cine) she sat at the front
más adelante la calle se bifurca — further on, the road forks
tiene un bolsillo adelante — (esp AmL) it has a pocket at the front
2) ( en el tiempo)de hoy en adelante — as of o from today
3)adelante de — (loc prep) (AmL)
a) ( en lugar anterior a) in front ofadelante de mí/ti/él — in front of me/you/him
b) ( en presencia de) in front of4)adelante! — (como interj) ( autorizando la entrada) come in!; ( ordenando marchar) forward!; ( invitando a continuar) go on!, carry on!
* * *= ahead.Ex: He glanced casually at the ill-balanced frontages of the buildings ahead that stretched on and on until they melded in an indistinguishable mass of gray at Laurence Street.
* ¡adelante! = go for it!.* ayudar a Alguien a salir adelante = help + Nombre + get on + Posesivo + feet.* cuya fecha se anunciará más adelante = at a time to be announced later.* cuya fecha se determinará más adelante = at a time to be determined later.* dar un paso adelante = step up.* de ahora en adelante = from now on, from this point on.* de atrás para adelante = back and forth.* de hoy en adelante = as from today.* desde + Fecha/Lugar + en adelante = from + Fecha/Lugar + onward(s).* desde hoy en adelante = as from today.* desde mitad de + Expresión Temporal + en adelante = from the mid + Expresión Temporal + onwards.* en adelante = forward [forwards].* Fecha + en adelante = Fecha + onwards.* gran salto adelante = giant leap, great leap forward.* hacia adelante = onward(s), straight ahead, straight on.* hacia adelante y hacia atrás = to and fro.* hay que seguir adelante = the show must go on.* llevar adelante = go ahead with, carry on, carry out.* más adelante = later, further along, later on, in due time, at a later date.* mirar adelante = look + straight ahead.* paso adelante = step up.* paso hacia adelante = step forward.* resignarse y seguir adelante = bite + the bullet.* salir adelante = make + ends meet, keep + the wolves from the door, get + unstuck.* salir adelante a duras penas = eke out + a living, scratch (out) + a living, scrape + a living, eke out + an existence.* salir adelante en la vida, = get on in + life.* seguir adelante = go forward, forge + ahead, forge + forward, go ahead, go straight ahead, carry through, move along, move forward, press forward (with), move + forward, continue on + Posesivo + way, move on.* seguir adelante con = go ahead with, stick with.* ser un gran paso adelante = be half the battle.* y más adelante = and beyond.* * *1 (expresando dirección, movimiento) forwardmuévelo para/hacia adelante move it forwardsigamos adelante let's go onllevar algo adelante to carry on with sthdesistí de llevar adelante mis averiguaciones I decided not to carry on with my inquiries o ( frml) not to pursue my inquiries further2(lugar, parte): más adelante la calle se bifurca further on, the road forks[ S ] ver explicación más adelante see explanation belowla fila dos es muy adelante the second row is too far forward o is too near the front¿cuál es la parte de adelante? which is the front?tiene un bolsillo adelante ( esp AmL); it has a pocket at the frontB(en el tiempo): más adelante latertrataremos ese tema más adelante we will deal with that subject later (on) o at a later dateen adelante from now on, in futurede ahora en adelante from now onde hoy en adelante as from todayC1 (en lugar anterior a) in front ofadelante de mí/ti/él or ( crit) adelante mío/tuyo/suyo in front of me/you/himcolocó su silla adelante de la mía she put her chair in front of mine2 (en presencia de) in front ofD¡adelante! ( como interj) (autorizando la entrada) come in!; (ordenando marchar) foward!; (invitando a continuar) go on!, carry on!* * *
Del verbo adelantar: ( conjugate adelantar)
adelanté es:
1ª persona singular (yo) pretérito indicativo
adelante es:
1ª persona singular (yo) presente subjuntivo3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente subjuntivo3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) imperativo
Multiple Entries:
adelantar
adelante
adelantar ( conjugate adelantar) verbo transitivo
1
b) ‹pieza/ficha› to move … forward
2 ( sobrepasar) to overtake, pass
3
4 ( conseguir) to gain;
verbo intransitivo
1
2 (Auto) to pass, overtake (BrE)
adelantarse verbo pronominal
1
2
[verano/frío] to arrive early
3 ( anticiparse):
adelantese a los acontecimientos to jump the gun;
yo iba a pagar, pero él se me adelantó I was going to pay, but he beat me to it
adelante adverbio
1 ( en el espacio)
◊ para/hacia adelante forward;
seguir adelante to go on;
¡adelante! ( como interj) ( autorizando la entrada) come in!;
( ordenando marchar) forward!b) (lugar, posición):
(en clase, cine) she sat at the front;◊ más adelante la calle se bifurca further on, the road forks;
la parte de adelante the front
2 ( en el tiempo):
(de ahora) en adelante from now on;
de hoy en adelante as of o from today
3
adelantar
I verbo transitivo
1 to move o bring forward
(un reloj) to put forward
figurado to advance: no adelantas nada ocultándoselo, you won't get anything by concealing it from him
2 (sobrepasar a un coche, a alguien) to overtake
3 (una fecha, una convocatoria) to bring forward
fig (hacer predicciones) adelantar acontecimientos, to get ahead of oneself
no adelantemos acontecimientos, let's not cross the bridge before we come to it
II verbo intransitivo
1 to advance
2 (progresar) to make progress: hemos adelantado mucho en una hora, we've made a lot of progress in one hour
3 (reloj) to be fast
adelante
I adverbio forward
más adelante, (más lejos) further on
(más tarde) later: no puedo creer que lleven adelante una ley tan injusta, I can't believe they are going ahead with such an unjust law
seguiremos adelante con la investigación, we'll carry on with the research
II exclamación ¡adelante!, come in!
' adelante' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
ahora
- hacia
- invertir
- llevar
- proporcionar
- reservarse
- sacar
- sino
- vencer
- abatible
- ahí
- aquí
- delante
- hablar
- inclinar
- ir
- luchar
- muy
- paso
- revés
- salir
- seguir
English:
ahead
- along
- battle
- bootstrap
- breakthrough
- carry
- carry on
- carry through
- come forward
- day
- despite
- fact
- forge
- forward
- further
- future
- go through with
- henceforth
- hereafter
- hereinafter
- lead on
- lean forward
- move on
- now
- onward
- onwards
- over
- press ahead
- prosecute
- pull through
- push ahead
- push on
- qualm
- step forward
- step inside
- straighten out
- tip
- weigh up
- win through
- backward
- beyond
- encourage
- fall
- forth
- front
- get
- go
- grim
- hence
- jerk
* * *♦ adv1. [movimiento] forward, ahead;echarse adelante to lean forward;dar un paso adelante to step forward;hacia adelante forwards;no se puede seguir adelante porque la carretera está cortada we can't go on because the road is closedde este año en adelante from this year on;en adelante, llame antes de entrar in future, knock before coming in;más adelante ampliaremos el negocio later on, we'll expand the business;mirar adelante to look aheadla parte de adelante the front;más adelante se encuentra el centro de cálculo further on is the computer centre;prefiero sentarme adelante [en coche] I'd rather sit in the front;[en teatro, cine] I'd rather sit towards the front;más adelante [en camino] further on;[en teatro, cine] further forward; [en texto] below, later;se encuentra camino adelante it's further along o down the road♦ adelante de loc prepAm in front of;Pablo se sienta adelante de mí Pablo sits in front of me♦ interj[¡siga!] go ahead!; [¡pase!] come in!* * *I adv1 en espacio forward;un paso adelante tb fig a step forward;llevar osacar adelante familia bring up;salir adelante figseguir adelante carry on, keep going;¡adelante! come in!2 en tiempo:más adelante later on;de ahora oaquí en adelante from now onII prp:adelante de L.Am. in front of* * *adelante adv1) : ahead, in front, forward2)más adelante : further on, later on3)¡adelante! : come in!* * *adelante1 adv forwardadelante2 interj1. (para entrar) come in!2. (para dar ánimo) carry on! -
2 αἴνιγμα
αἴνιγμα, ατος, τό (Pind., Aeschyl. et al.; LXX, Philo; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 114f; SibOr 3, 812)① lit. that which requires special acumen to understand because it is expressed in puzzling fashion, riddle PtK 4 p. 15, 31. This sense is preferred by some for 1 Cor 13:12: βλέπομεν διʼ ἐσόπτρου ἐν αἰνίγματι (ἔν αἰν. as Athen. 452a; REB: puzzling reflections; NRSV dimly [= indistinctly] but mg. in a riddle). Hugedé may offer the better explanation (see 2 below, at end).② indirect mode of communication. In the context of mirror imagery ἀ. signifies indirect image, and ἐν αἰνίγματι functions as an idiom meaning indirectly. βλέπομεν διʼ ἐσόπτρου ἐν αἰνίγματι then gives the sense we see by reflection as in a mirror with emphasis on anticipation of direct personal encounter (cp. Num 12:8 of direct as opp. to oblique communication; Plut., Mor. 382a αἴ. τοῦ θείου refers to inanimate or incorporeal things such as numerals as ‘mirrors’ or ‘models’ for understanding divine matters. Cp. Mor. 12d of Pythagorean maxims, which communicate αἰνίγμασιν=speak in circumlocutions, i.e. ‘ambiguously’ or with ‘double sense’; 370f contrasts Plato’s earlier presentations διʼ αἰνιγμῶν οὐδὲ συμβολικῶς w. his later use of κύρια ὀνόματα ‘plain terms’. On the mirror imagery cp. Mor. 672e.—αἴνιγμα=intimation: Sallust. c. 6 p. 12, 10).—NHugedé, La Métaphore du miroire dans 1 et 2 Cor ’57; other lit. s.v. ἀγάπη 1aα and ἔσοπτρον.—DELG s.v. αἶνος. TW. Sv. -
3 instrucción
f.1 instruction, learning, education, teaching.2 order, rule, instruction, command.3 instruction, computer command, command.* * *1 (enseñanza) instruction; (cultura) education2 MILITAR military training3 DERECHO (de un expediente) preliminary investigation■ ¿quién llevó a cabo la instrucción del sumario? who carried out the preliminary investigation into the case?4 (orden) instruction1 (indicaciones) instructions\instrucción militar military trainingjuez,-za de instrucción examining magistratemanual de instrucciones instruction manual* * *noun f.* * *SF1) (Educ) education2) (Mil) (=período) training; (=ejercicio) drilllos soldados estaban haciendo la instrucción en el patio — the soldiers were being drilled in the courtyard
3) (Dep) coaching, training4) (Jur) (tb: instrucción del sumario) preliminary investigationjuez 1), juzgado5) (Inform) statement6) pl instrucciones (=indicaciones) instructionsrecibir instrucciones — to receive instructions o orders; (Mil) to be briefed
hemos recibido instrucciones de no decir nada — we've received instructions o orders to say nothing
instrucciones de uso, instrucciones para el uso — directions for use
* * *1) ( educación) education2) (Der) ( de una causa) hearing3) instrucciones femenino plurala) (de aparato, juego) instructions (pl); ( para llegar a un lugar) directions (pl)b) ( órdenes) instructions* * *= command, direction, instruction, tuition, schooling, drill.Ex. The first half of the command looks for words hit by 'FIB?' immediately followed by a word hit by 'OPTIC?'.Ex. Explanatory references may be either 'see' or 'see also' references, which give a little more explanation than merely the direction to look elsewhere.Ex. A command language is the language with which the search proceeds; the commands are instructions that the searcher can issue to the computer.Ex. This article stresses that teaching methods are also to be updated to include, for example, individual tuition and role playing.Ex. Some people with little schooling do use the library, and for valuable purposes but they are more of an exception than the rule.Ex. An example of the type of drill which might be applied to the study of bibliographies is given below.----* campamento de instrucción = training camp.* instrucción al jurado = charge to jury.* instrucción de "añádase a" = add to instruction, add to instruction.* instrucción de 'divídase al igual que' = divide like instruction.* instrucción de manejo = operating instruction.* instrucciones = brief.* instrucciones del fabricante = firmware.* instrucciones de uso = use instruction.* instrucciones para los autores = style sheet.* instrucción general = blanket instruction.* instrucción mediante ejercicios = drilling.* instrucción sobre los derechos de los ciudadanos = community education.* juez de instrucción = coroner.* Lenguaje Común de Instrucción de EURONET = EURONET Common Command Language.* Norma Internacional para los Lenguajes de Instrucción = International Standard for Command Languages.* sargento de instrucción = drill sergeant.* * *1) ( educación) education2) (Der) ( de una causa) hearing3) instrucciones femenino plurala) (de aparato, juego) instructions (pl); ( para llegar a un lugar) directions (pl)b) ( órdenes) instructions* * *= command, direction, instruction, tuition, schooling, drill.Ex: The first half of the command looks for words hit by 'FIB?' immediately followed by a word hit by 'OPTIC?'.
Ex: Explanatory references may be either 'see' or 'see also' references, which give a little more explanation than merely the direction to look elsewhere.Ex: A command language is the language with which the search proceeds; the commands are instructions that the searcher can issue to the computer.Ex: This article stresses that teaching methods are also to be updated to include, for example, individual tuition and role playing.Ex: Some people with little schooling do use the library, and for valuable purposes but they are more of an exception than the rule.Ex: An example of the type of drill which might be applied to the study of bibliographies is given below.* campamento de instrucción = training camp.* instrucción al jurado = charge to jury.* instrucción de "añádase a" = add to instruction, add to instruction.* instrucción de 'divídase al igual que' = divide like instruction.* instrucción de manejo = operating instruction.* instrucciones = brief.* instrucciones del fabricante = firmware.* instrucciones de uso = use instruction.* instrucciones para los autores = style sheet.* instrucción general = blanket instruction.* instrucción mediante ejercicios = drilling.* instrucción sobre los derechos de los ciudadanos = community education.* juez de instrucción = coroner.* Lenguaje Común de Instrucción de EURONET = EURONET Common Command Language.* Norma Internacional para los Lenguajes de Instrucción = International Standard for Command Languages.* sargento de instrucción = drill sergeant.* * *A (educación) educationuna mujer sin instrucción an uneducated womanse ha hecho cargo de la instrucción de los niños she has taken responsibility for the children's education o for educating the childrenhan recibido instrucción sobre estos métodos they have been trained in these methodsCompuesto:military trainingB ( Der) (de una causa) trying, hearingla instrucción de un sumario the preliminary investigation into a case2 (órdenes) instructionstengo instrucciones de no dejarlo solo I have instructions o I have been told not to leave him alone* * *
instrucción sustantivo femenino
1 ( educación) education;
( práctica) training;
2◊ instrucciones sustantivo femenino plural
( para llegar a un lugar) directions (pl)
instrucción sustantivo femenino
1 (educación, conocimientos) education
2 (de un expediente) preliminary investigation
la instrucción del sumario, proceedings pl; juez de instrucción, examining magistrate
3 Mil drill
4 (usu pl) (indicación) instruction: nos dio instrucciones muy precisas, he gave us very precise instructions
libro de instrucciones, instruction manual
' instrucción' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
formación
- ilustración
- indicación
- juez
- directriz
- ignorante
English:
command
- coroner
- drill
- instruction
- training camp
- tuition
* * *instrucción nf1. [conocimientos] education;una persona con gran instrucción a very well-educated person2. [docencia] instructioninstrucción militar military training4.instrucciones [órdenes] instructions;recibí instrucciones de no abandonar mi puesto I received instructions not to leave my post5.instrucciones [explicación] instructions;sigue las instrucciones follow the instructions;instrucciones (de uso) instructions o directions (for use)6. Informát instruction[curso del proceso] proceedings* * *f1 education; ( formación) training2 MIL drill3 INFOR instruction4 JUR hearing* * *instrucción nf, pl - ciones1) educación: education2) instrucciones nfpl: instructions, directions* * *instrucción n education / training -
4 महा _mahā
1महा A cow.2महा The substitute of महत् at the beginning of Karmadhāraya and Bahuvrīhi compounds, and also at the beginning of some other irregular words. (Note: The number of compounds of which महा is the first mem- ber is very large, and may be multiplied ad infinitum. The more important of them, or such as have peculiar significations, are given below.)-Comp. -अक्षः an epithet of Śiva. ˚पटलिक a chief keeper of archives.-अङ्ग a. huge, bulky.-(ङ्गः) 1 a camel.-2 a kind of rat.-3 N. of Śiva.-अञ्जनः N. of a mountain.-अत्ययः a great danger or calamity.-अध्वनिक a. 'having gone a long way', dead.-अध्वरः a great sacrifice.-अनसम् 1 a heavy carriage.-2 cooking utensils. (-सी) a kitchen-maid. (-सः, -सम्) a kitchen; सूपानस्य करिष्यामि कुशलो$स्मि महानसे Mb.4.2.2.-अनिलः a whirl- wind; महानिलेनेव निदाघजं रजः Ki.14.59.-अनुभाव a.1 of great prowess, dignified, noble, glorious, magnanimous, exalted, illustrious; ग्रहीतुमार्यान् परिचर्यया मुहुर्महानु- भावा हि नितान्तमर्थिनः Śi.1.17; Ś.3.-2 virtuous, righteous, just.(-वः) 1 a worthy or respectable person.-2 (pl.) people of a religious sect in Mahārāṣtra founded by Chakradhara in the 13th century.-अन्तकः 1 death.-2 an epithet of Śiva.-अन्धकारः 1 thick darkness.-2 gross (spiritual) ignorance.-अन्ध्राः (pl.) N. of a people and their country.-अन्वय, -अभिजन a. nobly-born, of noble birth. (-यः, -नः) noble birth, high descent.-अभिषवः the great extraction of Soma.-अमात्यः the chief or prime minister (of a king).-अम्बुकः an epithet of Śiva.-अम्बुजम् a billion.-अम्ल a. very sour. (-म्लम्) the fruit of the tamarind tree. अरण्यम् a great (dreary) forest, large forest.-अर्घ a. very costly, costing a high price; महार्घस्तीर्थानामिव हि महतां को$प्यतिशयः U.6.11. (-र्घः) a kind of quail.-अर्घ्य a.1 valuable, precious.-2 invaluable; ines- timable; see महार्ह below.-अर्चिस् a. flaming high.-अर्णवः 1 the great ocean.-2 N. of Śiva.-अर्थ a.1 rich.-2 great, noble, dignified.-3 important, weighty.-4 significant.-अर्बुदम् one thousand millions.-अर्ह a.1 very valuable, very costly; महार्हशय्यापरिवर्तनच्युतैः स्वकेशपुष्पैरपि या स्म दूयते Ku.5.12.-2 invaluable, inestimable; महार्हशयनोपेत किं शेषे निहतो भुवि Rām.6.19. 2. (-र्हम्) white sandal-wood.-अवरोहः the fig-tree.-अशनिध्वजः a great banner in the form of the thunderbolt; जहार चान्येन मयूरपत्रिणा शरेण शक्रस्य महाशनि- ध्वजम् R.3.56.- अशन a. voracious, gluttonous; Mb. 4.-अश्मन् m. a precious stone, ruby.-अष्टमी the eighth day in the bright half of Āśvina sacred to Durgā; आश्विने शुक्लपक्षस्य भवेद् या तिथिरष्टमी । महाष्टमीति सा प्रोक्ता......-असिः a large sword.-असुरी N. of Durgā.-अह्नः the afternoon.-आकार a. extensive, large, great.-आचार्यः 1 a great teacher.-2 an epithet of Śiva.-आढ्य a. wealthy, very rich. (-ढ्यः) the Kadamba tree.-आत्मन् a.1 high-souled, high-minded, magnanimous, noble; अयं दुरात्मा अथवा महात्मा कौटिल्यः Mu.7; द्विषन्ति मन्दाश्चरितं महात्मनाम् Ku.5.75; U.1.49; प्रकृतिसिद्धमिदं हि महात्मनाम् Bh.1.63.-2 illustrious, distinguished, exalted, eminent; किमाचाराः किमाहाराः क्व च वासो महात्मनाम् Mb.3. 1.4.-3 mighty (महाबल); अथायमस्यां कृतवान् महात्मा लङ्केश्वरः कष्टमनार्यकर्म Rām.5.9.74. (-m.)1 the Supreme Spirit; युगपत्तु प्रलीयन्ते यदा तस्मिन् महात्मनि Ms.1.54.-2 the great principle, i. e. intellect of the Sāṅkhyas. (महात्मवत् means the same as महात्मन्).-आनकः a kind of large drum.-आनन्दः, -नन्दः 1 great joy or bliss.-2 espe- cially, the great bliss of final beatitude.(-न्दा) 1 spirituous liquor.-2 a festival on the ninth day in the bright half of Māgha.-आपगा a great river.-आयुधः an epithet of Śiva.-आरम्भ a. undertaking great works, enterprizing. (-म्भः) any great enterprize.-आलयः 1 a temple in general.-2 a sanctuary, an asylum.-3 a great dwelling.-4 a place of pilgrimage.-5 the world of Brahman.-6 the Supreme Spirit.-7 a tree &c. sacred to a deity.-8 N. of a particular dark fortnight.-9 पितृश्राद्ध in the month of Bhādra- pada. (-या) N. of a particular deity.- आशय a. high- souled, nobleminded, magnanimous, noble; दैवात् प्रबुद्धः शुश्राव वराहो हि महाशयः Ks; राजा हिरण्यगर्भो महाशयः H.4; see महात्मन्.(-यः) 1 a noble-minded or magnanimous person; महाशयचक्रवर्ती Bv.1.7.-2 the ocean.-आस्पद a.1 occupying a great position.-2 mighty, powerful.-आहवः a great or tumultuous fight.-इच्छ a.1 magnanimous, noble-minded, high-souled, noble; मही महेच्छः परिकीर्य सूनौ R.18.33.-2 having lofty aims or aspirations, ambitious; विद्यावतां महेच्छानां...... नाश्रयः पार्थिवं विना Pt.1.37.-इन्द्रः 1 'the great Indra', N. of Indra; इयं महेन्द्रप्रभृतीनधिश्रियः Ku.5.53; R.13.2; Ms.7.7.-2 a chief or leader in general.-3 N. of a mountain range; पतिर्महेन्द्रस्य महोदधेश्च R.6.54;4.39,43. ˚चापः rain-bow. ˚नगरी N. of Amarāvatī, the capital of Indra. ˚मन्त्रिन् m. an epithet of Bṛihaspati. ˚वाहः the elephant Airāvata; महेन्द्रवाहप्रतिमो महात्मा Mb.9.17.52.-इभ्य a. very rich.-इषुः a great archer; अधिरोहति गाण्डीवं महेषौ Ki.13.16.-इष्वासः a great archer, a great warrior; अत्र शूरा महेष्वासा भामार्जुनसमा युधि Bg.1.4.-ईशः, -ईशानः N. of Śiva; महेशस्त्वां धत्ते शिरसि रसराजस्य जयिनीम् Udb. ˚बन्धुः the Bilva tree.-ईशानी N. of Pārvatī.-ईश्वरः 1 a great lord, sovereign; महेश्वरस्त्र्यम्बक एव नापरः R.; गोप्तारं न निधीनां कथयन्ति महेश्वरं विबुधाः Pt.2.74.-2 N. of Śiva.-3 of Viṣṇu.-4 a god (opp. प्रकृति).-5 the Supreme Being (परमात्मा); मायां तु प्रकृतिं विद्यान्मायिनं तु महेश्वरम् Śvet. Up.4.1. ˚सखः N. of Kubera; यया कैलासभवने महेश्वरसखं बली Mb.9.11.55.(-री) 1 N. of Durgā.-2 a kind of bell-metal.-उक्षः (for उक्षन्) a large bull; a full grown or strong bull; महोक्षतां वत्सतरः स्पृशन्निव R.3.32;4.22;6.72; Śi.5.63.-उत्पलम् a large blue lotus. (-लः) the Sārasa bird.-उत्सवः 1 a great festival or occasion of joy; नयनविषयं जन्मन्येकः स एव महोत्सवः Māl.1.36.-2 the god of love.-उत्साह a. possessed of great energy, energetic, persevering; अहं च कर्णं जानामि...... सत्यसंधं महोत्साहं...... Mb.3.91.2.(-हः) 1 perseverance.-2 great pride; ये जात्यादिमहो- त्साहान्नरेन्द्रान्नोपयान्ति च । तेषामामरणं भिक्षा प्रायश्चितं विनिर्मितम् ॥ Pt.1.38.-उदधिः 1 the great ocean; महोदधेः पूर इवेन्दु- दर्शनात् R.3.17.-2 an epithet of Indra. ˚जः a conch- shell, shell.- उदय a. very prosperous or lucky, very glorious or splendid, of great prosperity.(-यः) 1 (a) great elevation or rise, greatness, prosperity; नन्दस्त्वतीन्द्रियं दृष्ट्वा लोकपालमहोदयम् Bhāg.1.28.1; अपवर्ग- महोदयार्थयोर्भुवमंशाविव धर्मयोर्गतौ R.8.16. (b) great fortune or good luck. (c) greatness, pre-eminence.-2 final beatitude.-3 a lord, master.-4 N. of the district called Kānyakubja or Kanouja; see App.-5 N. of the capital of Kanouja.-6 sour milk mixed with honey.-7 = महात्मन् q. v.; संसक्तौ किमसुलभं महोदयानाम Ki.7.27. ˚पर्वन् a time of union of the middle of श्रवण नक्षत्र and the end of व्यतिपात (generally in the month of माघ or पौष at the beginning of अमावास्या).- उदर a. big-bellied, corpulent.-(रम्) 1 a big belly.-2 dropsy.-उदार a.1 very generous or magnanimous.-2 mighty, powerful.-उद्यम a. = महोत्साह q. v; महोद्यमाः कर्म समा- रभन्ते.-उद्योग a. very industrious or diligent, hard- working.-उद्रेकः a particular measure (= 4 प्रस्थs).-उन्नत a. exceedingly lofty. (-तः) the palmyra tree.-उन्नतिः f. great rise or elevation (fig. also), high rank.-उपकारः a great obligation.-उपाध्यायः a great preceptor, a learned teacher.-उरगः a great serpent; वपुर्महोरगस्येव करालफणमण्डलम् R.12.98.-उरस्क a. broad-chested. (-स्कः) an epithet of Śiva.-उर्मिन् m. the ocean; ततः सागरमासाद्य कुक्षौ तस्य महोर्मिणः Mb.3.2.17.-उल्का 1 a great meteor.-2 a great fire-brand.-ऋत्विज् m. 'great priest', N. of the four chief sacri- ficial priests.-ऋद्धि a. very prosperous, opulent. (-f.) great prosperity or affluence.-ऋषभः a great bull.-ऋषिः 1 a great sage or saint; यस्मादृषिः परत्वेन महांस्त- स्मान्महर्षयः; (the term is applied in Ms.1.34 to the ten Prajāpatis or patriarchs of mankind, but it is also used in the general sense of 'a great sage').-2 N. of Sacute;iva.-3 of Buddha.-ओघ a. having a strong current.-घः a very large number; शतं खर्व- सहस्राणां समुद्रमभिधीयते । शतं समुद्रसाहस्रं महौघमिति विश्रुतम् ॥ Rām.6.28.37.-ओष्ठ (महोष्ठ) a. having large lips. (-ष्ठः) an epithet of Śiva.-ओजस् a. very mighty or powerful, possessed of great splendour or glory; महौजसा मानधना धनार्चिताः Ki.1.19. (-m.) a great hero or warrior, a champion. (-n.) great vigour.-ओजसम् the discus of Viṣṇu (सुदर्शन). (-सी) N. of plant (Mar. कांगणी).-ओदनी Asparagus Racemosus (Mar. शतावरी).-ओषधिः f.1 a very efficacious medicinal plant, a sovereign drug.-2 the Dūrvā grass.-3 N. of various plants ब्राह्मी, श्वेतकण्टकारी, कटुका, अतिविष &c. ˚गणः a collection of great or medicinal herbs:-- पृश्निपर्णी श्यामलता भृङ्गराजः शतावरी । गुड्चा सहदेवी च महौषधिगणः स्मृतः ॥ cf. also सहदेवी तथा व्याघ्री बला चातिबला त्वचा । शङ्खपुष्पी तथा सिंही अष्टमी च सुवर्चला ॥ महौषध्यष्टकं प्रोक्तं....-औषधम् 1 a sovereign remedy, panacea.-2 ginger.-3 garlic.-4 a kind of poison (वत्सनाभ).-कच्छः 1 the sea.-2 N. of Varuṇa.-3 a mountain.-कन्दः garlic.-कपर्दः a kind of shell.-कपित्थः 1 the Bilva tree.-2 red garlic.-कम्बु a. stark naked. (-म्बुः) an epithet of Śiva.-कर a.1 large-handed.-2 having a large revenue.-कर्णः an epithet of Śiva.-कर्मन् a. doing great works. (-m.) an epithet of Śiva.-कला the night of the new moon.-कल्पः a great cycle of time (1 years of Brahman); Bhāg.7.15.69.-कविः 1 a great poet, a classical poet, such as कालिदास, भवभूति, बाण, भारवि &c.-2 an epithet of Śukra.-कषायः N. of a plant (Mar. कायफळ).-कान्तः an epithet of Śiva. (-ता) the earth.-काय a. big-bodied, big, gigantic, bulky.(-यः) 1 an elephant.-2 an epithet of Śiva.-3 of Viṣṇu.-4 of a being attending on Śiva (= नन्दि).-कारुणिक a. exceedingly compassionate.-कार्तिकी the night of full-moon in the month of Kārtika.-कालः 1 a form of Śiva in his character as the destroyer of the world; महाकालं यजेद्देव्या दक्षिणे धूम्रवर्णकम् Kālītantram.-2 N. of a cele- brated shrine or temple of Śiva (Mahākāla) (one of the 12 celebrated Jyotirliṅgas) established at Ujjayinī (immortalized by Kālidāsa in his Meghadūta, which gives a very beautiful description of the god, his temple, worship &c., together with a graphic picture of the city; cf. Me.3-38; also R.6.34); महाकालनिवासिनं कालीविलासिनमनश्वरं महेश्वरं समाराध्य Dk.1.1.-3 an epithet of Viṣṇu.-4 N. of a kind of gourd.-5 N. of Śiva's servant (नन्दि). ˚पुरम् the city of Ujjayinī. ˚फलम् a red fruit with black seeds; पक्वं महाकालफलं किलासीत् N.22.29.-काली an epithet of Durgā in her terrific form.-काव्यम् a great or classical poem; (for a full description of its nature, contents &c., according to Rhetoricians see S. D.559). (The number of Mahākāvyas is usually said to be five:-- रघुवंश, कुमारसंभव, किरातार्जुनीय, शिशुपालवध and नैषधचरित or six, if मेघदूत-- a very small poem or खण़्डकाव्य-- be added to the list. But this enumeration is apparently only traditional, as there are several other poems, such as the भट्टिकाव्य, विक्रमाङ्कदेवचरित, हरविजय &c. which have an equal claim to be considered as Mahākāvyas).-कीर्तनम् a house.-कुमारः the eldest son of a reigning prince, heir-apparent.-कुल, -कुलीन a. of noble birth or descent, sprung from a noble family, nobly born. (-लम्) a noble birth or family, high descent.-कुहः a species of parasitical worm.-कृच्छ्रम् a great penance.-केतुः N. of Śiva.-केशः, -कोशः 1 an epithet of Śiva.-2 a large sheath.-क्रतुः a great sacrifice; e. g. a horse-sacrifice; तदङ्गमग्ऱ्यं मघवन् महाक्रतोरमुं तुरङ्गं प्रतिमोक्तुमर्हसि R.3.46.-क्रमः an epithet of Viṣṇu.-क्रोधः an epithet of Śiva.-क्षत्रपः a great satrap.-क्षीरः sugar-cane.-क्षीरा f. a She-buffalo; Nighaṇṭaratnākara.-खर्वः, -र्वम् a high number (ten billions ?).-गजः a great elephant; see दिक्करिन्.-गणपतिः a form of the god Gaṇeśa.-गदः fever.-गन्ध a. exceedingly fragrant. (-न्धः) a kind of cane. (-न्धम्) a kind of sandal- wood. (-न्धा) N. of Chāmuṇḍā.-गर्तः, -गर्भः -गीतः N. of Śiva.-गर्दभगन्धिका N. of a plant, भारङ्गी.-गल a. longnecked.-गवः Bos gavaeus.-गुण a. very efficacious, sovereign (as a medicine); त्वया ममैष संबन्धः कपिमुख्य महागुणः Rām.5.1.12. (-णः) a chief quality, cardinal virtue.-गुरुः a highly respectable or venerable person; (these are three, the father, mother and preceptor; पिता माता तथाचार्यो महागुरुरिति स्मृतः).-गुल्मा the Soma plant.-गृष्टिः f. a cow with a large hump.-ग्रहः 1 an epithet of Rāhu.-2 the sun; महाग्रहग्राहविनष्टपङ्कः Rām.5.5.6.-ग्रामः N. of the ancient capital of Ceylon, the modern Māgama.-ग्रीवः 1 a camel.-2 an epithet of Śiva.-ग्रीविन् m. a camel.-घूर्णा spirituous liquor.-घृतम् ghee kept for a long time (for medicinal purposes).-घोष a. noisy, loud-sounding. (-षम्) a market, fair. (-षः) a loud noise, clamour.-चक्रम् the mystic circle in the शाक्त ceremonial.-चक्रवर्तिन् m. a universal monarch.-चण्डा N. of Chāmuṇḍā.-चपला a kind of metre.-चमूः f. a large army.-छायः the fig-tree.-जङ्घः a camel.-जटः an epithet of Śiva.-जटा 1 a great braid of hair.-2 the matted hair of Śiva.-जत्रु a. having a great collar-bone. (-त्रुः) an epithet of Śiva.-जनः 1 a multitude of men, a great many beings, the general populace or public; महाजनो येन गतः स पन्थाः Mb.3.313. 117; आगम्य तु ततो राजा विसृज्य च महाजनम् 6.98.25.-2 the populace, mob; विलोक्य वृद्धोक्षमधिष्ठितं त्वया महाजनः स्मेरमुखो भविष्यति Ku.5.7.-3 a great man, a distinguished or eminent man; महाजनस्य संसर्गः कस्य नोन्नतिकारकः । पद्मपत्रस्थितं तोयं धत्ते मुक्ताफलश्रियम् Pt.3.6.-4 the chief of a caste or trade.-5 a merchant, tradesman.-जवः an antelope.-जातीय a.1 rather large.-2 of an excellent kind.-जालिः, -ली N. of a plant (Mar. सोनामुखी)-जिह्वः an epithet of Śiva.-ज्ञानिन् m.1 a very learned man.-2 a great sage.-3 N. of Śiva.-ज्यैष्ठी the day of fullmoon in the month of Jyeṣṭha; ताभिर्दृश्यत एष यान् पथि महाज्यैष्ठीमहे मन्महे N.15.89; पूर्णिमा रविवारेण महाज्यैष्ठी प्रकीर्तिता Agni P.121.63.-ज्योतिस् m. an epithet of Śiva.-ज्वरः great affliction.-ज्वाल a. very brilliant or shining.(-लः) 1 N. of Śiva.-2 a sacrificial fire.-डीनम् a kind of flight; 'यानं महाडीनमाहुः पवित्रामूर्जितां गतिम्' Mb.8.41.27 (com.).-तपस् m.1 a great ascetic.-2 an epithet of Viṣṇu.-तलम् N. of one of the seven lower regions; see पाताल.-तारा N. of a Buddhist goddess.-तिक्तः the Nimba tree.-तिथिः the 6th day of a lunation.-तीक्ष्ण a. exceedingly sharp or pungent. (-क्ष्णा) the marking- nut plant.-तेजस् a.1 possessed of great lustre or splendour.-2 very vigorous or powerful, heroic. (-m.)1 a hero, warrior.-2 fire.-3 an epithet of Kārtikeya. (-n.) quick-silver.-त्याग, -त्यागिन् a. very generous. (-m.) N. of Śiva.-दंष्ट्रः a species of big tiger.-दन्तः 1 an elephant with large tusks.-2 an epithet of Śiva.-दण्डः 1 a long arm.-2 a severe punishment.-दम्भः an epithet of Śiva.-दशा the influence exercised (over a man's destiny) by a predominant planet.-दानम् the gift of gold equal to one's own weight; अथातः संप्रवक्ष्यामि महादानस्य लक्षणम्.-दारु n. the devadāru tree.-दुर्गम् a great calamity; Pt.-दूषकः a kind of grain.-देवः N. of Śiva.(-वी) 1 N. of Pārvatī.-2 the chief queen.-द्रुमः the sacred fig-tree.-द्वारम् a large gate, the chief or outer gate of a temple.-धन a.1 rich.-2 expensive, costly; हेमदण्डैर्महाधनैः Rām.7. 77.13.(-नम्) 1 gold.-2 incense.-3 a costly or rich dress.-4 agriculture, husbandry.-5 anything costly or precious.-6 great booty.-7 a great battle (Ved.).-धनुस् m. an epithet of Śiva.-धातुः 1 gold.-2 an epithet of Śiva.-3 lymph.-4 N. of Meru.-धी a. having a great understanding.-धुर्यः a full-grown draught ox.-ध्वजः a camel.-ध्वनिक a. dead.-नग्नः an athlete; Buddh.-नटः an epithet of Śiva; महानटः किं नु...... तनोति...... साम्प्रतमङ्गहारम् N.22.7; महानटबाहुनेव बद्धभुजाङ्केन Vās.-नदः a great river.-नदी 1 a great river, such as Gaṅgā, Kṛiṣṇā; मन्दरः पर्वतश्चाक्षो जङ्घा तस्य महानदी Mb.8.34.2; संभूयाम्भोधिमभ्येति महानद्या नगापगा Śi.2.1.-2 N. of a river falling into the bay of Bengal.-नन्दा 1 spirituous liquor.-2 N. of a river.-3 ninth day of the bright half of the month of Māgha; माघमासस्य या शुक्ला नवमी लोकपूजिचा । महानन्देति सा प्रोक्ता....-नरकः N. of one of the 21 hells.-नलः a kind of reed.-नवमी the ninth day in the bright half of Āśvina, sacred to the worship of Durgā ततो$नु नवमी यस्मात् सा महानवमी स्मृता.-नाटकम् 'the great drama', N. of a drama, also called Hanumannāṭaka, (being popularly ascribed to Hanumat); thus defined by S. D.:-- एतदेव यदा सर्वैः पताकास्थानकैर्युतम् । अङ्कैश्च दशभिर्धीरा महानाटकमूचिरे ॥-नाडी sinew, tendon.-नादः 1 a loud sound, uproar.-2 a great drum.-3 a thunder-cloud.-4 a shell.-5 an elephant.-6 a lion.-7 the ear.-8 a camel.-9 an epithet of Śiva. (-दम्) a musical instrument.-नाम्नी 1 N. of a परिशिष्ट of Sāmaveda.-2 (pl.) N. of 9 verses of Sāmaveda beginning with विदा मघवन् विदा.-नायकः 1 a great gem in the centre of a string of pearls.-2 a great head or chief.-नासः an epithet of Śiva.-निद्र a. fast asleep. (-द्रा) 'the great sleep', death.-निम्नम् intestines, abdomen.-नियमः an epithet of Viṣṇu.-निर्वाणम् total extinction of individuality (according to the Buddhists).-निशा 1 the dead of night, the second and third watches of the night; महानिशा तु विज्ञेया मध्यमं प्रहरद्वयम्-2 an epithet of Durgā.-नीचः a washerman.-नील a. dark-blue. (-लः) a kind of sapphire or emerald; इन्द्रनीलमहानीलमणिप्रवरवेदिकम् Rām.5.9.16; महा- महानीलशिलारुचः Śi.1.16;4.44; R.18.42; Kau. A.2.11. 29. ˚उपलः a sapphire.-नृत्यः, -नेत्रः an epithet of Śiva.-नेमिः a crow.-न्यायः the chief rule.-पक्ष a.1 having many adherents.-2 having a large family or retinue; महापक्षे धनिन्यार्थे निक्षेपं निक्षिपेद् बुधः Ms.8.179.(-क्षः) 1 an epithet of Garuḍa.-2 a kind of duck. (-क्षी) an owl.-पङ्क्तिः, -पदपङ्क्तिः a kind of metre.-पञ्चमूलम् the five great roots:-- बिल्वो$ग्निमन्थः श्योनाकः काश्मरी पाटला तथा । सर्वैस्तु मिलितैरेतैः स्यान्महापञ्चमूलकम् ॥-पञ्चविषम् the five great or deadly poisons:-- शृङ्गी च कालकूटश्च मुस्तको वत्सनाभकः । शङ्खकर्णीति योगो$यं महापञ्चविषाभिधः ॥-पटः the skin.-पथः 1 chief road, principal street, high or main road; संतानकाकीर्णमहापथं तत् Ku.7.3.-2 the passage into the next world, i. e. death.-3 N. of certain mountain-tops from which devout persons used to throw themselves down to secure entrance into heaven.-4 an epithet of Śiva.-5 the long pilgrimage to mount Ke- dāra.-6 the way to heaven.-7 the knowledge of the essence of Śiva acquired in the pilgrimage to Kedāra.-पथिक a.1 undertaking great journeys.-2 one receiving Śulka (toll) on the high way; cf. Mb.12.76.6 (com. महापथिकः समुद्रे नौयानेन गच्छन् यद्वा महापथि शुल्कग्राहकः)-पद्मः 1 a particular high number.-2 N. of Nārada.-3 N. of one of the nine treasures of Kubera.-4 N. of the southernmost elephant supporting the world.-5 an epithet of Nanda.-6 a Kinnara attendant on Kubera.(-द्मम्) 1 a white lotus.-2 N. of a city. ˚पतिः N. of Nanda.-पराकः a. a particular penance; Hch.-पराङ्णः a late hour in the afternoon.-पवित्रः an epithet of Viṣṇu.-पशुः large cattle; महापशूनां हरणे... दण्डं प्रकल्पयेत् Ms.8.324.-पातः a long flight; Pt.2.58.-पातकम् 1 a great sin, a heinous crime; ब्रह्महत्या सुरापानं स्तेयं गुर्वङ्गनागमः । महान्ति पातकान्याहुस्तत्संसर्गश्च पञ्चमम् ॥ Ms.1154.-2 any great sin or transgression.-पात्रः a prime minister.-पादः an epithet of Śiva.-पाप्मन् a. very sinful or wicked.-पुराणम् N. of a Purāṇa; महापुराणं विज्ञेयमेकादशकलक्षणम् Brav. P.-पुंसः a great man.-पुरुषः 1 a great man, an eminent or distinguished personage; शब्दं महापुरुषसंविहितं निशम्य U. 6.7.-2 the Supreme Spirit.-3 an epithet of Viṣṇu.-पौरुषिकः a worshipper of Viṣṇu; तदहं ते$भिधास्यामि महापौरुषिको भवान् Bhāg.2.1.1.-पुष्पः a kind of worm.-पूजा great worship; any solemn worship performed on extraordinary occasions.-पृष्ठः a camel.-पोटगलः a kind of large reed.-प्रजापतिः N. of Viṣṇu.-प्रतीहारः a chief door-keeper.-प्रपञ्चः the great universe.-प्रभ a. of great lustre. (-भः) the light of a lamp.-प्रभुः 1 a great lord.-2 a king, sovereign.-3 a chief.-4 an epithet of Indra.-5 of Śiva-6 of Viṣṇu.-7 a great saint or holy man.-प्रलयः 'the great dissolution', the total annihilation of the universe at the end of the life of Brahman, when all the lokas with their inha- bitants, the gods, saints &c. including Brahman himself are annihilated; महाप्रलयमारुत...... Ve.3.4.-प्रश्नः a knotty question.-प्रसादः 1 a great favour.-2 a great present (of food offered to an idol); पादोदकं च निर्माल्यं नैवेद्यं च विशेषतः । महाप्रसाद इत्युक्त्वा ग्राह्यं विष्णोः प्रयत्नतः-प्रस्थानम् 1 departing this life, death.-2 setting out on a great journey for ending life; इहैव निधनं याम महाप्रस्थानमेव वा Rām.2.47.7 (com. महाप्रस्थानं मरणदीक्षा- पूर्वकमुत्तराभिमुखगमनम्); Mb.1.2.365.-प्राणः 1 the hard breathing or aspirate sound made in the pronunciation of the aspirates.-2 the aspirated letters themselves (pl.); they are:-- ख्, घ्, छ्, झ्, ठ्, ढ्, थ्, ध्, फ्, भ्, श्, ष्, स्, ह्.-3 a raven.-प्राणता possession of great strength or essence; अन्यांश्च जीवत एव महाप्राणतया स्फुरतो जग्राह K.-प्रेतः a noble departed spirit.-प्लवः a great flood, deluge;... क्षिप्तसागरमहाप्लवामयम् Śi.14.71.-फल a.1 bearing much fruit.-2 bringing much reward.(-ला) 1 a bitter gourd.-2 a kind of spear.(-लम्) 1 a great fruit or reward.-2 a testicle.-फेना the cuttle-fish bone.-बन्धः a peculiar position of hands or feet.-बभ्रुः a kind of animal living in holes.-बल a. very strong; नियुज्यमानो राज्याय नैच्छद्राज्यं महाबलः Rām(-लः) 1 wind, storm.-2 a Buddha.-3 a solid bamboo.-4 a palm.-5 a crocodile.-बला N. of a plant; महाबला च पीतपुष्पा सहदेवी च सा स्मृता Bhāva. P. (-लम्) lead. ˚ईश्वरः N. of a Liṅga of Śiva near the modern Mahābaleśwara.-बाध a. causing great pain or damage.-बाहु a. long-armed, powerful. (-हुः) an epithet of Viṣṇu.-बि(वि)लम् 1 the atmosphere.-2 the heart.-3 a water-jar, pitcher.-4 a hole, cave.-बिसी a variety of skin (चर्म), a product of द्वादशग्राम in the Himālayas.-बी(वी)जः an epithet of Śiva.-बी (वी)ज्यम् the perinæum.-बुध्न a. having a great bottom or base (as a mountain).-बुशः barley.-बृहती a kind of metre.-बोधिः 1 the great intelligence of a Buddha.-2 a Buddha.-ब्रह्मम्, -ब्रह्मन् n. the Supreme Spirit.-ब्राह्मणः 1 a great or learned Brāhmaṇa.-2 a low or contemptible Brāhmaṇa.-भटः a great warrior; तदोजसा दैत्यमहाभटार्पितम् Bhāg.-भद्रा N. of the river Gaṅgā.-भाग a.1 very fortunate or blessed, very lucky or prosperous.-2 illustrious, distinguished, glo- rious; उभौ धर्मौ महाभागौ Mb.12.268.3; महाभागः कामं नरपतिरभिन्नस्थितिरसौ Ś.5.1; Ms.3.192.-3 very pure or holy, highly virtuous; पतिव्रता महाभागा कथं नु विचरिष्यति Mb.4.3.16.-भागता, -त्वम्, -भाग्यम् 1 extreme good fortune, great good luck, prosperity.-2 great excel- lence or merit.-भागवतम् the great Bhāgavata, one of the 18 Purāṇas. (-तः) a great worshipper of Viṣṇu.-भागिन् a. very fortunate or prosperous.-भाण्डम् a chief treasury.-भारतम् N. of the celebrated epic which describes the rivalries and contests of the sons of Dhṛitarāṣṭra and Pāṇḍu. (It consists of 18 Parvans or books, and is said to be the composition of Vyāsa; cf. the word भारत also); महत्त्वाद्भारतत्वाच्च महाभारतमुच्यते-भाष्यम् 1 a great commentary.-2 particularly, the great commentary of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini.-भासुरः an epithet of Viṣṇu.-भिक्षुः N. of Śākyamuni.-भीता a kind of sensitive plant (लाजाळू).-भीमः an epithet of king Śantanu.-भीरुः a sort of beetle or fly.-भुज a. long-armed, powerful.-भूतम् a great or primary element; see भूत; तस्यैतस्य महाभूतस्य निःश्वसितमेतद्यदृग्वेदः Up.; तं वेधा विदधे नूनं महाभूतसमाधिना R.1. 29; Ms.1.6.(-तः) 1 the Supreme Being.-2 a great creature.-भोगः 1 a great enjoyment.-2 a great coil or hood; great winding.-3 a serpent. (-गा) an epi- thet of Durgā.-मणिः 1 a costly or precious jewel; संस्कारोल्लिखितो महामणिरिव क्षीणो$पि नालक्ष्यते Ś.6.5.-2 N. of Śiva.-मति a.1 high-minded.-2 clever. (-तिः) N. of Bṛihaspati or Jupiter.-मत्स्यः a large fish, sea-monster.-मद a. greatly intoxicated. (-दः) an elephant in rut.-मनस्, -मनस्क a.1 high-minded, noble- minded, magnanimous; ततो युधिष्ठिरो राजा धर्मपुत्रो महामनाः Mb.4.1.7.-2 liberal.-3 proud, haughty. (-m) a fabulous animal called शरभ q. v.-मन्त्रः 1 any sacred text of the Vedas.-2 a great or efficacious charm, a powerful spell.-मन्त्रिन् m. the prime-minister, premier.-मयूरी N. of Buddhist goddess.-मलहारी a kind of Rāgiṇi.-महः a great festive procession; Sinhās.-महस् n. a great light (seen in the sky).-महोपाध्यायः 1 a very great preceptor.-2 a title given to learned men and reputed scholars; e. g. महामहो- पाध्यायमल्लिनाथसूरि &c.-मांसम् 'costly flesh', especially human flesh; न खलु महामांसविक्रयादन्यमुपायं पश्यामि Māl.4; अशस्त्रपूतं निर्व्याजं पुरुषाङ्गोपकल्पितम् । विक्रीयते महामांसं गृह्यतां गृह्यतामिदम् 5.12 (see Jagaddhara ad loc.).-माघी the full-moon day in the month of Māgha.-मात्र a.1 great in measure, very great or large.-2 most excellent, best; वृष्ण्यन्धकमहामात्रैः सह Mb.1.221.27; 5.22.37.(-त्रः) 1 a great officer of state, high state- official, a chief minister; (मन्त्रे कर्मणि भूषायां वित्ते माने परिच्छदे । मात्रा च महती येषां महामात्रास्तु ते स्मृताः); Ms. 9.259; गूढपुरुषप्रणिधिः कृतमहामात्रापसर्पः (v. l. महामात्यापसर्पः) पौरजानपदानपसर्पयेत् Kau. A.1.13.9; Rām.2.37.1.-2 an elephant-driver or keeper; मदोन्मत्तस्य भूपस्य कुञ्जरस्य च गच्छतः । उन्मार्गं वाच्यतां यान्ति महामात्राः समीपगाः ॥ Pt.1.161.-3 a superintendent of elephants.(-त्री) 1 the wife of a chief minister.-2 the wife of a spiritual teacher.-मानसी N. of a Jain goddess.-मान्य a. being in great honour with; मकरन्दतुन्दिलानामरविन्दानामयं महामान्यः Bv.1.6.-मायः 1 an epithet of Śiva.-2 of Viṣṇu.-माया 1 worldly illusion, which makes the material world appear really existent.-2 N. of Durgā; महामाया हरेश्चैषा यया संमोह्यते जगत् Devīmāhātmya.-मायूरम् a particular drug. (-री) N. of an amulet and a goddess; Buddh.-मारी 1 cholera, an epidemic.-2 an epithet of Durgā.-मार्गः high road, main street. ˚पतिः a superintendent of roads.-मालः N. of Śiva.-माहेश्वरः a great worshipper of Maheśvara or Śiva.-मुखः a crocodile.-मुद्रा a parti- cular position of hands or feet (in practice of yoga).-मुनिः 1 a great sage.-2 N. of Vyāsa.-3 an epithet of Buddha.-4 of Agastya.-5 the coriander plant. (-नि n.)1 coriander seed.-2 any medicinal herb or drug.-मूर्तिः N. of Viṣṇu.-मूर्धन् m. an epithet of Śiva.-मूलम् a large radish. (-लः) a kind of onion.-मूल्य a. very costly. (-ल्यः) a ruby.-मृगः 1 any large animal.-2 an elephant,-3 the fabulous animal called शरभ.-मृत्युः, -मेधः N. of Śiva.-मृत्युंजयः a kind of drug.-मृधम् a great battle.-मेदः the coral tree; महामेदाभिधो ज्ञेयः Bhāva. P.-मेधा an epithet of Durgā.-मोहः great infatuation or confusion of mind. (ससर्ज) महामोहं च मोहं च तमश्चाज्ञानवृत्तयः Bhāg.3.12.2. (-हा) an epithet of Durgā.-यज्ञः 'a great sacrifice', a term applied to the five daily sacrifices or acts of piety to be performed by a house-holder; अध्यापनं ब्रह्मयज्ञः पितृयज्ञस्तु तर्पणम् । होमो दैवो (or देवयज्ञः) बलिर्भौतो (or भूतयज्ञः) नृयज्ञो$तिथिपूजनम् ॥ Ms.3.7,71, (for explanation, see the words s. v.).-2 N. of Viṣṇu.-यमकम् 'a great Yamaka', i. e. a stanza all the four lines of which have exactly the same words, though different in sense; e. g. see Ki.15.52, where विकाशमीयुर्जगतीशमार्गणाः has four different senses; cf. also बभौ मरुत्वान् विकृतः समुद्रः Bk.1.19.-यशस् a. very famous, renowned, celebrated.-यात्रा 'the great pilgrimage', the pilgrimage to Benares.-यानम् N. of the later system of Buddhist teaching, firstly promul- gated by Nāgārjuna (opp. हीनयान).-याम्यः an epi- thet of Viṣṇu.-युगम् 'a great Yuga', consisting of the four Yugas of mortals, or comprising 4,32, years of men.-योगिन् m.1 an epithet of Śiva.-2 of Viṣṇu.-3 a cock.-योनिः f. excessive dilation of the female organ.-रक्तम् coral.-रङ्गः a large stage.-रजतम् 1 gold; उच्चैर्महारजतराजिविराजितासौ Śi.4.28.-2 the thorn-apple.-रजनम् 1 safflower.-2 gold.-3 turmeric; तस्य हैतस्य पुरुषस्य रूपं यथा महारजनं वासः Bṛi. Up.2.3.6.-रत्नम् 1 a precious jewel; वज्रं मुक्ता प्रवालं च गोमेदश्चेन्द्रनीलकः ॥ वैडूर्यः पुष्करागश्च पाचिर्माणिक्यमेव च । महारत्नानि चैतानि नव प्रोक्तानि सूरिभिः ॥ Śukra.4.155-56.-रथः 1 a great chariot.-2 a great warrior or hero; द्रुपदश्च महारथः Bg.1.4; कुतः प्रभावो धनंजयस्य महारथजयद्रथस्य विपत्तिमुत्पादयितुम् Ve.2; दशरथः प्रशशास महारथः R.9.1; Śi.3.22; (a महारथ is thus defined:-- एको दशसहस्राणि योधयेद्यस्तु धन्विनाम् ॥ शस्त्रशास्त्र- प्रवीणश्च विज्ञेयः स महारथः ॥).-3 desire, longing; cf. मनोरथ.-रवः a frog.-रस a. very savoury.(-सः) 1 a sugar- cane.-2 quicksilver.-3 a precious mineral.-4 the fruit of the date tree.-5 any one of the eight substan- ces given below:-- दरदः पारदं शस्ये वैक्रान्तं कान्तमभ्रकम् । माक्षिकं विमलश्चेति स्युरेते$ष्टौ महारसाः ॥ (-सम्) sour ricewater.-राजः 1 a great king, sovereign or supreme ruler; पञ्चाशल्लक्षपर्यन्तो महाराजः प्रकीर्तितः Śukra.1.184.-2 a respect- ful mode of addressing kings or other great personages (my lord, your majesty, your highness); इति सत्यं महाराज बद्धो$स्म्यर्थेन कौरवैः Mb.-3 a deified Jaina teacher.-4 a fingernail. ˚अधिराजः a universal emperor, para- mount sovereign. ˚चूतः a kind of mango tree.-राजिकः N. of Viṣṇu.-राजिकाः (m. pl.) an epithet of a class of gods (said to be 22 or 236 in number.).-राज्यम् the rank or title of a reigning sovereign.-राज्ञी 1 the reigning or chief queen, principal wife of a king.-2 N. of Durgā.-रात्रम् midnight, dead of night.-रात्रिः, -त्री f.1 see महाप्रलय; ब्रह्मणश्च निपाते च महाकल्पो भवेन्नृप । प्रकीर्तिता महारात्रिः.-2 midnight.-3 the eighth night in the bright half of Āśvina.-राष्ट्रः 'the great kingdom', N. of a country in the west of India, the country of the Marāṭhās.-2 the people of Mahārāṣṭra; the Marāṭhās (pl.). (-ष्ट्री) N. of the principal Prākṛita; dialect, the language of the people of the Mahārāṣṭra; cf. Daṇḍin:-- महाराष्ट्राश्रयां भाषां प्रकृष्टं प्राकृतं विदुः Kāv.1.34.-रिष्टः a kind of Nimba tree growing on mountains.-रुज्, -ज a. very painful.-रुद्रः a form of Śiva.-रुरुः a species of antelope.-रूप a. mighty in form.(-पः) 1 an epithet of Śiva.-2 resin.-रूपकम् a kind of drama.-रेतस् m. an epithet of Śiva.-रोगः a dangerous illness, grievous malady; (these are eight:-- उन्मादो राजयक्ष्मा च श्वासस्त्वग्दोष एव च । मधुमेहश्चाश्मरी च तथो- दरभगन्दरौ ॥).-रौद्र a. very dreadful. (-द्री) an epithet of Durgā.-रौरवः N. of one of the 21 hells; Ms.4.88-9.-लक्ष्मी 1 the great Lakṣmī, or Śakti of Nārāyaṇa; सेवे सैरिभमर्दिनीमिह महालक्ष्मीं सरोजस्थिताम्.-2 a young girl who represents the goddess Durgā at the Durgā festival.-लयः 1 a great world destruction.-2 the Supreme Being (महदादीनां लयो यस्मिन्).-लिङ्गम् the great Liṅga or Phallus. (-ङ्गः) an epithet of Śiva.-लोलः a crow.-लोहम् a magnet.-वंशः N. of a wellknown work in Pali (of the 5th century).-वक्षस् m. epithet of Śiva.-वनम् a large forest in Vṛindāvana.-वरा Dūrvā grass.-वराहः 'the great boar', an epithet of Viṣṇu in his third or boar incarnation.-वर्तनम् high wages;-वल्ली 1 the Mādhavī creeper.-2 a large creeping plant.-वसः the porpoise.-वसुः silver; Gīrvāṇa.-वाक्यम् 1 a long sentence.-2 any continuous composition or literary work.-3 a great proposition, principal sentence; such as तत्त्वमसि, ब्रह्मैवेदं सर्वम् &c.-4 a complete sentence (opp. अवान्तरवाक्य q. v.); न च महावाक्ये सति अवान्तरवाक्यं प्रमाणं भवति ŚB. on MS.6.4.25.-वातः a stormy wind, violent wind; महावाता<?>तैर्महिषकुलनीलैर्जलधरैः Mk.5.22.-वादिन् m. a great or powerful disputant.-वायुः 1 air (as an element).-2 stormy wind, hur- ricane, tempest.-वार्तिकम् N. of the Vārtikas of Kātyāyana on Pāṇini's Sūtras.-विडम् a kind of factitious salt.-विदेहा N. of a certain वृत्ति or condition of the mind in the Yoga system of philosophy.-विद्या the great lores; काली तारा महाविद्या षोडशी भुवनेश्वरी । भैरवी छिन्नमस्ता च विद्या धूमवती तथा । बगला सिद्धविद्या च मातङ्गी कमला- त्मिका । एता दश महाविद्याः... ॥-विपुला a kind of metre.-विभाषा a rule giving a general option or alternative; इति महाविभाषया साधुः.-विभूतिः an epithet of Śiva.-विषः a serpent having two mouths.-विषुवम् the vernal equinox. ˚संक्रान्तिः f. the vernal equinox (the sun's entering the sign Aries).-विस्तर a. very extensive or copious.-वीचिः N. of a hell.-वीरः 1 a great hero or warrior.-2 a lion.-3 the thunderbolt of Indra.-4 an epithet of Viṣṇu.-5 of Garuḍa.-6 of Hanumat.-7 a cuckoo.-8 a white horse.-9 a sacrificial fire.-1 a sacrificial vessel.-11 a kind of hawk. ˚चरितम् N. of a celebrated drama by Bhavabhūti.-वीर्य a. of great valour, very powerful.(-र्यः) 1 N. of Brah- man.-2 the Supreme Being. (-र्या) the wild cotton shrub.-2 an epithet of संज्ञा, the wife of the sun.-वृषः a great bull.-वेग a.1 very swift or fleet.(-गः) 1 great speed, excessive velocity.-2 an ape.-3 the bird Garuḍa.-वेघः a particular position of hands or feet (in the practice of Yoga).-वेल a. billowy.-व्याधिः f.1 a great disease.-2 a very bad kind of leprosy (black leprosy).-व्याहृतिः f. a great mystical word, i. e. भूर्, भुवस् and स्वर्.-व्रत a. very devotional, rigidly observing vows.(-तम्) 1 a great vow, a great reli- gious observance; a vow for not taking even water for a month; महाव्रतं चरेद्यस्तु Mb.12.35.22 (com. महाव्रतं मासमात्रं जलस्यापि त्यागः).-2 any great or funda- mental duty; प्राणैरपि हिता वृत्तिरद्रोहो व्याजवर्जनम् । आत्मनीव प्रियाधानमेतन्मैत्रीमहाव्रतम् Mv.5.59; क्रतौ महाव्रते पश्यन् ब्रह्मचारी- त्वरीरतम् N.17.23.-व्रतिन् m.1 a devotee, an ascetic.-2 an epithet of Śiva.-शक्तिः 1 an epithet of Śiva.-2 of Kārtikeya.-शङ्कुः the sine of the sun's eleva- tion.-शङ्खः 1 a great conch-shell; पौण्ड्रं दध्मौ महाशङ्खं Bg.1.15; महाशङ्खमयी माला ताराविद्याजपे प्रिया Tantra.-2 the temporal bone, forehead.-3 a human bone.-4 a particular high number.-5 one of Kubera's treasures.-शठः a kind of thorn-apple.-शब्द a. making a loud sound, very noisy, boisterous.-शल्कः a kind of sea- crab or prawn; Ms.3.272.-शालः a great householder.-शालिः a kind of large and sweetsmelling rice.-शाल्वणम् ('great fomentation') N. of a remedy; Suśr.-शासन a.1 exercising great power.-2 whose commands are great; त्रैलोक्यघिपतित्वमेव विरसं यस्मिन् महा- शासने Bh.3.8.(-नम्) 1 the knowledge of Brahma as expounded in the Upaniṣadas.-2 great order of government.-शिरस् m. a kind of serpent.-शिवरात्रिः N. of a festival on the 14th day of the dark half of Māgha,-शुक्तिः f. a pearl-shell.-शुक्ला an epithet of Sarasvatī.-शुभ्रम् silver.-शूद्रः (-द्री f.)1 a Sūdra in a high position.-2 a cowherd.-3 an upper servant. (-द्री) a female cow-keeper. (-द्रा) a Śudra woman in a high position.-शून्यम् a particular mental condi- tion of a Yogin.-शृङ्गः 1 a species of stag.-2 the शरभ animal.-श्मशानम् an epithet of Benares.-श्यामा the Sissoo tree. (Mar. शिसवी).-श्रमणः 1 an epithet of Buddha.-2 a Jain monk.-श्लक्ष्णा sand.-श्वासः a kind of asthma.-श्वेता 1 an epithet of Sarasvatī.-2 of Durgā.-3 white sugar.-संहिता great combi- nation.-संक्रान्तिः f. the winter solstice.-सती a very chaste woman.-सत्ता absolute existence.-सत्यः an epithet of Yama.-सत्त्व a.1 noble.-2 very strong or powerful.-3 just, righteous.(-त्त्वः) 1 a large animal.-2 N. of Sākyamuni.-3 an epithet of Kubera.-संधिविग्रहः the office of the minister of peace and war.-सन्नः an epithet of Kubera.-सन्निः m. (in music) a kind of measure.-समुद्रः the great ocean.-सर्गः a great or completely new creation (after a complete destruction of the world).-सर्जः the bread- fruit or jack-tree.-साधनभागः a great executive officer.-सांतपनः a kind of very rigid penance; see Ms.11. 218.-सांधिविग्रहिकः a minister of peace and war.-सामन्तः a great vassal.-सामान्यम् the widest genera- lity.-सारः a kind of Khadira tree.-सारथिः an epithet of Aruṇa.-साहसम् great violence or outrage, great audacity.-साहसिकः a dacoit, highwayman, a daring robber.-सिंहः the fabulous animal called Śarabha.-सिद्धिः f. a kind of magical power.-सुखम् 1 great pleasure.-2 copulation. (-खः) a Buddha.-सुगन्धम् a fragrant unguent.-सुगन्धिः a kind of antidote.-सुधा silver; Gīrvāṇa.-सुभिक्षम् good times.-सूक्तः the composer of the great Sūktas or hymns of the 1th Maṇḍala of the Ṛigveda.-सूक्ष्मा sand.-सूतः a mili- tary drum.-सेनः 1 an epithet of Kārtikeya; महासेन- प्रसूतिं तद्ययौ शरवणं महत् Rām.7.16.1.-2 the commander of a large army. (-ना) a great army.-स्कन्धः a camel.-स्थली the earth.-स्थानम् a great position.-स्नेहः a combination of the 4 kinds of fat.-स्मृतिः the Ṣaḍaṅgas and Smṛitis; महास्मृतिं पठेद्यस्तु तथैवानुस्मृतिं शुभाम् Mb.12.2.3.-स्रोतस् n. the bowels.-स्रग्विन् m. an epithet of Śiva.-स्वनः a kind of drum.-हंसः an epithet of Viṣṇu.-हविस् n. clarified butter.-हस्तः an epithet of Śiva.-हासः a loud or boisterous laughter, cachinnation.-हिमवत् m. N. of a mountain.-ह्रस्वा N. of a plant (Mar. कुहिली). -
5 καλός
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `beautiful, noble, good' (Il.); on the meaning Smothers Traditio 5 (1947) 1-57, also Kretschmer Glotta 22, 261.Other forms: Primary comp. καλλίων (Alc. ntr. κάλιον [s. below], El. καλιτερος [graphic?], rarely καλώτερος, καλλιώτερος), κάλλιστος; Dor. adv. (Alcm. 98) καλλά; cf. Wackernagel Unt. 87f.Dialectal forms: ep. Ion. κᾱλός, Boeot. καλϜοςCompounds: As 1. member rare (for καλλι-, εὑ-), e. g. καλό-φυλλος `with beautiful leaves' (Thphr.; after μακρό-, λειό-φυλλος etc.); as 2. member e. g. ἀπειρό-καλος `not knowing what is beautiful' (Pl.; from τὸ καλόν). Note esp. καλοκἀγαθία (orators, X.), univerbating abstract of καλὸς κ(αὶ) ἀγαθός (IA.; see Berlage Mnemos. 60, 20ff.)Derivatives: καλότης `beauty' (Chrysipp. Stoic. 3, 60). - With geminate: 1. κάλλος n. `beauty' (Il.), as 2. member e. g. in περι-καλλής `very beautiful' (Il., bahuvrihi); from there κάλλιμος `beautiful' (Od., h. Hom.; after κύδιμος, s. Arbenz Die Adj. auf - ιμος 10ff.), καλλύνω `give beauty, make beautiful, sweep' (S., Pl., Arist.) with καλλυντής `sweeper' (pap. IIa), κάλλυντρον `broom', also name of a shrub (Arist.), κάλλυνθρον `duster' (LXX, pap.), καλλυντήρια n. pl. name of a purification feast (Phot., EM), καλλύσματα pl. `dust' (Keos). Fom κάλλος further καλλονή `id.' (cf. ἡδονή), καλλοσύνη `id.' (E.). - 2. compar. καλλίων, κάλλιστος (Il.); from there καλλιόομαι `be made more beautiful' (LXX), καλλιστεύω, - ομαι `be the most beautiful' (Ion.) with καλλιστεῖον, καλλίστευμα `sacrifice of the most beautiful, price of beauty, price of honour' (S., E., inscr.). - 3. καλλι- as 1. member (Il.); e. g. καλλι-γύναικ-α, - ος, -ι `with beutiful women' (cf. Sommer Nominalkomp. 62), also in PN, from where short names like Καλλίας etc.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: From Att. κᾰλός and Ion. κᾱλός, both from καλϜός (see Sommer Nominalkomp. 59 n. 3), deviate the noun κάλλος, the compar. forms καλλίων, κάλλιστος and the 1. member καλλι- through the gemination. An explanation is still wanting. The for κάλλος (and καλλίων, κάλλιστος, cf. Benveniste Origines 84; analogical καλλι- ?) proposed basis *κάλ-νος or *κάλ-ι̯ος (hardly to Skt. kalya-, s. below) do not inspire confidence, as κάλλος seems a Greek innovation; cf. Chantraine Formation 416f. The assumpion of an expressive gemination (Chantraine) is possible, but is only an emergency solution. For καλλι- too there is no good explanation. Beside καλ-Ϝός with old u̯o-suffix one would expect as 1. member καλι- (retained in κάλιον [Alc.]?), which Wackernagel KZ 61, 191ff. (= Kl. Schr. 1, 352ff.) finds back in Skt. kaly-ā́ṇa- `beautiful' (prop. `with beautiful arms, λευκώλενος'?; cf. on ὠλένη); rejected by Mayrhofer Wb. s. kalyaḥ1). After Schwyzer 447 n. 6 καλλ- would come from antevocalic *καλι̯-, from where καλλι- and as backformation κάλλος etc. Diff. Risch par. 62a: - λλ- from a comparative *κάλλων \< *καλι̯ων, from where κάλλιστος etc.? Similarly Seiler Steigerungsformen 68ff.: a comp. ntr. *κάλλον \< *κάλι̯ον was considered as positive and resulted in κάλλιον, καλλίων (from where κάλλιστος etc.). - The only non-Greek comparison is Skt. kalyā́ṇa-, with ep. class. kalya- `robust, prepared'. The Germanic words, ONo. hǫldr and OHG helid `warrior, Held' must be kept separated.Page in Frisk: 1,766-767Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > καλός
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6 गो _gō
गो m. f. (Nom. गौः) [गच्छत्यनेन, गम् करणे डो Tv.]1 Cattle, kine (pl.)-2 Anything coming from a cow; such as milk, flesh, leather &c.-3 The stars; वि रश्मिभिः ससृजे सूर्यो गाः Rv.7.36.1.-4 The sky.-5 The thunder- bolt of Indra; Ki.8.1.-6 A ray of light; नान्यस्तप्ता विद्यते गोषु देव Mb.1.232.11; बालो$यं गिरिशिखरेषु चारयन् गाः त्रैलोक्यं तिमिरभरेण दुष्टमेतत् (रविः नैर्मल्यं नयति) । Rām. Ch. 7.6.-7 A diamond.-8 Heaven.-9 An arrow. -f.1 A cow; जुगोप गोरूपधरामिवोर्वीम् R.2.3; क्षीरिण्यः सन्तु गावः Mk.1.6.-2 The earth; दुदोह गां स यज्ञाय R.1.26; गामात्तसारां रघुरप्यवेक्ष्य 5.26;11.36; Bg.15.13; सेको$- नुगृह्णातु गाम् Mu.3.2; Me.3; cf. also the quotation for (-6).-3 Speech, words; कुलानि समुपेतानि गोभिः पुरुषतो$- र्थतः Mb.5.28; रघोरुदारामपि गां निशम्य R.5.12;2.59; Ki.4.2.-4 The goddess of speech, Sarasvatī.-5 A mother.-6 A quarter of the compass.-7 Water; सायं भेजे दिशं पश्चाद्गविष्ठो गां गतस्तदा Bhāg.1.1.36; also pl.; Bhāg.11.7.5.-8 The eye; गोकर्णा सुमुखी कृतेन इषुणा गोपुत्रसंप्रेषिता Mb.8.9.42.-9 A region of the sky. -m. A bull, an ox; असंजातकिणस्कन्धः सुखं स्वपिति गौर्गडिः K. P.1; Ms.4.72; cf. चरद्गव.-2 The hair of the body.-3 An organ of sense; अदान्तगोभिर्विशतां तमिस्रं पुनः पुनश्चर्वितचर्वणानाम् Bhāg..7.5.3.-4 The sign Taurus of the zodiac; Bṛi. S.49.-5 The sun.-6 The number 'nine' (in math.).-7 The moon.-8 A singer.-9 A billion.-1 A cow-sacrifice-11 A house; cf. गौर्वज्रं गौः प्रभा भूमिर्वाणी तोयं त्रिविष्टपम् । धेनुर्बस्तो वृषो दिग्गौर्नेत्रं लज्जा गुरू रमा ॥ इन्द्रियं श्रीरुमा... Enm.-Comp. -कण्टकः, -कम् 1 a road or spot trodden down by oxen and thus made im- passable.-2 the cow's hoof.-3 the print of a cow's hoof.-कर्ण a. having cow's ears.(-र्णः) 1 a cow's ear; गोकर्णसदृशौ कृत्वा करावाबद्धसारणौ Ks.6.57.-2 a mule.-3 a snake; Mb.8.9.42.-4 a span (from the tip of the thumb to that of the ring-finger); गोकर्णशिथिल- श्चरन् Mb.2.68.75; तालः स्मृतो मध्यमया गोकर्णश्चाप्यनामया Brahmāṇḍa P.-5 N. of a place of pilgrimage in the south, sacred to Śiva. श्रितगोकर्णनिकेतमीश्वरम् R.8.33.-6 a kind of deer.-7 a kind of arrow; Mb.8.9.42.-किराटा -किराटिका the Sārikā bird.-किलः, -कीलः 1 a plough-2 a pestle.-कुलम् 1 a herd of kine; वृष्टिव्याकुलगोकुलावनरसादुद्धृत्य गोवर्धनम् Gīt.4; गोकुलस्य तृषा- र्तस्य Mb.-2 a cow-house.-3 N. of a village (where Kṛiṣṇa was brought up).-कुलिक a.1 one who does not help a cow in the mud.-2 squint-eyed.-कुलोद्भवा an epithet of Durgā.-कृतम् cow-dung.-क्षीरम् cow's milk.-क्षुरम्, -रकम् a cow's hoof.-खरः a beast (पशु); यत्तीर्थबुद्धिः सलिले न कर्हिचिज्जनेष्वभिज्ञेषु स एव गोखरः Bhāg.1.84.13.-खा a nail.-गृष्टिः a young cow which has had only one calf.-गोयुगम् a pair of oxen.-गोष्ठम् a cow-pen, cattle-shed.-ग्रन्थिः 1 dried cowdung.-2 a cow-house.-ग्रहः capture of cattle (गवालम्भ); Mb.12.265.2.-ग्रासः the ceremony of offering a morsel (of grass) to a cow when performing an expiatory rite.-घातः, -घातकः, -घातिन् m. a cow-killer.-घृतम् 1 rain-water.-2 clarified butter coming from a cow.-घ्न a.1 destructive to cows.-2 one who has killed a cow.-3 one for whom a cow is killed, a guest.-चन्दनम् a kind of sandal-wood.-चर a.1 grazed over by cattle.-2 frequenting, dwelling, resorting to, haunting पितृसद्मगोचरः Ku.5.77.-3 within the scope, power, or range of; अवाङ्मनसगोचरम् R.1.15; so बुद्धि˚, दृष्टि˚, श्रवण˚ स्वगोचरे दीप्ततरा बभूव Bu. Ch.1.13.-4 moving on earth.-5 accessible to, attainable; त्याग- सूक्ष्मानुगः क्षेम्यः शौचगो ध्यागोचरः Mb.12.236.12.-6 circulating, having a particular meaning, prevalent.(-रः) 1 the range of cattle, pasturage; उपारताः पश्चिम- रात्रिगोचरात् Ki.4.1.-2 (a) a district, department, province, sphere. (b) an abode, dwelling-place, a place of resort; Śi.1.21; Ms.1.39.-3 range of the organs of sense, an object of sense; श्रवणगोचरे तिष्ठ be within ear-shot; नयनगोचरं या to become visible.-4 scope, range, in general; हर्तुर्याति न गोचरम् Bh.2.16.-5 (fig.) grip, hold, power, influence, control; कः कालस्य न गोचरा- न्तरगतः Pt.1.146; गोचरीभूतमक्ष्णोः U.6.26; Māl.5.24; अपि नाम मनागवतीर्णो$सि रतिरमणबाणगोचरम् Māl.1.-6 horizon.-7 field for action, scope; इन्द्रियाणि हयानाहुर्विषयांस्तेषु गोचरान् Kaṭh.3.4.-8 the range of the planets from the Lagna or from each other.˚पीडा in- auspicious position of stars within the ecliptic; गोचर- पीडायामपि राशिर्बलिभिः शुभग्रहैर्दृष्टः (पीडां न करोति) Bṛi.S.41.13. (गोचरीकृ to place within the range (of sight), make current).-चर्मन् n.1 a cow's hide.-2 a particular measure of surface thus defined by Vasiṣṭha:-- दशहस्तेन वंशेन दशवंशान् समन्ततः । पञ्च चाभ्यधिकान् दद्यादेतद्गोचर्म चोच्यते ॥ ˚वसनः an epithet of Śiva.-चर्या seeking food like a cow; गोचर्यां नैगमश्चरेत् Bhāg.11.18.29.-चारकः cowherd.-चरणम् the tending or feeding of cows; Bhāg.1.38.8.-ज a.1 born in the earth (rice &c.).-2 produced by milk; अब्जा गोजा...... Kaṭh.5.2.-जरः an old ox or bull; नाद्रियन्ते यथापूर्वं कीनाशा इव गोजरम् Bhāg.3.3.13.-जलम् the urine of a bull or cow.-जागरिकम् auspi- ciousness, happiness. (-कः) a preparer of food, baker.-जात a. born in the heaven (gods); गोजाता अप्या मृळता च देवाः Rv.6.5.11.-जिह्वा N. of a plant (Mar. पाथरी).-जिह्विका the uvula.-जीव a. living on cattle (milk- man); Hch.1.7.-तल्लजः an excellent bull or cow.-तीर्थम् a cowhouse.-त्रम् [गां भूमिं त्रायते त्रै-क]1 a cow-pen.-2 a stable in general.-3 a family, race, lineage; गोत्रेण माठरो$स्मि Sk.; so कौशिकगोत्राः, वसिष्ठगोत्राः &c.; Ms.3.19,9.141.-4 a name, appellation; जगाद गोत्र- स्खलिते च का न तम् N.1.3; Ś.6.5; see ˚स्खलित below; मद्गोत्राङ्कं विरचितपदं गेयमुद्गातुकामा Me.88.-5 a multitude.-6 increase.-7 a forest.-8 a field.-9 a road.-1 possessions, wealth.-11 an umbrella, a parasol.-12 knowledge of futurity.-13 a genus, class, species.-14 a caste, tribe, caste according to families. (-त्रः) a mountain; 'गोत्रं नाम्नि कुले$प्यद्रौ' इति यादवः; Śi.9.8. Hence गोत्रोद्दलनः means Indra; cf. इन्द्रे तु गोत्रोद्दलनः कुलघ्ने गिरिदारणे Nm.(-त्रा) 1 a multitude of cows.-2 the earth.˚उच्चारः recitation of family pedigree.˚कर्तृ, -कारिन् m. the founder of a family.˚कीला the earth.˚ज a. born in the same family, gentile, a relation; Bhāg.3.7.24; Y.2.135.˚पटः a genealogical table, pedigree.˚प्रवरः the oldest member or founder of a family.-भिद् m. an epithet of Indra; हृदि क्षतो गोत्रभिदप्यमर्षणः R.3.53;6.73; Ku.2.52.˚स्खलनम्, ˚स्खलितम् blundering or mistaking in calling (one) by his name, calling by a wrong name; स्मरसि स्मर मेखलागुणैरुत गौत्रस्खलितेषु बन्धनम् Ku.4.8.-द a. giving cows; Ms.4.231. (-दः) brain. (-दा) N. of the river Godāvarī.-दत्र a. Ved. giving cows. (-त्रः) an epithet of Indra. (-त्रम्) a crown (pro- tecting the head).-दन्त a. armed with a coat of mail.(-तम्) 1 yellow orpiment.-2 a white fossil substance.-दानम् 1 the gift of a cow.-2 the ceremony of tonsure or cutting the hair; रामलक्ष्मणयो राजन् गोदानं कारयस्व ह Rām.1.71.23; अथास्य गोदानविधेरनन्तरम् R.3. 33; (see Mallinātha's explanation of the word); कृत- गोदानमङ्गलाः U.1; अतोनं गोदानं दारकर्म च Kau. A.1.5; (Rām. explains the word differently).-3 the part of the head close to the right ear.-दाय a. intending to give cows.-दारणम् 1 a plough.-2 a spade, hoe.-दा, -दावरी N. of a river in the south.-दुह् m.,-दुहः 'cow-milker', a cowherd; सुदुघामिव गोदुहे R.1.4.1; चिरं निदध्यौ दुहतः स गोदुहः Śi.-दोहः 1 the milking of cows.-2 the milk of cows.-3 the time of milking cows.-दोहनम् 1 the time of milking cows.-2 the milking of cows; न लक्ष्यते ह्यवस्थानमपि गोदोहनं क्वचित् Bhāg.1.19. 4.-दोहनी a milk-pail.-द्रवः the urine of a bull or cow.-धनम् 1 a herd or multitude of cows, cattle.-2 possession of cows. (-नः) a broad-pointed arrow.-धरः a mountain.-धर्मः the law of cattle, rules relating to cattle; (open and unconcealed intercourse of the sexes); गोधर्मं सौरभेयाच्च सो$धीत्य निखिलं मुनिः । प्रावर्तत तदा कर्तुं श्रद्धावांस्तमशङ्कया ॥ Mb.1.14.26.-धुमः, -धूमः 1 wheat; Bṛi. Up.6.3.13.-2 the orange. ˚चूर्णम् wheat flour;-सम्भवम् a sour paste.-धूलिः 'dust of the cows', the time of sunset or evening twilight (so called be- cause cows, which generally return home at about sunset, raise up clouds of dust by their treading on the earth).-धेनुः a milch-cow with a calf.-भ्रः a mountain.-नन्दा an epithet of the wife of Śiva.-नन्दी the female of the Sārasa bird.-नर्दः 1 the (Indian) crane.-2 an epithet of Śiva (bellowing like a bull).-3 N. of a country.-नर्दीयः an epithet of Patañjali, author of the Mahābhāṣya.-नसः, -नासः 1 a kind of snake.-2 a kind of gem.-नसा the mouth of a cow.-नाथः 1 a bull.-2 an owner of land.-3 a herdsman.-4 an owner of kine.-नायः a cowherd; तद्यथा गोनायो$श्वनायः पुरुषनाय इत्येवं तदप आचक्षते$शनायेति Ch. Up.6.8.3.-नाशनः a wolf.-नासा the projecting snout of a cow or ox.-नासम् a kind of gem.-निष्यन्दः cow's urine.-पः 1 a cowherd (considered as belonging to a mixed tribe); गोपवेशस्य विष्णोः Me.15.-2 the chief of a cowpen.-3 the superintendent of a village.-4 a king.-5 a protector, guardian; Rv.1.61.1.˚अनसी the wood of a thatch; गोपानसीषु क्षणमास्थितानाम् Śi.3.49.˚अष्टमी the eighth day of the bright fortnight of Kārttika when Kṛiṣṇa is said to have worn the dress of a cowherd.˚आटविका a cowherd.˚कन्या 1 the daughter of a cowherd.-2 a nymph of Vṛindāvana.˚अध्यक्षः, ˚इन्द्रः, ˚ईशः the chief of herdsmen, an epithet of Kṛiṣṇa.˚चापः the rainbow.˚दलः the betel-nut tree.˚भद्रम् the fibrous root of a water-lily.˚रसः gum myrrh.˚राष्ट्राः (pl.) N. of a people. ˚वधूः f. a cowherd's wife; Bhāg.1.9.4. ˚वधूटी a young cowherdess, a young wife of a cowherd; गोपवधूटीदुकूलचौराय Bhāṣā P.1.(-पकः) 1 the superin- tendent of a district.-2 myrrh.(-पिका) 1 a cowher- dess; Bhāg.1.9.14-15.-2 protectress. (-पी) a cowherd's wife (especially applied to the cowherdesses of Vṛindāvana, the companions of Kṛiṣṇa in his juvenile sports).-2 a milk-maid.-3 a protectress.-4 Nature, elementary nature.-पतिः 1 an owner of cows.-2 a bull.-3 a leader, chief.-4 the sun; नीहारमिव गोपतिः Bhāg.1.12.1; Mb.1.173.32.-5 Indra; सुराङ्गना गोपतिचापगोपुरं पुरम् (जहुः) Ki.8.1.-6 N. of Kṛiṣṇa.-7 N. of Śiva.-8 N. of Varuṇa; एष पुत्रो महाप्रज्ञो वरुणस्येह गोपतेः Mb.5.98.11.-9 a king; नासतो विद्यते राजन् स ह्यरण्येषु गोपतिः Mb.12.135.26.-पथः N. of a Brāhmaṇa of Av.-पर्वतम् the name of the place where Pāṇini is said to have performed penance and propitiated Śiva; गोपर्वतमिति स्थानं शम्भोः प्रख्यापितं मया । यत्र पाणिनिना लेभे वैयाकरणिकाग्ऱ्यता ॥ अरुणाचलमाहात्म्यम्- उत्तरार्धः 2 अ. 68 श्लो.-पशुः a sacrificial cow.-पाः m. Ved.1 a herdsman.-2 protector, or guardian; मन्द्राग्रे- त्वरी भुवनस्य गोपा Av.2.1.57.-पानसी a curved beam which supports a thatch; गोपानसी तु वलभिच्छादने वक्रदारुणि Ak.2.2.15.-पालः 1 a cowherd; Ms.4.253.-2 a king.-3 an epithet of Śiva.-4 an epithet of Kṛ&iṣṇa. ˚धानी a cow-pen, cow-shed.-पालकः 1 a cowherd.-2 a king.-3 an epithet of Śiva; also of Kṛiṣṇa.-पालिः an epithet of Śiva.-पालिका, -पाली the wife of a cowherd; पार्थः प्रस्थापयामास कृत्वा गोपालिकावपुः Mb.1.221.19.-पालितः N. of a lexicographer.-पित्तम् bile of cows, ox-bile (from which the yellow pigment गोरोचना is prepared; गोपित्ततो रोचना Pt.1.94.).-पीतः a species of wagtail.-पीथः protection; अस्माकमृषीणां गोपीथे न उरुष्यतम् Rv.5.65.6. (-थम्) a holy place, a place of pilgrimage.-पुच्छम् a cow's tail.-2 a particular point of an arrow.(-च्छः) 1 a sort of monkey; Bhāg.8.2.22.-2 a sort of necklace consisting of two or four or thirty-four strings.-3 a kind of drum.-पुटिकम् the head of Śiva's bull.-पुत्रः 1 a young bull.-2 an epithet of Karṇa.-पुरम् 1 a town-gate; उत्तुङ्गसौधसुरमन्दिरगोपुरम् Māl.9.1.-2 a principal gate; दधतमुच्चशिलान्तरगोपुराः Ki.5.5.-3 the ornamental gate- way of a temple.-पुरीषम् cowdung.-प्रकाण्डम् an ex- cellent cow or bull.-प्रचारः pasture-ground, pasturage for cattle; ग्राम्येच्छया गोप्रचारो भूमी राजवशेन वा Y.2.166.-प्रत (ता) रः 1 a ford for cattle.-2 a place of pilgrimage on the Śarayū; यद्गोप्रतरकल्पो$भूत्संमर्दस्तत्र मज्जताम् । अतस्तदाख्यया तीर्थं पावनं भुवि पप्रथे ॥ R.15.11.-प्रदानम् same as गोदान.-प्रवेशः the time when cows return home, sunset or evening-twilight; गोप्रवेशसमये Bṛi. S.24.35.-फणा 1 a bandage hollowed out so as to fit the chin or nose &c.-2 a sling.-बालः the hair of cows.-भुज् m. a king; गोभुजां वल्लभा लक्ष्मीः Rāj. T.5.6.-भृत् m.1 a mountain.-2 a king.-मक्षिका a gadfly.-मघ a. granting cattle or cows कदा गोमघा हवनानि गच्छाः Rv.6.35.3.-मंडलम् 1 the globe.-2 a multitude of cows.-मण़्डीरः a kind of an aquatic bird; L. D. B.-मतम् = गव्यूति q. v.-मतल्लिका a tract- able cow, an excellent cow; अरिर्मधोरैक्षत गोमतल्लिकाम् Śi.12.41.-मथः a cowherd.-मध्यमध्य a. slender in the waist.-महिषदा N. of one of the Mātṛis attending on कार्तिकेय.-मांसम् beef.-मायु 1 a kind of frog.-2 a jackal; अनुहंकुरुते घनध्वनिं न हि गोमायुरुतानि केसरी Śi.16. 25.-3 bile of a cow.-4 N. of a Gandharva.-मीनः a kind of fish.-मुखः, -मुखम् [गोर्मुखमिव मुखमस्य] a kind of musical instrument; Bg.1.13; गोमुखानां च शृङ्गाणाम- नीकद्वयवर्तिनाम् Śiva. B.24.55.(-खः) 1 a crocodile, shark.-2 a hole of a particular shape in a wall made by thieves.(-खम्) 1 a house built unevenly.-2 spreading unguents, smearing; 'गोमुखं कुटिलाकारे वाद्यभाण्डे विलेपने' इति विश्वः; यस्यामलिन्देषु न चक्रुरेव मुग्धाङ्गना गोमयगो- मुखानि Śi.3.48. (-खम्, -खी) a cloth-bag of the shape of a gnomon containing a rosary, the beads of which are counted by the hand thrust inside.-2 a house built unevenly.-3 a particular method of sitting (a योगासन) (-खी) the chasm in the Himālaya mountains through which the Ganges flows.-मूढ a. stupid as a bull.-मूत्रम् cow's urine.-मूत्रकः a variety of lapis lazuli (बैदूर्य); Kau. A.2.11.-कम् a particular attitude (मण्डल) in गदायुद्ध; दक्षिणं मण्डलं सव्यं गोमूत्रकमथापि च । व्यचर- त्पाण्डवो राजन्नरिं संमोहयन्निव ॥ Mb.9.58.23. -a. zigzagging, going unevenly.-मूत्रिका 1 an artificial verse, the second of which repeats nearly all the syllables of the first. (Malli. thus defines it:-- वर्णानामेकरूपत्वं यद्येकान्तरमर्धयोः गोमूत्रिकेति तत्प्राहुर्दुष्करं तद्विदो विदुः ॥ see Śi.19.46.)-2 a form of calculation.-मृगः a kind of ox (गवय).-मेदः a gem brought from the Himālaya and Indus, des- cribed as of four different colours:-- white, pale-yellow, red, and dark-blue.-मेदकः 1 see गोमेद.-2 a kind of poison (काकोल).-3 smearing the body with unguents.-मेधः, -यज्ञः a cow-sacrifice; Rām.7.25.8.-यानम्, -रथः a carriage drawn by oxen; Rām.2.82.26; Ms. 11.174.-युक्त a. drawn by oxen.-युतम् 1 a cattle station.-2 a measure of two Krośas (गव्यूत); गोयुते गोयुते चैव न्यवसत्पुरुषर्षभः Mb.14.65.22.-रक्षः 1 a cow- herd.-2 keeping or tending cattle.-3 the orange.-4 an epithet of Śiva. ˚जम्बू f. wheat.-रक्षणम् tending cattle (with religious faith).-रङ्कुः 1 a water-fowl-2 a prisoner.-3 a naked man, a mendicant wandering about without clothes.-4 a chanter.-रवम् saffron.-रसः cow's milk.-2 curds.-3 buttermilk.-4 the flavour of a sentence; को रसो गोरसं विना Udb. ˚जम् buttermilk.-राजः an excellent bull.-राटिका, -राटी the Sārikā bird.-रुतम् a measure of dis- tance equal to two Krośas.-रूपम् the form of a cow. (-पः) N. of Śiva.-रोचम् yellow orpiment.-रोचना a bright yellow pigment prepared from the urine or bile of a cow, or found in the head of a cow.-लवणम् a measure of salt given to a cow.-लाङ्गु- (गू) लः a kind of monkey with a dark body, red cheeks and a tail like that of a cow; गोलाङ्गूलः कपोलं छुरयति रजसा कौसुमेन प्रियायाः Māl.9.3.-लोकः a part of heaven, cow-world.-लोभिका, -लोभी 1 a prostitute.-2 white Dūrvā grass.-3 Zedoary.-4 N. of a shrub.-वत्सः a calf. ˚आदिन m. a wolf.-वधः the killing of a cow; Ms.11.59.-वर्धनः a celebrated hill in वृन्दावन the country about Mathurā. ('This hill was lifted up and supported by Kṛiṣṇa upon one finger for seven days to shelter the cowherds from a storm of rain sent by Indra to test Kṛiṣṇa's divinity.') ˚धरः, ˚धरिन् m. an epithet of Kṛiṣṇa.-वरम् pounded cowdung.-वशा a barren cow.-वाटम्, -वासः a cow-pen.-वासन a. covered with an ox-hide.-विकर्तः, -विकर्तृ m.1 the killer of a cow; Mb.4.2.9.-2 a hus- bandman.-विततः a horse-sacrifice having many cows.-विन्दः 1 a cowkeeper, a chief herdsman.-2 N. of Kṛiṣṇa.-3 Bṛihaspati. ˚द्वादशी the twelfth day in the light half of the month of फाल्गुन-विष् f.,-विष्ठा cowdung.-विषाणिकः a kind of musical instrument; Mb.6.44.4.-विसर्गः day-break (when cows are let loose to graze in forests); Rām.7.111.9.-वीथिः f. N. of that portion of the moon's path which contains the asterisms भाद्रपदा, रेवती and अश्विनी, or according to some, हस्त, चित्रा and स्वाती Bṛi. S.9.2.-वीर्यम् the price received for milk.-वृन्दम् a drove of cattle.-वृन्दारकः an excellent bull or cow.-वृषः, -वृषभः an excellent bull; न तां शेकुर्नृपा वोढुमजित्वा सप्त गोवृषान् Bhāg 1.58.33. ˚ध्वजः an epithet of Śiva.-वैद्यः a quack docter.-व्रजः 1 a cow-pen.-2 a herd of cows.-3 a place where cattle graze.-व्रत, -व्रतिन् a. one who imitates a cow in fru- gality;...अत्र गोव्रतिनो विप्राः... ॥ यत्रपत्रशयो नित्यं येन केन- चिदाशितः । येन केनचिदाच्छन्नः स गोव्रत इहोच्यते ॥ Mb.5.99. 13-14.-शकृत् n. cowdung; Ms.2.182.-शतम् a present of a hundred cows to a Brāhmaṇa.-शालम्, -ला a cow-stall.-शीर्षः, -र्षम् a kind of sandal; Kau. A.2.11.-2 a kind of weapon (arrow ?); Mb.7.178. 23.-षड्गवम् three pairs of kine.-षन्, -षा a. Ved. acquiring or bestowing cows.-षा (सा) तिः 1 acquiring cattle; or fighting for cattle. गोषाता यस्य ते गिरः Rv.8.84.7.-2 giving cattle.-ष्टोमः a kind of sacri- fice fasting for one day.-संख्यः a cowherd.-सदृक्षः a species of ox (गवय).-सर्गः the time at which cows are usually let loose, day-break; see गोविसर्ग.-सवः a kind of cow-sacrifice (not performed in the Kali age); Mb.3.3.17.-सहस्रम् a kind of present (महादान). (-स्त्री) N. of two holidays on the fifteenth day of the dark half of कार्तिक and ज्येष्ठ.-सावित्री N. of a hymn (cf. गायत्री).-सूत्रिका a rope fastened at both ends having separate halters for each ox or cow.-स्तनः 1 the udder of a cow.-2 a cluster of blossoms, nosegay &c.-3 a pearl-necklace of four strings.-4 a kind of fort.-स्तना, -नी a bunch of grapes.-स्थानम्, -क्रम् a cow-pen.-स्वामिन् m.1 an owner of cows.-2 a religious mendicant.-3 an honorary title affixed to proper names; (e. g. वोपदेवगोस्वामिन्).-हत्या cow-slaughter.-हल्लम् (sometimes written हन्नम्) cow-dung.-हरः, -हरणम् stealing of cows; गोष्ठमुत्किरति गोहरं वदेत् Bṛi. S.89.9. (v. l.)-हित a. cherishing or protecting kine. (-तः) N. of Viṣṇu. -
7 लोकः _lōkḥ
लोकः [लोक्यते$सौ लोक्-घञ्]1 The world, a division of the universe; (roughly speaking there are three lokas स्वर्ग, पृथ्वी and पाताल, but according to fuller classifica- tion the lokas are fourteen, seven higher regions rising from the earth one above the other, i. e. भूर्लोक, भुवर्लोक, स्वर्लोक, महर्लोक, जनर्लोक, तपर्लोक, and सत्यलोक or ब्रह्मलोक; and seven lower regions, descending from the earth one below the other; i. e. अतल, वितल, सुतल, रसातल, तलातल, महातल, and पाताल).-2 The earth, terrestrial world (भूलोक); इह- लोके in this world (opp. परत्र).-3 The human race, mankind, men, as in लोकातिग, लोकोत्तर &c. q. v.-4 The people or subjects (opp. the king); स्वसुखनिरभिलाषः खिद्यसे लोकहेतोः Ś.5.7; R.4.8.-5 A collection, group, class, com- pany; आकृष्टलीलान् नरलोकपालान् R.6.1; or शशाम तेन क्षितिपाल- लोकः 7.3.-6 A region, tract, district, province.-7 Common life, ordinary practice (of the world); लोकवत्तु लीलाकैवल्यम् Br. Sūt.II.1.33; यथा लोके कस्यचिदाप्तैषणस्य राज्ञः &c. S. B. (and diverse other places of the same work).-8 Common or worldly usage (opp. Vedic usage or idiom); वेदोक्ता वैदिकाः शब्दाः सिद्धा लोकाच्च लौकिकाः, प्रियतद्धिता दाक्षिणात्या यथा लोके वेदे चेति प्रयोक्तव्ये यथा लौकिक- वैदिकेष्विति प्रयुञ्जते Mbh. (and in diverse other places); अतो$स्मि लोके वेदे च प्रथितः पुरुषोत्तमः Bg.15.18.-9 Sight, looking.-1 The number 'seven', or 'fourteen'.-11 Ved. Open space; space, room.-12 One's own nature (निजस्वरूप); नष्टस्मृतिः पुनरयं प्रवृणीत लोकम् Bhāg.3. 31.15.-13 Enlightenment (प्रकाश); इच्छामि कालेन न यस्य विप्लवस्तस्यात्मलोकावरणस्य मोक्षम् Bhāg.8.3.25.-14 Recom- pense (फल); अग्नावेव देवेषु लोकमिच्छन्ते Bṛi. Up.1.4.15.-15 An object of enjoyment (भोग्यवस्तु); अथो अयं वा आत्मा सर्वेषां भूतानां लोकः Bṛi. Up 1.4.16.-16 Sight, the faculty of seeing (चक्षुरिन्द्रिय); अग्निर्लोकः Bṛi. Up.3.9. 1.-17 An object of sense (विषय); उपपत्त्योपलब्धेषु लोकेषु च समो भव Mb.12.288.11. (In compounds लोक is often translated by 'universally', 'generally', 'popularly'; as लोकविज्ञात so ˚विद्विष्ट).-Comp. -अक्षः space, sky.-अतिग a. extraordinary, supernatural.-अतिशय a. superior to the world, extraordinary.-अधिक a. ex- traordinary, uncommon; सर्वं पण्डितराजराजितिलकेनाकारि लोकाधिकम् Bv.4.44; Ki.2.47.-अधिपः 1 a king.-2 a god or deity.-अधिपतिः a lord of the world.-अनुग्रहः prosperity of mankind.-अनुरागः 'love of mankind', universal love, general benevolence, philanthropy.-अनुवृत्तम् obedience of the people.-अन्तरम् 'another world', the next world, future life; लोकान्तरसुखं पुण्यं तपोदानसमुद्भवम् R.1.69;6.45; लोकान्तरं गम्-प्राप् &c. 'to die'.-अन्तरित a. dead.-अपवादः public scandal, po- pular censure; लोकापवादो बलवान् मतो मे R.14.4.-अभि- भाविन् a.1 overcoming the world.-2 pervading the whole world (as light).-अभिलक्षित a. generally liked.-अभ्युदयः public weal or welfare.-अयनः N. of Nārāyaṇa.-अलोकः N. of a mythical mountain that encircles the earth and is situated beyond the sea of fresh water which surrounds the last of the seven conti- nents; beyond लोकालोक there is complete darkness, and to this side of it there is light; it thus divides the visible world from the regions of darkness; प्रकाशश्चा- प्रकाशश्च लोकालोक इवाचलः R.1.68; लोकालोकव्याहतं धर्मराशेः शालीनं वा धाम नालं प्रसर्तुम् Śi.16.83; Mv.5.1,45; ऊर्ध्व- मालोकयामासुः लोकालोकमिवोच्छ्रितम् Parṇāl.3.3; (for further explanation see Dr. Bhāṇḍārkar's note on l. 79 of Māl. 1th Act). (-कौ) the visible and the invisible world.-आकाशः 1 space, sky.-2 (with Jains) a worldly region.-आचारः common practice, popular or general custom, ways of the world; अपि शास्त्रेषु कुशला लोकाचारविवर्जिताः Pt.5.43.-आत्मन् m. the soul of the universe.-आदिः 1 the beginning of the world.-2 the creator of the world.- आयत a. atheistical, materialistic. (-तः) a materialist, an atheist, a follower of Chārvāka. (-तम्) materialism, atheism; (for some account see the first chapter of the Sarvadarśanasaṁgraha).-आयतिकः an atheist, a materialist; कच्चिन्न लोकायतिकान् ब्राह्मणांस्तात सेवसे Rām. 2.1.38.-ईशः 1 a king (lord of the world).-2 Brahman.-3 quick-silver.-उक्तिः f.1 a proverb, popular saying; लोके ख्यातिमुपागतात्र सकले लोकोक्तिरेषा यतो दग्धानां किल वह्निना हितकरः सेको$पि तस्योद्भवः Pt.1.371.-2 common talk, public opinion.-उत्तर a. extraordinary, uncommon, unusual; लोकोत्तरा च कृतिः Bv.1.69.7; U.2.7. (-रः) a king. ˚वादिन् m. pl. N. of a Buddhist school.-उपक्रोशनम् circulating evil reports among the people; असारस्य वाक्संतक्षणैर्लोकोपक्रोशनैः... अपवाहनम् Dk.2.2.-एकबन्धुः an epithet of Śākyamuni.-एषणा 1 desire for heaven; या वितैषणा सा लोकैषणोभे ह्येते एषणे एव भवतः Bṛi. Up.3.5.1.-2 desire for the good opinion of the public.-कण्टकः 1 a troublesome or wicked man, the curse of mankind.-2 an epithet of Rāvaṇa; see कण्टक.-कथा a popular legend, folk-tale.-कर्तृ, -कृत् m. the creator of the world.-कल्प a.1 resembling the world.-2 regarded by the world. (-ल्पः) a period or age of the world.-कान्त a. liked by the people, popular; भव पितुरनुरूपस्त्वं गुणैर्लोककान्तैः V.5.21. (-न्ता) a kind of medical herb (Mar. मुरुढशेंग).-कारणकारणः an epithet of Śiva.-क्षित् a. inhabiting heaven.-गतिः f. actions of men.-गाथा a song handed down among people, folk-song.-चक्षुस् n. the sun.-चारित्रम् the ways of the world.-जननी an epithet of Lakṣmī.-जित् m.1 an epithet of Buddha.-2 any conqueror of the world.-3 a sage. -a. winning heaven; तद्धैतल्लोकजिदेव Bṛi. Up.1.3.28.-ज्ञ a. knowing the world.-ज्येष्ठः an epithet of Buddha.-तत्त्वम् knowledge of mankind.-तन्त्रम् course of the world; निर्मितो लोकतन्त्रो$यं लोकेषु परिवर्तते Bhāg.12.11.29.-तुषारः camphor.-त्रयम्, -त्रयी the three worlds taken collectively; उत्खात- लोकत्रयकण्टकेपि R.14.73.-दम्भक a. cheating mankind; Ms.4.195.-द्वारम् the gate of heaven.-धर्मः 1 a worldly matter.-2 (with Buddhists) worldly condi- tion.-धातुः a particular division of the world (जम्बु- द्वीप).-धातृ m. an epithet of Śiva.-धारिणी N. of the earth.-नाथः 1 Brahman.-2 Viṣṇu.-3 Śiva.-4 a king, sovereign.-5 a Buddha-6 the sun.-नेतृ m. an epithet of Śiva.-पः, -पालः 1 a regent or guardian of a quarter of the world; ललिताभिनयं तमद्य भर्ता मरुतां द्रष्टुमनाः सलोकपालः V.2.18; R.2.75;12.89;17.78; (the lokapālas are eight; see अष्टदिक्पाल).-2 a king, sovereign.-पक्तिः f. esteem of mankind, general respectability.-पतिः 1 an epi- thet of Brahman.-2 of Viṣṇu.-3 a king, sovereign.-पथः, -पद्धतिः f. the general or usual way, the univer- sally accepted way.-परोक्ष a. hidden from the world.-पितामहः an epithet of Brahman.-प्रकाशनः the sun.-प्रत्ययः universal prevalence.-प्रवादः general rumour, current report, popular talk.-प्रसिद्ध a. well-known, universally known.-बन्धुः, -बान्धवः 1 the sun.-2 Śiva.-बाह्य, -वाह्य 1 excluded from society, excom- municated.-2 differing from the world, eccentric, singular; उन्मादवन्नृत्यति लोकबाह्यः Bhāg.11.2.4. (-ह्यः) an outcast.-भर्तृ a. supporter of the people.-भावन, -भाविन् a. promoting the welfare of the world.-मर्यादा an established or current custom.-मातृ f. an epithet of Lakṣmī.-मार्गः an established custom.-यज्ञः desire for the good opinion of the people (लोकैषणा); Mb.1. 18.5. (com. लोकयज्ञो लोकैषणा सर्वो मां साधुमेव जानात्विति वासनारूपः).-यात्रा 1 worldly affairs, the course of world- ly life, business of the world; तस्माल्लोकयात्रार्थी नित्यमुद्यत- दण्डः स्यात् Kau. A.1.4; Mb.3.15.31; Dk.2.8; एवं किलेयं लोकयात्रा Mv.7; यावदयं संसारस्तावत् प्रसिद्धैवेयं लोकयात्रा Ve.3.-2 a popular usage or custom; एषोदिता लोकयात्रा नित्यं स्त्रीपुंसयोः शुभा Ms.9.25-3 worldly existence, career in life; Māl.4,6.-4 support of life, maintenance.-रक्षः a king, sovereign.-रञ्जनम् pleasing the world, popularity.-रवः popular talk or report.-रावण a. tormentor of the people; रावणं लोकरावणम् Rām.3.33.1; Mb.3.148.12.-लेखः 1 a public document.-2 an ordi- nary letter.-लोचनम् the sun.-वचनम् a popular rumour or report.-वर्तनम् the means by which the world subsists.-वादः public rumour; common talk, popular report; मां लोकवादश्रवणादहासीः R.14.61.-वार्ता popular report, public rumour; कश्चिदक्षर्धूतः कलासु कवित्वेषु लोकवार्तासु चातिवैचक्षण्यान्मया समसृज्यत Dk.2.2.-विद्विष्ट a. disliked by men, generally or universally disliked.-विधिः 1 a mode of proceeding prevalent in the world.-2 the creator of the world.-विनायकाः a class of deities presiding over diseases.-विभ्रमः see लोकव्यवहार; हृष्यत्तनुर्विस्मृतलोकविभ्रमः Bhāg.1.71.26.-विरुद्ध a. op- posed to public opinion; यद्यपि शुद्धं लोकविरुद्धं नाकरणीयम् नाचरणीयम्.-विश्रुत a. farfamed, universally known, famous, renowned.-विश्रुतिः f.1 world-wide fame.-2 unfounded rumour, mere report.-विसर्गः 1 the end of the world; Mb.-2 the creation of the world; Bhāg.-वृत्तम् 1 the way of the world, a custom prevalent in the world; लोकवृत्तमनुष्ठेयं कृतं वो बाष्पमोक्षणम् Rām.4.25.3.-2 an idle talk or gossip; न लोकवृत्तं वर्तेत वृत्तिहेतोः कथंचन Ms.4.11.-वृत्तान्तः, -व्यवहारः 1 the course or ways of the world, general custom; Ś.5.-2 course of events.-व्यवहार a. commonly used, universally current.-व्रतम् general practice or way of the world.-श्रुतिः f.1 a popular report.-2 world-wide fame.-संसृतिः f.1 fate, destiny.-2 course through the world.-संकरः general confusion in the world.-संग्रहः 1 the whole universe.-2 the welfare of the world; लोकसंग्रहमेवापि संपश्यन् कर्तुमर्हसि Bg.3.2.-3 worldly experience.-4 propitiation of mankind.-संपन्न a. possessed of worldly wisdom.-संबाधः a throng of men, going and coming; इतस्ततः प्रवेशनिर्गमप्रवृत्तलोकसंबाधम् Dk.2.3.-साक्षिक a.1 having the world as a witness; in the face of the world; प्रत्यक्षं फलमश्नन्ति कर्मणां लोकसाक्षिकम् Mb.3.32.6.-2 attested by witnesses.-साक्षिन् m.1 an epithet of Brahman.-2 fire.-साधक a. creating worlds.-साधारण a. common (as a topic); Dk.-सिद्ध a.1 cur- rent among the people, usual, customary.-2 generally received or accepted.-सीमातिवर्तिन् a. extraordinary, supernatural.-सुन्दर a. generally admired.-स्थलम् common occurrence.-स्थितिः f.1 existence or conduct of the universe, worldly existence; the stability or perma- nence of the world; ये चैवं पुरुषाः कलासु कुशलास्तेष्वेव लोकस्थितिः Bh.2.22.-2 a universal law.-हास्य a. world-derided, the butt of general ridicule.-हित a. beneficial to mankind or to the world. (-तम्) general welfare. -
8 toelichting
1 [het toelichten] 〈 verklaring〉 explanation; 〈 verheldering〉 clarification; 〈 met voorbeeld〉 illustration♦voorbeelden:voor nadere toelichting zie onderaan • see below for detailsdat vereist enige toelichting • that requires some explanation -
9 celui
celui [səlyi]━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• cette marque est celle recommandée par les fabricants de lave-linge this brand is the one recommended by washing machine manufacturers► celui de/des• c'est celui des trois frères que je connais le mieux of the three brothers he's the one I know the best• je n'aime pas cette version, celle de Piaf est meilleure I don't like this version, the one by Piaf is better• pour ceux d'entre vous qui... for those of you who...► celui qui/que/dont• donnez-lui la balle rouge, c'est celle qu'il préfère give him the red ball, that's the one he likes best* * *səlɥinon, celui qui parlait — no, the one who was talking
tes yeux sont bleus, ceux de ton frère sont gris — your eyes are blue, your brother's are grey GB ou gray US
heureux celui/ceux qui... — happy is he/are they who...
* * *səlɥi, sɛl (celle)ceux mpl celles fpl pron1) (avec de)celui de (appartenance) celui de mon frère — my brother's, (situation)
Je n'ai pas d'appareil photo mais je peux emprunter celui de ma sœur. — I haven't got a camera but I can borrow my sister's.
Je n'ai pas de platine laser mais je peux emprunter celle de mon frère. — I haven't got a CD player but I can borrow my brother's.
Je n'ai pas de skis mais je peux emprunter ceux de ma sœur. — I haven't got any skis but I can borrow my sister's.
celui qui... (chose) — the one that..., the one which..., (personne) the one who...
celle qui... (chose) — the one that..., the one which..., (personne) the one who...
Enlève celui qui bouge. — Take away the one that moves., Take away the one which moves.
Prends ceux que tu préfères. — Take the ones you like best.
Celui qui veut peut le prendre. — Whoever wants it can have it.
celui que... (chose) — the one that..., the one which..., the one..., (personne) the one that..., the one...
celle que... (chose) — the one that..., the one which..., the one..., (personne) the one that..., the one...
Celui que je vois n'a pas l'air blessé. — The one that I can see doesn't seem to be injured., The one I can see doesn't seem to be injured.
Prends celui que tu préfères. — Take the one you like best.
celui dont; celui dont je parle — the one I'm talking about
* * *❢ Voir aussi celui-ci et celui-là.1 ( devant un complément introduit par de) tes yeux sont bleus, ceux de ton frère sont gris your eyes are blue, your brother's are grey GB ou gray US; le train du matin ou celui de 17 heures? the morning train or the 5 o'clock one?; quelle voisine? celle d'en face? which neighbourGB? the one who lives opposite?; les gens d'à côté ou ceux du premier? the people next door or the ones on the first GB ou second US floor?; celui des deux qui finira le premier the first one to finish; c'est celui de tes amis que je préfère of all your friends, he's the one I like best; celui d'entre vous que je choisirai whichever one of you I choose; ceux d'entre vous qui veulent partir those of you who want to leave; sa réaction a été celle d'un homme innocent his reaction was that of an innocent man; ce n'est pas le moment d'hésiter, mais celui d'agir now is not the time to hesitate, it's the time for action;2 ( devant une proposition relative) the one; ceux, celles ( personnes) those; ( choses) those, the ones; non, celui qui parlait no, the one who was talking; tous ceux qui étaient absents all those who were absent; ces livres ne sont pas ceux que j'avais choisis these books are not the ones I chose; ceux qu'ils ont vendus the ones ou those they sold; ‘quel disque?’-‘celui dont je parlais’ ‘which record?’-‘the one I was talking about’; il/elle est de ceux/celles qui croient tout savoir he's/she's the sort who thinks he/she knows everything; faire celui qui n'entend pas to pretend not to hear; celui qui attend trop est toujours déçu he who expects too much is bound to be disappointed; heureux celui/ceux qui… happy is he/are they who…;3 ( devant une proposition relative elliptique) the one; ceux, celles ( personnes) those; ( choses) those, the ones; pas cette photo, celle prise en mai not this photograph, the one taken in May; tous ceux munis d'une carte all those who have a card; les siècles passés et ceux à venir centuries past and those to come.[səlɥi] ( féminin celle [sɛl], pluriel masculin ceux [sø], pluriel féminin celles [sɛl]) pronom démonstratif1. [suivi de la préposition 'de']le train de 5 h est parti, prenons celui de 6 h we've missed the 5 o'clock train, let's get the 6 o'clock2. [suivi d'un pronom relatif]celui, celle the oneceux, celles those, the ones3. [suivi d'un adjectif, d'un participe]tous ceux désirant participer à l'émission all those wishing ou who wish to take part in the showcelui-ci ( féminin celle-ci, pluriel masculin ceux-ci, pluriel féminin celles-ci) pronom démonstratif1. [désignant une personne ou un objet proches]celui-ci, celle-ci this one (here)ceux-ci, celles-ci these ones, these (here)c'est celui-ci que je veux this is the one I want, I want this one2. [désignant ce dont on va parler ou ce dont on vient de parler]son inquiétude était celle-ci... his worry was as follows...elle voulait voir Anne, mais celle-ci était absente she wanted to see Anne, but she was outah celui-ci, il me fera toujours rire! now he always makes me laugh!celui-là ( féminin celle-là, pluriel masculin ceux-là, pluriel féminin celles-là) pronom démonstratif1. [désignant une personne ou un objet éloignés]celui-là, celle-là that one (there)ceux-là, celles-là those ones, those (over there)c'est celui-là que je veux that's the one I want, I want that oneil n'y a aucun rapport entre les deux décisions, celle-ci n'explique pas celle-là the two decisions are unconnected, the latter is no explanation for the former2. [emploi expressif]il a toujours une bonne excuse, celui-là! he's always got a good excuse, that one! -
10 dubio
dŭbĭus, a, um, adj. [for duhibius, duohabeo, held as two or double, i. e. doubtful; cf. dubito, Corss. Ausspr. 2, 1027].I.Moving in two directions alternately, vibrating to and fro, fluctuating (cf. ambiguus, anceps, incertus, perplexus, duplex).A.Lit. (very rare):B.ut vas non quit constare, nisi humor Destitit in dubio fluctu jactarier intus,
Lucr. 6, 556; cf.:fluctibus dubiis volvi coeptum est mare,
Liv. 37, 16, 4.—Far more freq. and class.,Trop., vacillating in mind, uncertain.1.Act.a.Wavering in opinion, doubting, doubtful, dubious, uncertain, = ambigens, haesitans, etc.:b.sin est is homo, anni multi me dubiam dant,
Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 17:quae res est, quae cujusquam animum in hac causa dubium facere possit?
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 10.— With an interrog. clause, A. and S. Gr. §213 R. 4 (1.): temptat dubiam mentem rationis egestas, ecquae nam fuerit mundi genitalis origo,
Lucr. 5, 1211; cf.:equites procul visi ab dubiis, quinam essent,
Liv. 4, 40:dubius sum, quid faciam,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 40:dubius, unde rumperet silentium,
id. Epod. 5, 85:spemque metumque inter dubii, seu vivere credant, Sive extrema pati,
Verg. A. 1, 218; cf. Liv. 1, 42:Philippus non dubius, quin, etc.,
id. 31, 42:haud dubius quin,
id. 42, 14; Curt. 5, 12.—With acc. and inf.:dictator minime dubius, bellum cum his populis Patres jussuros,
Liv. 6, 14; so,haud dubius,
id. 31, 24; Curt. 9, 7:nec sum animi dubius, verbis ea vincere magnum Quam sit,
well aware how hard it is, Verg. G. 3, 289; so,dubius with the genitives animi, Auct. B. Alex. 56, 2: mentis,
Ov. F. 6, 572:consilii,
Just. 2, 13:sententiae,
Liv. 33, 25 Drak.:salutis,
Ov. M. 15, 438:vitae,
id. Tr. 3, 3, 25:fati,
Luc. 7, 611 al.; cf. Zumpt, Gr. § 437; A. and S. Gr. § 213 R. 1 ( a.).—Wavering in resolution, irresolute, undecided (very rare):2.dubio atque haesitante Jugurtha incolumes transeunt,
Sall. J. 107, 6; cf.hostes (opp. firmi),
id. ib. 51 fin.:nutantes ac dubiae civitates,
Suet. Caes. 4 fin.:quid faciat dubius,
Ov. M. 8, 441.— Poet. transf.:cuspis,
Sil. 4, 188.—Pass., that is doubted of, uncertain, doubtful, dubious, undetermined (so most freq. in all periods and kinds of composition):b.videsne igitur, quae dubia sint, ea sumi pro certis atque concessis?
Cic. Div. 2, 51, 106; cf. id. ib. 2, 50 fin.; id. Fin. 4, 24, 67; id. de Or. 1, 20, 92; id. Mur. 32, 68; Quint. 3, 4, 8; 7, 8, 6:nihil aegrius est quam res secernere apertas Ab dubiis,
Lucr. 4, 468 (cf. verba, vague language, opp. aperta, Quint. 7, 2, 48):jus, opp. certum,
id. 12, 3, 6;opp. confessum,
id. 7, 7, 7:in regno, ubi ne obscura quidem est aut dubia servitus,
Cic. Rep. 1, 31:dubium vel anceps genus causarum,
Quint. 4, 1, 40; cf. id. 9, 2, 69: dubii variique casus, Auct. ap. Cic. Clu. 21, 58:et incerta societas,
Suet. Aug. 17 et saep.:quia sciebam dubiam esse fortunam scenicam, Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 8: salus (opp. aperta pernicies),
Cic. N. D. 3, 27, 69:spes pacis,
id. Att. 8, 13:victoria,
Caes. B. G. 7, 80, 6; cf.:victoria, praeda, laus,
Sall. J. 85, 48:Marte,
Vell. 2, 55, 3:spes armorum,
id. 2, 71:discrimen pugnae,
indecisive, Sil. 5, 519:proelia,
Tac. G. 6:auctor,
unknown, Ov. M. 12, 61 et saep.:an auspicia repetenda, ne quid dubiis diis agerem?
i. e. unassured of their favor, Liv. 8, 32:dubii socii suspensaeque ex fortuna fidei (opp. fideles socii and certi hostes),
id. 44, 18; cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 3, 5:Hispaniae,
Tac. A. 3, 44; cf.:gens dubiae ad id voluntatis,
Liv. 9, 15:lux,
i. e. morning twilight, dawn, Ov. M. 11, 596:sidera,
Juv. 5, 22; cf.nox,
evening twilight, Ov. M. 4, 401:caelum,
i. e. over cast, Verg. G. 1, 252:fulgor solis,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 670; cf.:et quasi languidus dies,
Plin. Ep. 6, 20, 6:dubiāque tegens lanugine malas,
i. e. between down and a beard, Ov. M. 9, 398; 13, 754; cf.:dubia lanuginis umbra, Claud. Epith. Pall. et Cel. 42: vina,
not sure to ripen, Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 319:consilia,
wavering, Tac. Agr. 18 et saep.:hunc annum sequitur annus haud dubiis consulibus (shortly thereafter the contrary: Papirius Semproniusque, quorum de consulatu dubitabatur),
Liv. 4, 8; so,haud dubius praetor,
id. 39, 39 fin.:haud dubii hostes,
open enemies, id. 37, 49:haud dubii Galli (opp. degeneres, mixti, Gallograeci vere),
id. 38, 17: cena dubia, see below, II.—In the neutr. absol.(α).(Non, haud) dubium est, it is ( not, not at all) doubtful, uncertain, undecided. (aa) Absol.:(β).si quid erit dubium,
Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 40:haud dubium id quidem est,
id. Poen. 3, 4, 27; Ter. And. 2, 3, 25; cf.in the interrog.: o! dubiumne id est?
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 49; id. Heaut. 3, 3, 46; id. Phorm. 5, 2, 9; and with the dat.:an dubium id tibi est?
Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 38; Cic. Fam. 4, 15.—(bb) With de:de Pompeii exitu mihi dubium numquam fuit,
Cic. Att. 11, 6, 5; so,de eorum jure,
id. de Or. 1, 57:de re,
Quint. 7, 3, 4; cf. id. 7, 6, 3.—(ng) With an interrog. clause:illud dubium (est), ad id, quod summum bonum dicitis, ecquaenam fieri possit accessio,
Cic. Fin. 4, 24, 67; cf. Quint. 7, 9, 12:hoc ergo, credo, dubium est, uter nostrum sit verecundior,
Cic. Ac. 2, 41, 126:hoc enim dubium est, utrum... an,
Quint. 6, 3, 83:Ambiorix copias suas judicione non conduxerit... an tempore exclusus, dubium est,
Caes. B. G. 6, 31, 1:an dubium vobis fuit inesse vis aliqua videretur necne?
Cic. Caecin. 11, 31 et saep.—Since the Aug. per. freq. dubium, absol. and adv.:codicilli, dubium ad quem scripti,
Quint. 7, 2, 52:quo postquam dubium pius an sceleratus, Orestes venerat,
Ov. Tr. 4, 4, 69; Suet. Caes. 58; id. Aug. 28; id. Tib. 10; Flor. 1, 1, 12; 2, 14, 3:Erechtheus, Justitiā dubium validisne potentior armis,
Ov. M. 6, 678; cf. id. Pont. 3, 1, 17:neque multo post exstincto Maximo, dubium an quaesita morte,
Tac. A. 1, 5; Flor. 1, 1, 8; 4, 2, 91 al.—(dd) Non dubium est quin uxorem nolit filius, Ter. And. 1, 2, 1; id. Eun. 5, 6, 27; Cic. de Or. 2, 8, 32; id. Att. 13, 45; Quint. 11, 2, 10 et saep.:haud dubium est, quin,
Ter. And. 2, 3, 17; 3, 2, 50; id. Ad. 5, 9, 19;and interrog.,
Quint. 3, 2, 1; 10, 1, 5. —(ee) With acc. and inf.:periisso me una haud dubium est,
Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 46; so Liv. 38, 6; Suet. Caes. 52 fin.; cf.interrog.: an dubium tibi est, eam esse hanc?
Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 9.—Ellipt.:si exploratum tibi sit posse te, etc., non esse cunctandum: si dubium sit, non esse conandum,
Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 5.—Dubium habere, to regard as uncertain, to doubt:(γ).an tu dubium habebis, etiam sancte quom jurem tibi?
Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 112:an dubium habetis, num obficere quid vobis possit? etc.,
Sall. H. Fragm. III. 61, 8 Dietsch; cf.:haec habere dubia, neque, etc.,
Cic. Ac. 2, 9 fin. —In dubium:(δ).in dubium vocare,
to call in question, Cic. de Or. 2, 34; cf.: illud me dixisse nemo vocabit in dubium, Asin. Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 31, 5. Vid. also under 3. b.:venire in dubium,
Cic. Quint. 2; id. ib. 21, 67; Liv. 3, 13; cf.:alii non veniunt in dubium de voluntate,
i. e. there is no doubt what their wish is, Cic. Att. 11, 15, 2. Vid. also under 3. b.—In dubio, in doubt, in question, undetermined:(ε).dum in dubio est animus,
Ter. And. 1, 5, 31; cf. Luc. 7, 247:in dubioque fuere utrorum ad regna cadendum esset, etc.,
Lucr. 3, 836; cf. id. 1085; Quint. 7, 9, 9:aestate potius quam hieme dandum, non est in dubio,
Plin. 25, 5, 24, § 59 et saep.:ut in dubio poneret, utrum... an, etc.,
Liv. 34, 5. Vid. also 3. b.—Sine dubio, without doubt, doubtless, indisputably, certainly (very freq.; in Cic. more than twenty times; not in Caes. and Sall.): Th. Numquid dubitas quin? etc. Gn. Sine dubio, opinor, Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 14; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 2; 47; id. Cat. 2, 1; id. Balb. 24, 55; id. Tusc. 2, 7, 18; id. Off. 1, 29, 102; id. N. D. 1, 9, 23; id. Att. 1, 19, 2 et saep. Vid. the passages in Stuerenb. Cic. Off. p. 134 sq. Sometimes, esp. in Quint., with adversative particles: sed, verum, at, etc., no doubt, doubtless... but, yet, etc.: cum te togatis omnibus sine dubio anteferret... sed, etc.. Cic. N. D. 1, 21, 58; so with sed, id. de Or, 3, 57; Quint. 1, 6, 38; 5, 10, 53; 6, 3, 64;(ζ).with sed tamen,
id. 12, 6, 7;with tamen,
id. 3, 8, 21; 5, 7, 28; 6, 4, 12;with verum,
id. 8 prooem. § 33;with at,
id. 8, 3, 67;with autem,
id. 1, 6, 12 Spald.—Procul dubio, beyond question, undoubtedly (very rare), Lucr. 3, 638; Liv. 39, 40 fin.; Plin. 18, 21, 50, § 187; and:3.dubio procul,
Lucr. 1, 812; 2, 261.—Meton., like anceps (4), doubtful, dubious, i. e. precarious, dangerous, critical, difficult (freq. but mostly poet.):b.res dubias, egenas, inopiosas consili,
critical condition, Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 2; so,res,
id. Capt. 2, 3, 46; id. Most. 5, 1, 1; Sall. C. 10, 2; 39, 3; id. J. 14, 5; Liv. 2, 50 fin.; Tac. A. 2, 62; Verg. A. 6, 196; 11, 445 al.; cf.pericla (with advorsae res),
Lucr. 3, 55; 1076:tempora (opp. secunda),
Hor. C. 4, 9, 36:mons erat ascensu dubius,
Prop. 4, 4, 83; cf.:quae (loca) dubia nisu videbantur,
Sall. J. 94, 2.—In the neutr. absol. (i. q. discrimen, II. B. 2, and periculum):II.mea quidem hercle certe in dubio vita est,
is in danger, Ter. And. 2, 2, 10 Ruhnk.; Sall. C. 52, 6; cf. Ov. Am. 2, 13, 2:sese suas exercitusque fortunas in dubium non devocaturum,
Caes. B. G. 6, 7, 6; cf. Cic. Caecin. 27, 76:tua fama et gnatae vita in dubium veniet,
Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 42; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 35; Ov. H. 16, 138 Loers.— Plur. as subst.:hinc Italae gentes in dubiis responsa petunt,
Verg. A. 7, 86:mens dubiis percussa pavet,
Luc. 6, 596.For the syn. varius, manifold, various (only in the foll. passages): o multimodis variūm et dubiūm et prosperūm copem diem, Pac. ap. Non. 84, 23 (Trag. Rel. p. 115, ed. Rib.). And so prob. is to be explained dubia cena, a multifarious, richly provided supper, Ter. Ph. 2, 2, 28 (for the subjoined explanation of Terence: ubi tu dubites, quid sumas potissimum, is only outwardly adapted to the meaning of dubius); so,(α).dubia cena,
Hor. S. 2, 2, 77; and:fercula dubiae cenae,
Aus. Mos. 102; Hier. Ep. 22, no. 16.—Hence, adv., in two forms.dŭbĭe (acc. to I. B. 1.), doubtfully, dubiously (not in Plaut., Ter., or Caes.):(β).potest accidere, ut aliquod signum dubie datum pro certo sit acceptum,
Cic. Div. 1, 55.—Esp. freq. (particularly since the Aug. per.) with negatives: haud (rarely non) dubie, undoubtedly, indisputably, positively, certainly:etsi non dubie mihi nuntiabatur Parthos transisse Euphratem, tamen, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 15, 1 (nowhere else as an adv. in Cic.):non dubie,
Quint. 7, 2, 6; 9, 4, 67; Front. Strat. 2, 3, 16; and with sed (cf. dubius, I. B. 2. b. e), Quint. 11, 2, 1; so,too, nec dubie,
Liv. 2, 23 fin.; Quint. 2, 14, 2;and with verum,
id. 3, 4, 1;with sed,
Tac. A. 4, 19 fin.: haud dubie jam victor, [p. 615] Sall. J. 102, 1 (cf. on the contrary in Cic.: sine ulla dubitatione hostis, Phil. 14, 4, 10; cf. Liv. 3, 38; Cic. Cat. 4, 3, 5); so,haud dubie,
Liv. 1, 9; 13; 3, 24; 38; 53; 4, 2; 23; 5, 10 fin.; 33 fin.; 49 fin. et saep. (about 70 times; see the passages in Stuerenb. Cic. Off. p. 138); Quint. 10, 1, 85; Tac. A. 2, 43; 88; id. H. 1, 7; 46; 72; 3, 86; 4, 27 fin.; 80; id. G. 28; Suet. Caes. 55; id. Calig. 9; id. Galb. 2; Vulg. Lev. 13, 43.—dubio = dubie, App. M. 9, 2. -
11 dubium
dŭbĭus, a, um, adj. [for duhibius, duohabeo, held as two or double, i. e. doubtful; cf. dubito, Corss. Ausspr. 2, 1027].I.Moving in two directions alternately, vibrating to and fro, fluctuating (cf. ambiguus, anceps, incertus, perplexus, duplex).A.Lit. (very rare):B.ut vas non quit constare, nisi humor Destitit in dubio fluctu jactarier intus,
Lucr. 6, 556; cf.:fluctibus dubiis volvi coeptum est mare,
Liv. 37, 16, 4.—Far more freq. and class.,Trop., vacillating in mind, uncertain.1.Act.a.Wavering in opinion, doubting, doubtful, dubious, uncertain, = ambigens, haesitans, etc.:b.sin est is homo, anni multi me dubiam dant,
Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 17:quae res est, quae cujusquam animum in hac causa dubium facere possit?
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 10.— With an interrog. clause, A. and S. Gr. §213 R. 4 (1.): temptat dubiam mentem rationis egestas, ecquae nam fuerit mundi genitalis origo,
Lucr. 5, 1211; cf.:equites procul visi ab dubiis, quinam essent,
Liv. 4, 40:dubius sum, quid faciam,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 40:dubius, unde rumperet silentium,
id. Epod. 5, 85:spemque metumque inter dubii, seu vivere credant, Sive extrema pati,
Verg. A. 1, 218; cf. Liv. 1, 42:Philippus non dubius, quin, etc.,
id. 31, 42:haud dubius quin,
id. 42, 14; Curt. 5, 12.—With acc. and inf.:dictator minime dubius, bellum cum his populis Patres jussuros,
Liv. 6, 14; so,haud dubius,
id. 31, 24; Curt. 9, 7:nec sum animi dubius, verbis ea vincere magnum Quam sit,
well aware how hard it is, Verg. G. 3, 289; so,dubius with the genitives animi, Auct. B. Alex. 56, 2: mentis,
Ov. F. 6, 572:consilii,
Just. 2, 13:sententiae,
Liv. 33, 25 Drak.:salutis,
Ov. M. 15, 438:vitae,
id. Tr. 3, 3, 25:fati,
Luc. 7, 611 al.; cf. Zumpt, Gr. § 437; A. and S. Gr. § 213 R. 1 ( a.).—Wavering in resolution, irresolute, undecided (very rare):2.dubio atque haesitante Jugurtha incolumes transeunt,
Sall. J. 107, 6; cf.hostes (opp. firmi),
id. ib. 51 fin.:nutantes ac dubiae civitates,
Suet. Caes. 4 fin.:quid faciat dubius,
Ov. M. 8, 441.— Poet. transf.:cuspis,
Sil. 4, 188.—Pass., that is doubted of, uncertain, doubtful, dubious, undetermined (so most freq. in all periods and kinds of composition):b.videsne igitur, quae dubia sint, ea sumi pro certis atque concessis?
Cic. Div. 2, 51, 106; cf. id. ib. 2, 50 fin.; id. Fin. 4, 24, 67; id. de Or. 1, 20, 92; id. Mur. 32, 68; Quint. 3, 4, 8; 7, 8, 6:nihil aegrius est quam res secernere apertas Ab dubiis,
Lucr. 4, 468 (cf. verba, vague language, opp. aperta, Quint. 7, 2, 48):jus, opp. certum,
id. 12, 3, 6;opp. confessum,
id. 7, 7, 7:in regno, ubi ne obscura quidem est aut dubia servitus,
Cic. Rep. 1, 31:dubium vel anceps genus causarum,
Quint. 4, 1, 40; cf. id. 9, 2, 69: dubii variique casus, Auct. ap. Cic. Clu. 21, 58:et incerta societas,
Suet. Aug. 17 et saep.:quia sciebam dubiam esse fortunam scenicam, Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 8: salus (opp. aperta pernicies),
Cic. N. D. 3, 27, 69:spes pacis,
id. Att. 8, 13:victoria,
Caes. B. G. 7, 80, 6; cf.:victoria, praeda, laus,
Sall. J. 85, 48:Marte,
Vell. 2, 55, 3:spes armorum,
id. 2, 71:discrimen pugnae,
indecisive, Sil. 5, 519:proelia,
Tac. G. 6:auctor,
unknown, Ov. M. 12, 61 et saep.:an auspicia repetenda, ne quid dubiis diis agerem?
i. e. unassured of their favor, Liv. 8, 32:dubii socii suspensaeque ex fortuna fidei (opp. fideles socii and certi hostes),
id. 44, 18; cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 3, 5:Hispaniae,
Tac. A. 3, 44; cf.:gens dubiae ad id voluntatis,
Liv. 9, 15:lux,
i. e. morning twilight, dawn, Ov. M. 11, 596:sidera,
Juv. 5, 22; cf.nox,
evening twilight, Ov. M. 4, 401:caelum,
i. e. over cast, Verg. G. 1, 252:fulgor solis,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 670; cf.:et quasi languidus dies,
Plin. Ep. 6, 20, 6:dubiāque tegens lanugine malas,
i. e. between down and a beard, Ov. M. 9, 398; 13, 754; cf.:dubia lanuginis umbra, Claud. Epith. Pall. et Cel. 42: vina,
not sure to ripen, Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 319:consilia,
wavering, Tac. Agr. 18 et saep.:hunc annum sequitur annus haud dubiis consulibus (shortly thereafter the contrary: Papirius Semproniusque, quorum de consulatu dubitabatur),
Liv. 4, 8; so,haud dubius praetor,
id. 39, 39 fin.:haud dubii hostes,
open enemies, id. 37, 49:haud dubii Galli (opp. degeneres, mixti, Gallograeci vere),
id. 38, 17: cena dubia, see below, II.—In the neutr. absol.(α).(Non, haud) dubium est, it is ( not, not at all) doubtful, uncertain, undecided. (aa) Absol.:(β).si quid erit dubium,
Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 40:haud dubium id quidem est,
id. Poen. 3, 4, 27; Ter. And. 2, 3, 25; cf.in the interrog.: o! dubiumne id est?
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 49; id. Heaut. 3, 3, 46; id. Phorm. 5, 2, 9; and with the dat.:an dubium id tibi est?
Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 38; Cic. Fam. 4, 15.—(bb) With de:de Pompeii exitu mihi dubium numquam fuit,
Cic. Att. 11, 6, 5; so,de eorum jure,
id. de Or. 1, 57:de re,
Quint. 7, 3, 4; cf. id. 7, 6, 3.—(ng) With an interrog. clause:illud dubium (est), ad id, quod summum bonum dicitis, ecquaenam fieri possit accessio,
Cic. Fin. 4, 24, 67; cf. Quint. 7, 9, 12:hoc ergo, credo, dubium est, uter nostrum sit verecundior,
Cic. Ac. 2, 41, 126:hoc enim dubium est, utrum... an,
Quint. 6, 3, 83:Ambiorix copias suas judicione non conduxerit... an tempore exclusus, dubium est,
Caes. B. G. 6, 31, 1:an dubium vobis fuit inesse vis aliqua videretur necne?
Cic. Caecin. 11, 31 et saep.—Since the Aug. per. freq. dubium, absol. and adv.:codicilli, dubium ad quem scripti,
Quint. 7, 2, 52:quo postquam dubium pius an sceleratus, Orestes venerat,
Ov. Tr. 4, 4, 69; Suet. Caes. 58; id. Aug. 28; id. Tib. 10; Flor. 1, 1, 12; 2, 14, 3:Erechtheus, Justitiā dubium validisne potentior armis,
Ov. M. 6, 678; cf. id. Pont. 3, 1, 17:neque multo post exstincto Maximo, dubium an quaesita morte,
Tac. A. 1, 5; Flor. 1, 1, 8; 4, 2, 91 al.—(dd) Non dubium est quin uxorem nolit filius, Ter. And. 1, 2, 1; id. Eun. 5, 6, 27; Cic. de Or. 2, 8, 32; id. Att. 13, 45; Quint. 11, 2, 10 et saep.:haud dubium est, quin,
Ter. And. 2, 3, 17; 3, 2, 50; id. Ad. 5, 9, 19;and interrog.,
Quint. 3, 2, 1; 10, 1, 5. —(ee) With acc. and inf.:periisso me una haud dubium est,
Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 46; so Liv. 38, 6; Suet. Caes. 52 fin.; cf.interrog.: an dubium tibi est, eam esse hanc?
Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 9.—Ellipt.:si exploratum tibi sit posse te, etc., non esse cunctandum: si dubium sit, non esse conandum,
Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 5.—Dubium habere, to regard as uncertain, to doubt:(γ).an tu dubium habebis, etiam sancte quom jurem tibi?
Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 112:an dubium habetis, num obficere quid vobis possit? etc.,
Sall. H. Fragm. III. 61, 8 Dietsch; cf.:haec habere dubia, neque, etc.,
Cic. Ac. 2, 9 fin. —In dubium:(δ).in dubium vocare,
to call in question, Cic. de Or. 2, 34; cf.: illud me dixisse nemo vocabit in dubium, Asin. Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 31, 5. Vid. also under 3. b.:venire in dubium,
Cic. Quint. 2; id. ib. 21, 67; Liv. 3, 13; cf.:alii non veniunt in dubium de voluntate,
i. e. there is no doubt what their wish is, Cic. Att. 11, 15, 2. Vid. also under 3. b.—In dubio, in doubt, in question, undetermined:(ε).dum in dubio est animus,
Ter. And. 1, 5, 31; cf. Luc. 7, 247:in dubioque fuere utrorum ad regna cadendum esset, etc.,
Lucr. 3, 836; cf. id. 1085; Quint. 7, 9, 9:aestate potius quam hieme dandum, non est in dubio,
Plin. 25, 5, 24, § 59 et saep.:ut in dubio poneret, utrum... an, etc.,
Liv. 34, 5. Vid. also 3. b.—Sine dubio, without doubt, doubtless, indisputably, certainly (very freq.; in Cic. more than twenty times; not in Caes. and Sall.): Th. Numquid dubitas quin? etc. Gn. Sine dubio, opinor, Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 14; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 2; 47; id. Cat. 2, 1; id. Balb. 24, 55; id. Tusc. 2, 7, 18; id. Off. 1, 29, 102; id. N. D. 1, 9, 23; id. Att. 1, 19, 2 et saep. Vid. the passages in Stuerenb. Cic. Off. p. 134 sq. Sometimes, esp. in Quint., with adversative particles: sed, verum, at, etc., no doubt, doubtless... but, yet, etc.: cum te togatis omnibus sine dubio anteferret... sed, etc.. Cic. N. D. 1, 21, 58; so with sed, id. de Or, 3, 57; Quint. 1, 6, 38; 5, 10, 53; 6, 3, 64;(ζ).with sed tamen,
id. 12, 6, 7;with tamen,
id. 3, 8, 21; 5, 7, 28; 6, 4, 12;with verum,
id. 8 prooem. § 33;with at,
id. 8, 3, 67;with autem,
id. 1, 6, 12 Spald.—Procul dubio, beyond question, undoubtedly (very rare), Lucr. 3, 638; Liv. 39, 40 fin.; Plin. 18, 21, 50, § 187; and:3.dubio procul,
Lucr. 1, 812; 2, 261.—Meton., like anceps (4), doubtful, dubious, i. e. precarious, dangerous, critical, difficult (freq. but mostly poet.):b.res dubias, egenas, inopiosas consili,
critical condition, Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 2; so,res,
id. Capt. 2, 3, 46; id. Most. 5, 1, 1; Sall. C. 10, 2; 39, 3; id. J. 14, 5; Liv. 2, 50 fin.; Tac. A. 2, 62; Verg. A. 6, 196; 11, 445 al.; cf.pericla (with advorsae res),
Lucr. 3, 55; 1076:tempora (opp. secunda),
Hor. C. 4, 9, 36:mons erat ascensu dubius,
Prop. 4, 4, 83; cf.:quae (loca) dubia nisu videbantur,
Sall. J. 94, 2.—In the neutr. absol. (i. q. discrimen, II. B. 2, and periculum):II.mea quidem hercle certe in dubio vita est,
is in danger, Ter. And. 2, 2, 10 Ruhnk.; Sall. C. 52, 6; cf. Ov. Am. 2, 13, 2:sese suas exercitusque fortunas in dubium non devocaturum,
Caes. B. G. 6, 7, 6; cf. Cic. Caecin. 27, 76:tua fama et gnatae vita in dubium veniet,
Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 42; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 35; Ov. H. 16, 138 Loers.— Plur. as subst.:hinc Italae gentes in dubiis responsa petunt,
Verg. A. 7, 86:mens dubiis percussa pavet,
Luc. 6, 596.For the syn. varius, manifold, various (only in the foll. passages): o multimodis variūm et dubiūm et prosperūm copem diem, Pac. ap. Non. 84, 23 (Trag. Rel. p. 115, ed. Rib.). And so prob. is to be explained dubia cena, a multifarious, richly provided supper, Ter. Ph. 2, 2, 28 (for the subjoined explanation of Terence: ubi tu dubites, quid sumas potissimum, is only outwardly adapted to the meaning of dubius); so,(α).dubia cena,
Hor. S. 2, 2, 77; and:fercula dubiae cenae,
Aus. Mos. 102; Hier. Ep. 22, no. 16.—Hence, adv., in two forms.dŭbĭe (acc. to I. B. 1.), doubtfully, dubiously (not in Plaut., Ter., or Caes.):(β).potest accidere, ut aliquod signum dubie datum pro certo sit acceptum,
Cic. Div. 1, 55.—Esp. freq. (particularly since the Aug. per.) with negatives: haud (rarely non) dubie, undoubtedly, indisputably, positively, certainly:etsi non dubie mihi nuntiabatur Parthos transisse Euphratem, tamen, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 15, 1 (nowhere else as an adv. in Cic.):non dubie,
Quint. 7, 2, 6; 9, 4, 67; Front. Strat. 2, 3, 16; and with sed (cf. dubius, I. B. 2. b. e), Quint. 11, 2, 1; so,too, nec dubie,
Liv. 2, 23 fin.; Quint. 2, 14, 2;and with verum,
id. 3, 4, 1;with sed,
Tac. A. 4, 19 fin.: haud dubie jam victor, [p. 615] Sall. J. 102, 1 (cf. on the contrary in Cic.: sine ulla dubitatione hostis, Phil. 14, 4, 10; cf. Liv. 3, 38; Cic. Cat. 4, 3, 5); so,haud dubie,
Liv. 1, 9; 13; 3, 24; 38; 53; 4, 2; 23; 5, 10 fin.; 33 fin.; 49 fin. et saep. (about 70 times; see the passages in Stuerenb. Cic. Off. p. 138); Quint. 10, 1, 85; Tac. A. 2, 43; 88; id. H. 1, 7; 46; 72; 3, 86; 4, 27 fin.; 80; id. G. 28; Suet. Caes. 55; id. Calig. 9; id. Galb. 2; Vulg. Lev. 13, 43.—dubio = dubie, App. M. 9, 2. -
12 dubius
dŭbĭus, a, um, adj. [for duhibius, duohabeo, held as two or double, i. e. doubtful; cf. dubito, Corss. Ausspr. 2, 1027].I.Moving in two directions alternately, vibrating to and fro, fluctuating (cf. ambiguus, anceps, incertus, perplexus, duplex).A.Lit. (very rare):B.ut vas non quit constare, nisi humor Destitit in dubio fluctu jactarier intus,
Lucr. 6, 556; cf.:fluctibus dubiis volvi coeptum est mare,
Liv. 37, 16, 4.—Far more freq. and class.,Trop., vacillating in mind, uncertain.1.Act.a.Wavering in opinion, doubting, doubtful, dubious, uncertain, = ambigens, haesitans, etc.:b.sin est is homo, anni multi me dubiam dant,
Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 17:quae res est, quae cujusquam animum in hac causa dubium facere possit?
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 10.— With an interrog. clause, A. and S. Gr. §213 R. 4 (1.): temptat dubiam mentem rationis egestas, ecquae nam fuerit mundi genitalis origo,
Lucr. 5, 1211; cf.:equites procul visi ab dubiis, quinam essent,
Liv. 4, 40:dubius sum, quid faciam,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 40:dubius, unde rumperet silentium,
id. Epod. 5, 85:spemque metumque inter dubii, seu vivere credant, Sive extrema pati,
Verg. A. 1, 218; cf. Liv. 1, 42:Philippus non dubius, quin, etc.,
id. 31, 42:haud dubius quin,
id. 42, 14; Curt. 5, 12.—With acc. and inf.:dictator minime dubius, bellum cum his populis Patres jussuros,
Liv. 6, 14; so,haud dubius,
id. 31, 24; Curt. 9, 7:nec sum animi dubius, verbis ea vincere magnum Quam sit,
well aware how hard it is, Verg. G. 3, 289; so,dubius with the genitives animi, Auct. B. Alex. 56, 2: mentis,
Ov. F. 6, 572:consilii,
Just. 2, 13:sententiae,
Liv. 33, 25 Drak.:salutis,
Ov. M. 15, 438:vitae,
id. Tr. 3, 3, 25:fati,
Luc. 7, 611 al.; cf. Zumpt, Gr. § 437; A. and S. Gr. § 213 R. 1 ( a.).—Wavering in resolution, irresolute, undecided (very rare):2.dubio atque haesitante Jugurtha incolumes transeunt,
Sall. J. 107, 6; cf.hostes (opp. firmi),
id. ib. 51 fin.:nutantes ac dubiae civitates,
Suet. Caes. 4 fin.:quid faciat dubius,
Ov. M. 8, 441.— Poet. transf.:cuspis,
Sil. 4, 188.—Pass., that is doubted of, uncertain, doubtful, dubious, undetermined (so most freq. in all periods and kinds of composition):b.videsne igitur, quae dubia sint, ea sumi pro certis atque concessis?
Cic. Div. 2, 51, 106; cf. id. ib. 2, 50 fin.; id. Fin. 4, 24, 67; id. de Or. 1, 20, 92; id. Mur. 32, 68; Quint. 3, 4, 8; 7, 8, 6:nihil aegrius est quam res secernere apertas Ab dubiis,
Lucr. 4, 468 (cf. verba, vague language, opp. aperta, Quint. 7, 2, 48):jus, opp. certum,
id. 12, 3, 6;opp. confessum,
id. 7, 7, 7:in regno, ubi ne obscura quidem est aut dubia servitus,
Cic. Rep. 1, 31:dubium vel anceps genus causarum,
Quint. 4, 1, 40; cf. id. 9, 2, 69: dubii variique casus, Auct. ap. Cic. Clu. 21, 58:et incerta societas,
Suet. Aug. 17 et saep.:quia sciebam dubiam esse fortunam scenicam, Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 8: salus (opp. aperta pernicies),
Cic. N. D. 3, 27, 69:spes pacis,
id. Att. 8, 13:victoria,
Caes. B. G. 7, 80, 6; cf.:victoria, praeda, laus,
Sall. J. 85, 48:Marte,
Vell. 2, 55, 3:spes armorum,
id. 2, 71:discrimen pugnae,
indecisive, Sil. 5, 519:proelia,
Tac. G. 6:auctor,
unknown, Ov. M. 12, 61 et saep.:an auspicia repetenda, ne quid dubiis diis agerem?
i. e. unassured of their favor, Liv. 8, 32:dubii socii suspensaeque ex fortuna fidei (opp. fideles socii and certi hostes),
id. 44, 18; cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 3, 5:Hispaniae,
Tac. A. 3, 44; cf.:gens dubiae ad id voluntatis,
Liv. 9, 15:lux,
i. e. morning twilight, dawn, Ov. M. 11, 596:sidera,
Juv. 5, 22; cf.nox,
evening twilight, Ov. M. 4, 401:caelum,
i. e. over cast, Verg. G. 1, 252:fulgor solis,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 670; cf.:et quasi languidus dies,
Plin. Ep. 6, 20, 6:dubiāque tegens lanugine malas,
i. e. between down and a beard, Ov. M. 9, 398; 13, 754; cf.:dubia lanuginis umbra, Claud. Epith. Pall. et Cel. 42: vina,
not sure to ripen, Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 319:consilia,
wavering, Tac. Agr. 18 et saep.:hunc annum sequitur annus haud dubiis consulibus (shortly thereafter the contrary: Papirius Semproniusque, quorum de consulatu dubitabatur),
Liv. 4, 8; so,haud dubius praetor,
id. 39, 39 fin.:haud dubii hostes,
open enemies, id. 37, 49:haud dubii Galli (opp. degeneres, mixti, Gallograeci vere),
id. 38, 17: cena dubia, see below, II.—In the neutr. absol.(α).(Non, haud) dubium est, it is ( not, not at all) doubtful, uncertain, undecided. (aa) Absol.:(β).si quid erit dubium,
Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 40:haud dubium id quidem est,
id. Poen. 3, 4, 27; Ter. And. 2, 3, 25; cf.in the interrog.: o! dubiumne id est?
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 49; id. Heaut. 3, 3, 46; id. Phorm. 5, 2, 9; and with the dat.:an dubium id tibi est?
Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 38; Cic. Fam. 4, 15.—(bb) With de:de Pompeii exitu mihi dubium numquam fuit,
Cic. Att. 11, 6, 5; so,de eorum jure,
id. de Or. 1, 57:de re,
Quint. 7, 3, 4; cf. id. 7, 6, 3.—(ng) With an interrog. clause:illud dubium (est), ad id, quod summum bonum dicitis, ecquaenam fieri possit accessio,
Cic. Fin. 4, 24, 67; cf. Quint. 7, 9, 12:hoc ergo, credo, dubium est, uter nostrum sit verecundior,
Cic. Ac. 2, 41, 126:hoc enim dubium est, utrum... an,
Quint. 6, 3, 83:Ambiorix copias suas judicione non conduxerit... an tempore exclusus, dubium est,
Caes. B. G. 6, 31, 1:an dubium vobis fuit inesse vis aliqua videretur necne?
Cic. Caecin. 11, 31 et saep.—Since the Aug. per. freq. dubium, absol. and adv.:codicilli, dubium ad quem scripti,
Quint. 7, 2, 52:quo postquam dubium pius an sceleratus, Orestes venerat,
Ov. Tr. 4, 4, 69; Suet. Caes. 58; id. Aug. 28; id. Tib. 10; Flor. 1, 1, 12; 2, 14, 3:Erechtheus, Justitiā dubium validisne potentior armis,
Ov. M. 6, 678; cf. id. Pont. 3, 1, 17:neque multo post exstincto Maximo, dubium an quaesita morte,
Tac. A. 1, 5; Flor. 1, 1, 8; 4, 2, 91 al.—(dd) Non dubium est quin uxorem nolit filius, Ter. And. 1, 2, 1; id. Eun. 5, 6, 27; Cic. de Or. 2, 8, 32; id. Att. 13, 45; Quint. 11, 2, 10 et saep.:haud dubium est, quin,
Ter. And. 2, 3, 17; 3, 2, 50; id. Ad. 5, 9, 19;and interrog.,
Quint. 3, 2, 1; 10, 1, 5. —(ee) With acc. and inf.:periisso me una haud dubium est,
Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 46; so Liv. 38, 6; Suet. Caes. 52 fin.; cf.interrog.: an dubium tibi est, eam esse hanc?
Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 9.—Ellipt.:si exploratum tibi sit posse te, etc., non esse cunctandum: si dubium sit, non esse conandum,
Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 5.—Dubium habere, to regard as uncertain, to doubt:(γ).an tu dubium habebis, etiam sancte quom jurem tibi?
Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 112:an dubium habetis, num obficere quid vobis possit? etc.,
Sall. H. Fragm. III. 61, 8 Dietsch; cf.:haec habere dubia, neque, etc.,
Cic. Ac. 2, 9 fin. —In dubium:(δ).in dubium vocare,
to call in question, Cic. de Or. 2, 34; cf.: illud me dixisse nemo vocabit in dubium, Asin. Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 31, 5. Vid. also under 3. b.:venire in dubium,
Cic. Quint. 2; id. ib. 21, 67; Liv. 3, 13; cf.:alii non veniunt in dubium de voluntate,
i. e. there is no doubt what their wish is, Cic. Att. 11, 15, 2. Vid. also under 3. b.—In dubio, in doubt, in question, undetermined:(ε).dum in dubio est animus,
Ter. And. 1, 5, 31; cf. Luc. 7, 247:in dubioque fuere utrorum ad regna cadendum esset, etc.,
Lucr. 3, 836; cf. id. 1085; Quint. 7, 9, 9:aestate potius quam hieme dandum, non est in dubio,
Plin. 25, 5, 24, § 59 et saep.:ut in dubio poneret, utrum... an, etc.,
Liv. 34, 5. Vid. also 3. b.—Sine dubio, without doubt, doubtless, indisputably, certainly (very freq.; in Cic. more than twenty times; not in Caes. and Sall.): Th. Numquid dubitas quin? etc. Gn. Sine dubio, opinor, Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 14; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 2; 47; id. Cat. 2, 1; id. Balb. 24, 55; id. Tusc. 2, 7, 18; id. Off. 1, 29, 102; id. N. D. 1, 9, 23; id. Att. 1, 19, 2 et saep. Vid. the passages in Stuerenb. Cic. Off. p. 134 sq. Sometimes, esp. in Quint., with adversative particles: sed, verum, at, etc., no doubt, doubtless... but, yet, etc.: cum te togatis omnibus sine dubio anteferret... sed, etc.. Cic. N. D. 1, 21, 58; so with sed, id. de Or, 3, 57; Quint. 1, 6, 38; 5, 10, 53; 6, 3, 64;(ζ).with sed tamen,
id. 12, 6, 7;with tamen,
id. 3, 8, 21; 5, 7, 28; 6, 4, 12;with verum,
id. 8 prooem. § 33;with at,
id. 8, 3, 67;with autem,
id. 1, 6, 12 Spald.—Procul dubio, beyond question, undoubtedly (very rare), Lucr. 3, 638; Liv. 39, 40 fin.; Plin. 18, 21, 50, § 187; and:3.dubio procul,
Lucr. 1, 812; 2, 261.—Meton., like anceps (4), doubtful, dubious, i. e. precarious, dangerous, critical, difficult (freq. but mostly poet.):b.res dubias, egenas, inopiosas consili,
critical condition, Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 2; so,res,
id. Capt. 2, 3, 46; id. Most. 5, 1, 1; Sall. C. 10, 2; 39, 3; id. J. 14, 5; Liv. 2, 50 fin.; Tac. A. 2, 62; Verg. A. 6, 196; 11, 445 al.; cf.pericla (with advorsae res),
Lucr. 3, 55; 1076:tempora (opp. secunda),
Hor. C. 4, 9, 36:mons erat ascensu dubius,
Prop. 4, 4, 83; cf.:quae (loca) dubia nisu videbantur,
Sall. J. 94, 2.—In the neutr. absol. (i. q. discrimen, II. B. 2, and periculum):II.mea quidem hercle certe in dubio vita est,
is in danger, Ter. And. 2, 2, 10 Ruhnk.; Sall. C. 52, 6; cf. Ov. Am. 2, 13, 2:sese suas exercitusque fortunas in dubium non devocaturum,
Caes. B. G. 6, 7, 6; cf. Cic. Caecin. 27, 76:tua fama et gnatae vita in dubium veniet,
Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 42; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 35; Ov. H. 16, 138 Loers.— Plur. as subst.:hinc Italae gentes in dubiis responsa petunt,
Verg. A. 7, 86:mens dubiis percussa pavet,
Luc. 6, 596.For the syn. varius, manifold, various (only in the foll. passages): o multimodis variūm et dubiūm et prosperūm copem diem, Pac. ap. Non. 84, 23 (Trag. Rel. p. 115, ed. Rib.). And so prob. is to be explained dubia cena, a multifarious, richly provided supper, Ter. Ph. 2, 2, 28 (for the subjoined explanation of Terence: ubi tu dubites, quid sumas potissimum, is only outwardly adapted to the meaning of dubius); so,(α).dubia cena,
Hor. S. 2, 2, 77; and:fercula dubiae cenae,
Aus. Mos. 102; Hier. Ep. 22, no. 16.—Hence, adv., in two forms.dŭbĭe (acc. to I. B. 1.), doubtfully, dubiously (not in Plaut., Ter., or Caes.):(β).potest accidere, ut aliquod signum dubie datum pro certo sit acceptum,
Cic. Div. 1, 55.—Esp. freq. (particularly since the Aug. per.) with negatives: haud (rarely non) dubie, undoubtedly, indisputably, positively, certainly:etsi non dubie mihi nuntiabatur Parthos transisse Euphratem, tamen, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 15, 1 (nowhere else as an adv. in Cic.):non dubie,
Quint. 7, 2, 6; 9, 4, 67; Front. Strat. 2, 3, 16; and with sed (cf. dubius, I. B. 2. b. e), Quint. 11, 2, 1; so,too, nec dubie,
Liv. 2, 23 fin.; Quint. 2, 14, 2;and with verum,
id. 3, 4, 1;with sed,
Tac. A. 4, 19 fin.: haud dubie jam victor, [p. 615] Sall. J. 102, 1 (cf. on the contrary in Cic.: sine ulla dubitatione hostis, Phil. 14, 4, 10; cf. Liv. 3, 38; Cic. Cat. 4, 3, 5); so,haud dubie,
Liv. 1, 9; 13; 3, 24; 38; 53; 4, 2; 23; 5, 10 fin.; 33 fin.; 49 fin. et saep. (about 70 times; see the passages in Stuerenb. Cic. Off. p. 138); Quint. 10, 1, 85; Tac. A. 2, 43; 88; id. H. 1, 7; 46; 72; 3, 86; 4, 27 fin.; 80; id. G. 28; Suet. Caes. 55; id. Calig. 9; id. Galb. 2; Vulg. Lev. 13, 43.—dubio = dubie, App. M. 9, 2. -
13 δόναξ
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `pole-reed, what is made of it, shaft of an arrow, pipe' (Il.).Derivatives: δονακεύς `thicket of reeds' (Σ 576 - κῆα, lengthening at verse end?; cf. Boßhardt Die Nom. auf - ευς 21f.), also `bird-catcher' (Opp. K. 1, 73) postverbal to δονακεύομαι `catch birds with a lime-stick' (AP); δονακών `thicket of reeds' (Paus.); δονακήματα αὑλήματα H.; s. Chantr. Form. 178. - δονακώδης `rich in reed' (B.), δονακόεις `id.' (E.), δονάκινος (H. s. κερκίδας; uncertain); δονακῖτις `made of reed', also plant name (AP; Redard Les noms grecs en - της 71, 112, Strömberg Pflanzennamen 36); δονακηδόν `reed-like' (A.D.). (Uncertain Δονάκτας surname of Apollon (Theopomp. Hist. 281), perh. for Δονακίτης (Redard 208).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: The forms δῶναξ (Theoc. 20, 29 beside δόναξ Ep. 2, 3 and Pi. P. 12, 25), δοῦναξ (AP) are explained as `Hyperdialektisierungen' (or, for δοῦναξ, as metrical lengthening, Schulze Q. 205). But this is not an explanation. They are more prob. variants of a Pre-Greek word (see Beekes, Pre-Greek, 6.1 on vowels, where we find ο\/ου and ου\/ω); this is confirmed by - αξ. - Mostly connected with δονέω `shake' (see the parallels in Strömberg Pflanzennamen 76f.), which is most doubtful. The comparison with Latv. duonis `reed' would require a long ō; the vowel of δόναξ would come from δονέω. (Not here Goth. tains `twig' etc.) - δόναξ is also the fish σωλήν (Ath.) - Nehring Glotta 14, 181 considers δόναξ as unGreek.Page in Frisk: 1,409Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > δόναξ
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14 ἔχω
ἔχω (Hom.+) impf. εἶχον, 1 pl. εἴχαμεν and 3 pl. εἶχαν (both as vv.ll.; Mlt-H. 194; B-D-F §82) Mk 8:7; Rv 9:8 or εἴχοσαν (B-D-F §84, 2; Mlt-H. 194; Kühner-Bl. II p. 55) J 15:22, 24; 2 aor. ἔσχον; mixed aor. forms include ἔσχαν Hv 3, 5, 1, ἔσχοσαν 1 Esdr 6:5; 1 Macc 10:15 (ἔσχον, εἴχον vv.ll.); pf. ἔσχηκα; plpf. ἐσχήκειν.—In the following divisions: act. trans. 1–9; act. intr. 10; mid. 11.① to possess or contain, have, own (Hom.+)ⓐ to possess someth. that is under one’s controlα. own, possess (s. esp. TestJob 9f) κτήματα πολλά own much property Mt 19:22; Mk 10:22. πρόβατα Lk 15:4; J 10:16. θησαυρόν Mt 19:21; Mk 10:21b. βίον living Lk 21:4; 1J 3:17. δραχμὰς δέκα Lk 15:8. πλοῖα Rv 18:19. κληρονομίαν Eph 5:5. θυσιαστήριον Hb 13:10a; μέρος ἔ. ἔν τινι have a share in someth. Rv 20:6. Gener. μηδὲν ἔ. own nothing (SibOr 3, 244) 2 Cor 6:10. ὅσα ἔχεις Mk 10:21; cp. 12:44; Mt 13:44, 46; 18:25. τί ἔχεις ὸ̔ οὐκ ἔλαβες; what do you have that you have not been given? 1 Cor 4:7. The obj. acc. is often used w. an adj. or ptc.: ἔ. ἅπαντα κοινά have everything in common Ac 2:44 (cp. Jos., Ant. 15, 18). ἔ. πολλὰ ἀγαθὰ κείμενα have many good things stored up Lk 12:19.—Hb 12:1. Abs. ἔ. have (anything) (Soph.et al.; Sir 13:5; 14:11) Mt 13:12a; Mk 4:25a; Lk 8:18a. ἐκ τοῦ ἔχειν in accordance w. what you have 2 Cor 8:11. ἔ. εἰς ἀπαρτισμόν have (enough) to complete Lk 14:28. W. neg. ἔ. have nothing Mt 13:12b; Mk 4:25b; Lk 8:18b.—ὁ ἔχων the one who has, who is well off (Soph., Aj. 157; Eur., Alc. 57; X., An. 7, 3, 28; Ar. 15:7). πᾶς ὁ ἔχων everyone who has (anything) Mt 25:29a; Lk 19:26a. ὁ μὴ ἔχων the one who has nothing (X., An. 7, 3, 28; 1 Esdr 9:51, 54; 2 Esdr 18:10) Mt 25:29b; Lk 19:26b; 1 Cor 11:22.β. have = hold in one’s charge or keeping ἔ. τὰς κλεῖς hold the keys Rv 1:18; cp. 3:7. τὸ γλωσσόκομον the money-box J 12:6; 13:29.ⓑ to contain someth. have, possess, of the whole in relation to its partsα. of living beings, of parts of the body in men and animals μέλη Ro 12:4a; cp. 1 Cor 12:12. σάρκα καὶ ὀστέα Lk 24:39 (Just., A I, 66, 2 καὶ σάρκα καὶ αἷμα) ἀκροβυστίαν Ac 11:3. οὖς Rv 2:7, 11. ὦτα Mt 11:15; Mk 7:16; Lk 8:8. χεῖρας, πόδας, ὀφθαλμούς Mt 18:8f; Mk 9:43, 45, 47. Of animals and animal-like beings ἔ. πρόσωπον Rv 4:7. πτέρυγας vs. 8. κέρατα 5:6. ψυχάς 8:9. τρίχας 9:8. κεφαλάς 12:3 (TestAbr B 14 p. 118, 19 [Stone p. 84]) al. ἔχοντες ὑγιῆ τὴν σάρκα AcPlCor 2:32 (Just., D. 48, 3 σάρκα ἔχων). Of plants (TestAbr B 3 p. 107, 6 [Stone p. 62] εὗρον δένδρον … ἔχον κλάδους) ῥίζαν ἔ. Mt 13:6; Mk 4:6.β. of inanimate things: of cities τ. θεμελίους ἔ. Hb 11:10; cp. Rv 21:14. Of a head-covering χαρακτῆρα ἔχει βασιλικόν has a royal emblem GJs 2:2.ⓒ to have at hand, have at one’s disposal have ἄρτους Mt 14:17; cp. 15:34; J 21:5, where the sense is prob. ‘Did you catch any fish for breakfast?’. οὐκ ἔχω ὸ̔ παραθήσω αὐτῷ I have nothing to set before him Lk 11:6. μὴ ἐχόντων τί φάγωσι since they had nothing to eat Mk 8:1; cp. Mt 15:32 (Soph., Oed. Col. 316 οὐκ ἔχω τί φῶ). οὐκ ἔχω ποῦ συνάξω I have no place to store Lk 12:17. ἄντλημα a bucket J 4:11a. οἰκίας ἔ. have houses (at one’s disposal) 1 Cor 11:22. Of pers.: have (at one’s disposal) (PAmh 92, 18 οὐχ ἕξω κοινωνόν and oft. in pap) Moses and the prophets Lk 16:29. παράκλητον an advocate, a helper 1J 2:1. οὐδένα ἔ. ἰσόψυχον Phil 2:20. ἄνθρωπον οὐκ ἔ. J 5:7.ⓓ to have within oneself have σύλλημα ἔχει ἐκ πνεύματος ἁγίου she has something conceived through the Holy Spirit GJs 18:1. Var. constr. w. ἐν: of women ἐν γαστρὶ ἔ. be pregnant (γαστήρ 2) Mt 1:18, 23 (Is 7:14); 24:19; Mk 13:17; Lk 21:23; 1 Th 5:3; Rv 12:2. ἔ. τινὰ ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ have someone in one’s heart Phil 1:7 (Ovid, Metam. 2, 641 aliquem clausum pectore habere). ἔ. τι ἐν ἑαυτῷ (Jos., Ant. 8, 171; cp. TestAbr A 3 p. 80, 14 [Stone p. 8] ἔκρυψεν τὸ μυστήριον, μόνος ἔχων ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ): ζωήν J 5:26. τὴν μαρτυρίαν 1J 5:10; τὸ ἀπόκριμα τοῦ θανάτου have a sentence of death within oneself 2 Cor 1:9.ⓔ to have with oneself or in one’s company have μεθʼ ἑαυτοῦ (X., Cyr. 1, 4, 17) τινά someone Mt 15:30; 26:11; Mk 2:19; 14:7; J 12:8; AcPl Ha 8, 35; σὺν αὐτῷ 4:18.—The ptc. w. acc. = with (Diod S 12, 78, 1 ἔχων δύναμιν with a [military] force; 18, 61, 1 ὁ θρόνος ἔχων τὸ διάδημα the throne with the diadem; JosAs 27:8 ἔχοντες ἐσπασμένας τὰς ῥομφαίας ‘with their swords drawn’) ἀνέβησαν ἔχοντες αὐτόν they went up with him Lk 2:42 D.② to stand in a close relationship to someone, have, have asⓐ of relatives πατέρα ἔ. J 8:41. ἀδελφούς Lk 16:28. ἄνδρα (Aristot., Cat. 15b, 27f λεγόμεθα δὲ καὶ γυναῖκα ἔχειν καὶ ἡ γυνὴ ἄνδρα; Tob 3:8 BA) be married (of the woman) J 4:17f; 1 Cor 7:2b, 13; Gal 4:27 (Is 54:1). γυναῖκα of the man (cp. Lucian, Tox. 45; SIG 1160 γυναικὸς Αἴ., τῆς νῦν ἔχει; PGM 13, 320; 1 Esdr 9:12, 18; Just., D. 141, 4 πολλὰς ἔσχον γυναίκας. As early as Od. 11, 603 Heracles ἔχει Ἥβην) 1 Cor 7:2a, 12, 29 (for the wordplay cp. Heliod. 1, 18, 4 in connection w. the handing over of a virgin: σὺ ἔχων οὐκ ἕξεις; Crates, 7th Ep. [p. 58, 8 Malherbe] πάντʼ ἔχοντες οὐδὲν ἔχετε). τέκνα Mt 21:28; 22:24; 1 Ti 3:4; 5:4; Tit 1:6. υἱούς (Artem. 5, 42 τὶς τρεῖς ἔχων υἱούς; cp. θυγατέρα TestAbr B 10 p. 114, 17 [Stone p.76]) Lk 15:11; Gal 4:22. σπέρμα have children Mt 22:25. W. acc. as obj. and in predicate (Ar. 8, 4 τούτους συνηγόρους ἔχοντες τῆς κακίας; 11, 3 ἔσχε μοιχὸν τὸν Ἄρην; Ath. 7, 2 ἔχομεν προφήτας μάρτυρας) ἔ. τινὰ πατέρα have someone as father Mt 3:9. ἔ. τινὰ γυναῖκα (w. γυναῖκα to be understood fr. the context) 14:4; cp. Mk 6:18; ὥστε γυναῖκά τινα τοῦ πατρὸς ἔ. that someone has taken his father’s wife (as his own wife: the simple ἔχειν in this sense as Plut., Cato Min. 21, 3; Appian, Bell. Civ. 3, 10 §34; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 147. Perh. an illicit relationship is meant, as Longus 4, 17; Hesychius Miles. [VI A.D.], Viri Ill. 4 JFlach [1880] ἔχω Λαί̈δα) 1 Cor 5:1 (Diod S 20, 33, 5 of a man who had illicit relations with his stepmother: ἔχειν λάθρᾳ τοῦ πατρὸς τὴν Ἀλκίαν).ⓑ more gener. φίλον have a friend Lk 11:5. ἀσθενοῦντας have sick people Lk 4:40 and χήρας widows 1 Ti 5:16 to care for; παιδαγωγοὺς ἔ. 1 Cor 4:15. δοῦλον Lk 17:7. οἰκονόμον 16:1; κύριον ἔ. have a master, i.e. be under a master’s control Col 4:1; δεσπότην ἔ. 1 Ti 6:2; βασιλέα J 19:15. ἀρχιερέα Hb 4:14; 8:1. ποιμένα Mt 9:36. ἔχων ὑπʼ ἐμαυτὸν στρατιώτας I have soldiers under me Lk 7:8. W. direct obj. and predicate acc. ἔ. τινὰ ὑπηρέτην have someone as an assistant Ac 13:5 (Just., A I, 14, 1) ἔ. τινὰ τύπον have someone as an example Phil 3:17.—Of the relation of Christians to God and to Jesus ἔ. θεόν, τὸν πατέρα, τὸν υἱόν have God, the Father, the Son, i.e. be in communion w. them 1J 2:23; 2J 9; AcPl Ha 4, 7.—HHanse, at end of this entry.③ to take a hold on someth., have, hold (to), gripⓐ of holding someth. in one’s hand ἔ. τι ἐν τῇ χειρί have someth. in one’s hand (since Il. 18, 505) Rv 1:16; 6:5; 10:2; 17:4. Of holding in the hand without ἐν τῇ χειρί (Josh 6:8; JosAs 5:7) ἔ. κιθάραν 5:8. λιβανωτὸν χρυσοῦν 8:3, cp. vs. 6; 14:17 and s. ἀλάβαστρον Mt 26:7 and Mk 14:3.ⓑ of keeping someth. safe, a mina (a laborer’s wages for about three months) in a handkerchief keep safe Lk 19:20.ⓒ of holding fast to matters of transcendent importance, fig. τὴν μαρτυρίαν Rv 6:9; 12:17; 19:10; the secret of Christian piety 1 Ti 3:9; an example of sound teaching 2 Ti 1:13; keep (Diod S 17, 93, 1 τὴν βασιλείαν ἔχειν=keep control) Mk 6:18.ⓓ of states of being hold, hold in its grip, seize (Hom. et al.; PGiss 65a, 4 παρακαλῶ σε κύριέ μου, εἰδότα τὴν ἔχουσάν με συμφορὰν ἀπολῦσαί μοι; Job 21:6; Is 13:8; Jos., Ant. 3, 95 δέος εἶχε τοὺς Ἑβρ.; 5, 63; Just., D. 19, 3) εἶχεν αὐτὰς τρόμος καὶ ἔκστασις trembling and amazement had seized them Mk 16:8.④ to carry/bear as accessory or part of a whole, have on, wear, of clothing, weapons, etc. (Hom. et al.; LXX; TestAbr B p. 114, 22 [Stone p. 76]) τὸ ἔνδυμα Mt 3:4; 22:12 (cp. ἔνδυσιν TestJob 25:7). κατὰ κεφαλῆς ἔχων w. τὶ to be supplied while he wears (a covering) on his head 1 Cor 11:4. ἔ. θώρακας Rv 9:9, 17. ἔ. μάχαιραν wear a sword (Jos., Ant. 6, 190) J 18:10. Sim. of trees ἔ. φύλλα have leaves Mk 11:13 (ApcSed. 8:8).⑤ be in a position to do someth., can, be able, ἔ. w. inf. foll. (Hom. et al.; cp. Eur., Hec. 761; Hdt. 1, 49; Pla., Phd. p. 76d; Demosth., Ep. 2, 22; Theocr. 10, 37 τὸν τρόπον οὐκ ἔχω εἰπεῖν=I cannot specify the manner; Lucian, Dial. Mort. 21, 2, Hermot. 55; Epict. 1, 9, 32; 2, 2, 24 al.; Ael. Aristid. 51, 50 K.=27 p. 546 D.: οὐκ ἔχω λέγειν; PPetr II, 12, 1, 16; PAmh 131, 15; Pr 3:27; ApcEsdr 2:24; 3:7; 6:5; TestAbr A 8, p. 86, 13 [Stone p. 20]; Jos., Ant. 1, 338; 2, 58; Just., A I, 19, 5, D. 4, 6 οὐκ ἔχω εἰπεῖν) ἔ. ἀποδοῦναι be able to pay Mt 18:25a; Lk 7:42; 14:14. μὴ ἔ. περισσότερον τι ποιῆσαι be in a position to do nothing more 12:4. οὐδὲν ἔ. ἀντειπεῖν be able to make a reply Ac 4:14; cp. Tit 2:8. ἔ. κατηγορεῖν αὐτοῦ J 8:6 (cp. 9a below, end). ἀσφαλές τι γράψαι οὐκ ἔχω I have nothing definite to write Ac 25:26a; cp. 26b. ἔ. μεταδιδόναι Eph 4:28a. ἔ. τὴν τούτων μνήμην ποιεῖσθαι be able to recall these things to mind 2 Pt 1:15. κατʼ οὐδενὸς εἶχεν μείζονος ὀμόσαι he could swear by no one greater Hb 6:13. In the same sense without the actual addition of the inf., which is automatically supplied fr. context (X., An. 2, 1, 9) ὸ̔ ἔσχεν (i.e. ποιῆσαι) ἐποίησεν she has done what she could Mk 14:8.⑥ to have an opinion about someth., consider, look upon, view w. acc. as obj. and predicate acc. (POxy 292, 6 [c. 25 A.D.] ἔχειν αὐτὸν συνεσταμένον=look upon him as recommended; 787 [16 A.D.]; PGiss 71, 4; Job 30:9; Ps.-Clem., Hom. 16, 19; Ath. 32, 3 τοὺς μὲν υἱοὺς … νοοῦμεν, τοὺς δὲ ἀδελφούς ἔχομεν) ἔχε με παρῃτημένον consider me excused (= don’t expect me to come) Lk 14:18b, 19 (cp. Martial 2, 79 excusatum habeas me). τινὰ ἔντιμον ἔ. hold someone in honor Phil 2:29. ἔ. τινὰ ὡς προφήτην consider someone a prophet Mt 14:5; 21:26, 46 v.l. (cp. GNicod 5 [=Acta Pilati B 5 p. 297 Tdf.] ἔχειν [Jannes and Jambres] ὡς θεούς; Just., D. 47, 5 τὸν μετανοοῦντα … ὡς δίκαιον καὶ ἀναμάρτητον ἔχει). ἔ. τινὰ εἰς προφήτην consider someone a prophet Mt 21:46 (cp. Duris [III B.C.]: 76 Fgm. 21 Jac. ὸ̔ν εἰς θεοὺς ἔχουσιν). εἶχον τ. Ἰωάννην ὄντως ὅτι προφήτης ἦν they thought that John was really a prophet Mk 11:32.⑦ to experience someth., have (freq. in auxiliary capacity CTurner, JTS 28, 1927, 357–60)ⓐ of all conditions of body and soul (Hom. et al.; LXX)α. of illness, et al. (ApcMos 6 νόσον καὶ πόνον ἔχω; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 305) ἀσθενείας have sicknesses/diseases Ac 28:9. μάστιγας physical troubles Mk 3:10. πληγὴν τῆς μαχαίρης Rv 13:14. θλῖψιν J 16:33b; 1 Cor 7:28; Rv 2:10. Esp. of possession by hostile spirits: δαιμόνιον ἔ. be possessed by an evil spirit Mt 11:18; Lk 7:33; 8:27; J 7:20; 8:48f, 52; 10:20. Βεελζεβούλ Mk 3:22. πνεῦμα ἀκάθαρτον vs. 30; 7:25; Ac 8:7. πνεῦμα δαιμονίου ἀκαθάρτου Lk 4:33. πνεῦμα πονηρόν Ac 19:13. πνεῦμα ἄλαλον Mk 9:17. πνεῦμα ἀσθενείας spirit of sickness Lk 13:11. τὸν λεγιῶνα (the evil spirit called) Legion Mk 5:15.β. gener. of conditions, characteristics, capabilities, emotions, inner possession: ἀγάπην ἔ. have love (cp. Diod S 3, 58, 3 φιλίαν ἔχειν; Just., D. 93, 4 φιλίαν ἢ ἀγάπην ἔχοντε) J 5:42; 13:35; 15:13; 1J 4:16; 1 Cor 13:1ff; 2 Cor 2:4; Phil 2:2; 1 Pt 4:8. ἀγνωσίαν θεοῦ fail to know God 1 Cor 15:34. ἁμαρτίαν J 9:41; 15:22a. ἀσθένειαν Hb 7:28. γνῶσιν 1 Cor 8:1, 10 (Just., A II, 13, 1; D. 28, 4). ἐλπίδα Ac 24:15; Ro 15:4; 2 Cor 3:12; 10:15; Eph 2:12; 1J 3:3 (Ath. 33, 1). ἐπιθυμίαν Phil 1:23. ἐπιποθίαν Ro 15:23b; ζῆλον ἔ. have zeal Ro 10:2. Have jealousy Js 3:14. θυμόν Rv 12:12. λύπην (ApcMos 3 p. 2, 16 Tdf.) J 16:21f; 2 Cor 2:3; Phil 2:27; μνείαν τινὸς ἔ. remember someone 1 Th 3:6. παρρησίαν Phlm 8; Hb 10:19; 1J 2:28; 3:21; 4:17; 5:14. πεποίθησιν 2 Cor 3:4; Phil 3:4. πίστιν Mt 17:20; 21:21; Mk 4:40; Ac 14:9; Ro 14:22; 1 Cor 13:2; 1 Ti 1:19 al. (Just., A I, 52, 1). προφητείαν have the gift of prophecy 1 Cor 13:2. σοφίαν (X., Mem. 2, 3, 10) Rv 17:9. συνείδησιν ἁμαρτιῶν Hb 10:2. καλὴν συνείδησιν 13:18; ἀγαθὴν ς. 1 Ti 1:19; 1 Pt 3:16; ἀπρόσκοπον ς. Ac 24:16; ὑπομονήν Rv 2:3. φόβον 1 Ti 5:20. χαράν Phlm 7. χάριν ἔ. τινί be grateful to someone Lk 17:9; 1 Ti 1:12; 2 Ti 1:3; σιγὴν ἔ. be silent Hs 9, 11, 5. ἀνάγκην ἔσχον I felt it necessary Jd 3 (HKoskenniemi, Studien zur Idee und Phraseologie des Griechischen Briefes bis 400 n. Chr. ’56, 78–87).γ. of advantages, benefits, or comforts that one enjoys: ἔ. τὰ αἰτήματα to have been granted the requests 1J 5:15; ἀνάπαυσιν ἔ. have rest Rv 4:8; 14:11; ἀπόλαυσιν τινος ἔ. enjoy someth. Hb 11:25. βάθος γῆς Mt 13:5b; Mk 4:5b; γῆν πολλήν Mt 13:5a; Mk 4:5a. τὴν προσέλευσιν τὴν πρὸς τὸν κύριον AcPl Ha 8, 22f; εἰρήνην Ro 5:1. ἐλευθερίαν Gal 2:4. S. ἐξουσία, ἐπαγγελία, ἔπαινος, ζωή, ἰκμάς, καιρός, καρπός, καύχημα, καύχησις, λόγος, μισθός, νοῦς, πνεῦμα, προσαγωγή, πρόφασις, τιμή, χάρις (=favor), χάρισμα.δ. of a sense of obligation in regard to someth.—W. dir. object have = have someth. over one, be under someth.: ἀνάγκην ἔχειν be under necessity 1 Cor 7:37a; w. inf. foll. have a need (ἀνάγκη 1) Lk 14:18; 23:16 v.l.; Hb 7:27; χρείαν ἔ. be in need abs. Eph 4:28b; τινός need someth. (Aeschyl. et al.; SIG 333, 20; 421, 35 al.; PPetr III, 42 G 9, 7 [III B.C.] ἐάν τινος χρείαν ἔχῃς; Ath. 13, 2 ποίας ἔτι χρείαν ἑκατόμβης ἔχει;) Mt 6:8; 9:12a; Mk 11:3; Lk 19:31, 34; J 13:29; 1 Cor 12:21; Hb 10:36 al.; w. inf. foll. (TestSol 13:2) Mt 3:14; 14:16; J 13:10; 1 Th 1:8; 4:9; 5:1. νόμον J 19:7. ἐπιταγήν 1 Cor 7:25. ἐντολήν (SIG 559, 9 ἔ. τὰς ἰντολάς; 1 Esdr 4:52; 2 Macc 3:13; Jos., Bell. 1, 261) Hb 7:5; 1J 2:7; 4:21; 2J 5; cp. J 14:21. διακονίαν 2 Cor 4:1. ἀγῶνα Phil 1:30; Col 2:1. πρᾶξιν Ro 12:4b. ἔγκλημα Ac 23:29. κόλασιν ApcPt Bodl. (ApcEsdr 1:22 p. 25, 17 Tdf.).ε. of a sense of inevitability in respect to some action.—W. inf. foll. one must (Ps.-Callisth. 2, 1, 3 καθαιρεθῆναι ἔχεις=you must be deposed; Porphyr., Against the Christians 63 Harnack [ABA 1916] παθεῖν; Gen 18:31; Jos., Ant. 19, 348 τοῦ τεθνάναι; TestSol 5:12 σίδηρα ἔχεις φορέσαι; TestAbr A 18 p. 100, 22 [Stone p. 48] τοῦ βίου τοῦτου ἀπαλλάξαι εἶχες; Just., D. 51, 2 ἔργῳ πεισθήναι ὑμῶν ἐχόντων) βάπτισμα ἔχω βαπτισθῆναι I must undergo a baptism Lk 12:50. ἔχω σοί τι εἰπεῖν I have someth. to say to you (Lucian, Philops. 1 ἔχεις μοι εἰπεῖν. Without dat. Aelian, VH 2, 23; Jos., Ant. 16, 312) 7:40. καινόν σοι θέαμα ἔχω ἐξηγήσασθαι I have a wonderful new thing to tell you=‘I must tell you about something wonderful that I’ve just seen’ GJs 19:3. ἀπαγγεῖλαι Ac 23:17, 19; cp. vs. 18. πολλὰ γράφειν 2J 12; 3J 13.ⓑ of temporal circumstances w. indications of time and age: πεντήκοντα ἔτη οὔπω ἔχεις you are not yet fifty years old J 8:57 (cp. Jos., Ant. 1, 198). τριάκοντα κ. ὀκτὼ ἔτη ἔχων ἐν τῇ ἀσθενείᾳ αὐτοῦ who had been sick for 38 years 5:5 (Cyranides p. 63, 25 πολὺν χρόνον ἔχων ἐν τῇ ἀρρωστίᾳ. W. cardinal numeral TestJob 26:1 δέκα ἑπτὰ ἔτη ἔχω ἐν ταῖς πληγαῖς; POxy 1862, 17 τέσσαρες μῆνας ἔχει. Mirac. S. Georgii 44, 7 [JAufhauser 1913] ἔσχεν … ἔτη ἑπτά); cp. Mt 9:20 v.l. τέσσαρας ἡμέρας ἔ. ἐν τῷ μνημείῳ have lain in the grave for four days J 11:17 (Jos., Ant. 7, 1 αὐτοῦ δύο ἡμέρας ἔχοντος ἐν τῇ Σεκέλλᾳ). πολὺν χρόνον ἔ. be (somewhere or in a certain condition) for a long time 5:6. ἡλικίαν ἔχειν be of age (Pla., Euthyd. 32, 306d; Plut., Mor. 547a; BGU 168 τοῖς ἀτελέσι ἔχουσι τὴν ἡλικίαν) 9:21, 23. τέλος ἔχειν have an end, be at an end (Lucian, Charon 17; UPZ 81 III, 20 [II A.D.] τέλος ἔχει πάντα; Ar. 4:2 ἀρχὴν καὶ τέλος) Mk 3:26; Lk 22:37 (on the latter pass. s. τέλος 2); cp. Hb 7:3.⑧ as connective marker, to have or include in itself, bring about, cause w. acc. (Hom. et al.; Wsd 8:16) of ὑπομονή: ἔργον τέλειον Js 1:4. Of πίστις: ἔργα 2:17. Of φόβος: κόλασιν 1J 4:18. Of παρρησία: μεγάλην μισθαποδοσίαν Hb 10:35. Of πολυτέλεια: λύπην, χαράν Hs 1, 10. ἐσχάτην εὐλογίαν, ἥτις διαδοχὴν οὐκ ἔχει ultimate blessing, which has no successor GJs 6:2.⑨ special combinationsⓐ w. prep. ἐν: τὸν θεὸν ἔ. ἐν ἐπιγνώσει acknowledge God Ro 1:28 (cp. ἐν ὀργῇ ἔ. τινά=‘be angry at someone’, Thu. 2, 18, 5; 2, 21, 3; ἐν ὀρρωδίᾳ ἔ. τ. 2, 89, 1; ἐν ἡδονῇ ἔ. τ.=‘be glad to see someone’ 3, 9, 1; ἐν εὐνοίᾳ ἔ. Demosth. 18, 167). ἐν ἑτοίμῳ ἔ. 2 Cor 10:6 (ἕτοιμος b). ἐν ἐμοὶ οὐκ ἔχει οὐδέν he has no hold on me J 14:30 (Appian, Bell. Civ. 3, 32 §125 ἔχειν τι ἔν τινι=have someth. [hope of safety] in someone). κατά τινος: on 1 Cor 11:4 s. above 4. ἔ. τι κατά τινος have someth. against someone Mt 5:23; Mk 11:25; w. ὅτι foll. Rv 2:14. ἔ. κατά τινος w. sim. mng. Hm 2:2; Hs 9, 23, 2; w. ὅτι foll. Rv 2:4, 20. ἔ. τινὰ κατὰ πρόσωπον meet someone face to face Ac 25:16. μετά: ἔ. τι μετά τινος have someth. w. someone κρίματα lawsuits 1 Cor 6:7. περί: ἔ. περί τινος have (a word, a reference, an explanation) about someth. B 12:1; with adv. τελείως 10:10. πρός τινα have someth. against someone (Ps.-Callisth. 2, 21, 21 ὅσον τις ὑμῶν ἔχει πρὸς ἕτερον) Ac 24:19. ζητήματα ἔ. πρός τινα have differences w. someone (on points in question) 25:19. λόγον ἔ. πρός τινα 19:38. πρᾶγμα (=Lat. causa, ‘lawsuit’: BGU 19 I, 5; 361 II, 4) ἔ. πρός τινα (POxy 743, 19 [2 B.C.] εἰ πρὸς ἄλλους εἶχον πρᾶγμα; BGU 22:8) 1 Cor 6:1. ἵνα ἔχωσιν κατηγορίαν αὐτοῦ J 8:4 D (cp. 5 above). πρός τινα ἔ. μομφήν have a complaint against someone Col 3:13.ⓑ τοῦτο ἔχεις ὅτι you have this (in your favor), that Rv 2:6. ἔ. ὁδόν be situated (a certain distance) away (cp. Peripl. Eryth. 37: Ὡραία ἔχουσα ὁδὸν ἡμερῶν ἑπτὰ ἀπὸ θαλάσσης) of the Mt. of Olives ὅ ἐστιν ἐγγὺς Ἰερουσαλὴμ σαββάτου ἔχον ὁδόν Ac 1:12.—ἴδε ἔχεις τὸ σόν here you have what is yours Mt 25:25. ἔχετε κουστωδίαν there you have a guard (=you can have a guard) 27:65 (cp. POxy 33 III, 4).⑩ to be in some state or condition, act. intr. (spatially: Ath. 25, 1 οἱ ἄγγελοι … περὶ τόν ἀέρα ἔχοντες καὶ τὴν γῆν) w. adv. (Hom. et al.; ins, pap, LXX).ⓐ impers. it is, the situation is (Himerius, Or. 48 [=Or. 14], 10 πῶς ὑμῖν ἔχειν ταῦτα δοκεῖ; =how does this situation seem to you? Just., D. 3, 5 τὸ … ὡσαύτως ἀεὶ ἔχων) ἄλλως 1 Ti 5:25. οὕτως (Antig. Car. 20; Cebes 4, 1; POxy 294, 11 [22 A.D.] εἰ ταῦτα οὕτως ἔχει; TestSol 20:8; Jos., Ant. 15, 261; Just., D. 3:5 οὐχ οὕτως ἔχει) Ac 7:1; 12:15; 17:11; 24:9. τὸ καλῶς ἔχον what is right 1 Cl 14:2 (Michel 543, 12 [c. 200 B.C.] καλῶς ἔχον ἐστὶ τιμᾶσθαι τοὺς εὔνους ἄνδρας). τὸ νῦν ἔχον for the present Ac 24:25 (cp. Plut., Mor. 749a; Lucian, Anachars. 40, Catapl. 13 τὸ δὲ νῦν ἔχον μὴ διάτριβε; Tob 7:11).ⓑ pers. be (in a certain way) πῶς ἔχουσιν how they are Ac 15:36 (cp. Gen 43:27; Jos., Ant. 4, 112). ἑτοίμως ἔ. be ready, hold oneself in readiness w. inf. foll. (BGU 80, 17 [II A.D.] ἡ Σωτηρία ἑτοίμως ἔχουσα καταγράψαι; Da 3:15 LXX; Jos., Ant. 13, 6; Just., D. 50, 1) 21:13; 2 Cor 12:14; 1 Pt 4:5. Also ἐν ἑτοίμῳ ἔ. 2 Cor 10:6 (s. ἕτοιμος b end). εὖ ἔ. be well-disposed πρός τινα toward someone Hs 9, 10, 7 (cp. Demosth. 9, 63 ἥδιον ἔχειν πρός τινα; SIG 1094, 4 φιλανθρώπως ἔχει πρὸς πάντας). κακῶς ἔ. be sick (Aristoph. et al.; POxy 935, 15; Ezk 34:4) Mt 4:24; 8:16; 9:12b; 17:15 v.l. (see πάσχω 2). καλῶς ἔ. be well, healthy (Epict. 1, 11, 4; PGen 54, 8; PFlor 230, 24) Mk 16:18; ἐσχάτως ἔ. (s. ἐσχάτως) 5:23; κομψότερον ἔ. feel better (κομψῶς ἔ.: Epict. 2, 18, 14; 3, 10, 13; PParis 18; PTebt 414, 10 ἐὰν κομψῶς σχῶ) J 4:52.⑪ to be closely associated, in a variety of renderings, hold fast, be next to, be next, mid. (Hom. et al.) in NT only ptc.ⓐ of proper situation or placement, esp. of inner belonging hold fast, cling to. The ‘to’ of belonging and the ‘with’ of association are expressed by the gen. (Theognis 1, 32 ἀεὶ τῶν ἀγαθῶν ἔχεο=ever hold fast to the good people; X., Oec. 6, 1; Pla., Leg. 7, 811d; Lucian, Hermot. 69 ἐλπίδος οὐ μικρᾶς ἐχόμενα λέγεις; Sallust. 14 p. 26, 24 τ. θεῶν; Philo, Agr. 101 τὰ ἀρετῆς ἐχόμενα; Jos., Ant. 10, 204 οὐδὲν ἀνθρωπίνης σοφίας ἐχόμενον, C. Ap. 1, 83 παλαιᾶς ἱστορίας ἐχόμενον; Just., A I, 68, 1 λόγου καὶ ἀληθείας ἔχεσθαι; Tat. 33, 1 μανίας ἔχεται πολλῆς; Ath., R. 48, 3 λόγῳ … ἀληθείας ἐχομένῳ) τὰ ἐχόμενα σωτηρίας things that belong to salvation Hb 6:9.ⓑ of proximityα. spatial, to be next to someth: ἐχόμενος neighboring (Isocr. 4, 96 νῆσος; Hdt. 1, 134 al. οἱ ἐχόμενοι=‘the neighbors’; Diod S 5, 15, 1; Appian, Bell. Civ. 2, 71 §294; Arrian, Peripl. 7, 2; PParis 51, 5 and oft. in pap; 1 Esdr 4:42; Jos., Ant. 6, 6 πρὸς τὰς ἐχομένας πόλεις; 11, 340) κωμοπόλεις Mk 1:38.β. temporal, to be next, immediately following (Thu. 6, 3, 2 τ. ἐχομένου ἔτους al.; SIG 800, 15; PRev 34, 20; PAmh 49, 4; PTebt 124, 43; LXX) τῇ ἐχομένῃ (sc. ἡμέρᾳ, as Polyb. 3, 112, 1; 5, 13, 9; 2 Macc 12:39; Jos., Ant. 6, 235; 7, 18 al.; cp. εἰς τὴν ἐχομένην [i.e. ἡμέραν] PMich 173, 16 [III B.C.]) on the next day Lk 13:33 (v.l. ἐρχομένῃ); Ac 20:15; w. ἡμέρᾳ added (PAmh 50, 17) 21:26. τῷ ἐχομένῳ σαββάτῳ 13:44 v.l. (for ἐρχομένῳ; cp. 1 Macc 4:28, where the witnesses are similarly divided).—On the whole word HHanse, ‘Gott Haben’ in d. Antike u. im frühen Christentum ’39.—B. 641; 740. EDNT. M-M. TW. Sv. -
15 करभः _karabhḥ
करभः [कॄ-अभच् Uṇ.3.122; करे-भाति भा-क Tv.]1 The back of the hand from the wrist to the root of the fingers; metacarpus, as in करभोपमोरूः R.6.83; see करभोरू below.-2 The trunk of an elephant.-3 A young elephant.-4 A young camel; उष्ट्री च करभश्चेति Mbh. on P.I.2.66. पृथ्वीरजः करभकण्ठकडारमाशाः (संविव्युः) Śi.5.3.-5 A camel in general.-6 A kind of perfume.-7 The hip.-भी A she camel.-Comp. -ऊरूः f. a lady whose thighs resemble the back of the fore-arm; अङ्के निधाय करभोरु यथासुखं ते Ś.3.2; Śi.1.69; Amaru.71; or (according to another explanation), whose thighs resemble the trunk of an elephant; cf. Ku.1.36. -
16 Adoreus
1. I.Adj.:II.far adoreum = ador,
Cato, R. R. 83; Varr. R. R. 1, 9, 4; Col. 11, 2, 74 sq.:semen,
Cato, R. R. 34; Col. 2, 6, 1:liba,
Verg. A. 7, 109:bellaria,
Stat. S. 1, 6, 10.—Subst.A.ădōrĕa (adoria, Paul. ex Fest. p. 3 Müll.; see below), ae, f. (sc. donatio), a reward of valor (in early ages this usually consisted of grain); hence, trop., glory, fame, renown:B. 2.gloriam denique ipsam a farris honore adoream appellabant,
Plin. 18, 3, 3, § 14; id. 8, 9, 19, § 83:praedā agroque adoreāque affecit populares suos,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 38: pulcher fugatis Ille dies Latio tenebris, Qui primus almā risit adoreā, in lordly honor, viz. by the defeat of Hasdrubal, Hor. C. 4, 4, 41. (Festus gives another explanation for the signif. honor, renown, etc.:adoriam laudem sive gloriam dicebant, quia gloriosum eum putabant esse, qui farris copia abundaret,
Fest. p. 3 Müll.). —Adorĕus, i, m., a mountain of Galatia, in the neighborhood of Pessinus, with the source of the river Sangarius, now Elmah Dagh, Liv. 38, 18, 8. -
17 adoreus
1. I.Adj.:II.far adoreum = ador,
Cato, R. R. 83; Varr. R. R. 1, 9, 4; Col. 11, 2, 74 sq.:semen,
Cato, R. R. 34; Col. 2, 6, 1:liba,
Verg. A. 7, 109:bellaria,
Stat. S. 1, 6, 10.—Subst.A.ădōrĕa (adoria, Paul. ex Fest. p. 3 Müll.; see below), ae, f. (sc. donatio), a reward of valor (in early ages this usually consisted of grain); hence, trop., glory, fame, renown:B. 2.gloriam denique ipsam a farris honore adoream appellabant,
Plin. 18, 3, 3, § 14; id. 8, 9, 19, § 83:praedā agroque adoreāque affecit populares suos,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 38: pulcher fugatis Ille dies Latio tenebris, Qui primus almā risit adoreā, in lordly honor, viz. by the defeat of Hasdrubal, Hor. C. 4, 4, 41. (Festus gives another explanation for the signif. honor, renown, etc.:adoriam laudem sive gloriam dicebant, quia gloriosum eum putabant esse, qui farris copia abundaret,
Fest. p. 3 Müll.). —Adorĕus, i, m., a mountain of Galatia, in the neighborhood of Pessinus, with the source of the river Sangarius, now Elmah Dagh, Liv. 38, 18, 8. -
18 haece
hīc, haec, hoc ( gen. hujus, monosyl., Plaut. Am. prol. 51; 96; 1, 1, 115; dat. huic, Sidon. Carm. 7, 145; Avien. Descr. Orb. 22; dat. sing. fem. hae rei, Cato, R. R. 14, 3; acc. HONC for hunc, C. I. L. 1, 32; nom. plur. hic, Enn. ap. Philarg. ad Verg. G. 4, 230 = Ann. v. 414 Vahl.; Varr. L. L. 6, § 73 Mull.; fem. haec, v. infra, B. init.; dat. and abl. hibus, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 20; cf. Varr. L. L. 8, § 78 Mull.; v. Neue, Formenl. 2, p. 203 sqq.), pron. demonstr. [from the pronom. root i (whence also comes is), with the demonstr. suffix ce ] points to something near or present, or which is conceived of as present, this.(α).With subst.:(β).hic homo sanus non est,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 246:rapidus fluvius est hic, non hac temere transiri potest... apud hunc fluvium, etc.,
id. Bacch. 1, 1, 53:quid praeclarum putet in rebus humanis, qui haec deorum regna perspexerit? etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 17:genus hoc,
id. ib. 1, 25:hoc avunculo, atque in hac tam clara re publica natus,
id. ib. 1, 19; cf.:quorum singuli saluti huic civitati fuerunt, et qui sunt procul ab aetatis hujus memoria,
id. ib. 1, 1:his libris,
id. ib. 1, 7:hae feriae,
id. ib. 1, 9; 1, 20; cf.:hoc otio,
id. ib. 9 fin.:haec caelestia vel studiosissime solet quaerere,
id. ib. 1, 10:ad haec cituma,
id. ib. 1, 21:hic vir,
Liv. 7, 39, 12.—Absol. (cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 520):B.hic insidiantes vigilant, Enn. l. l.: hi domum me ad se auferent,
Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 94: non mihi videtur, quod hi venerunt, alius nobis sermo esse quaerendus, sed agendum accuratius, et dicendum dignum aliquid horum auribus, Cic. Rep. 1, 13:feceris (ut etiam pro his dicam) nobis gratum omnibus,
id. ib. 1, 21 fin.:hoc ubi Amphitruo erus conspicatus est, etc.,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 87:docere hoc poterat ille homines paene agrestes, et apud imperitos audebat haec dicere,
Cic. Rep. 1, 15:dixerat hoc ille, cum, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 12:haec Scipio cum dixisset,
id. ib. 1, 11:haec plurimis a me verbis dicta sunt, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 7.—More emphatic, in the original full form, hīce, haece, hōce (not, as formerly written, hicce, haecce, hocce; in gen. sing. HVIVSQVE; in nom. plur. hisce, like ieis = ei, and ques = qui, see below; and apocopated in nom. plur. fem. haec for haece, and in gen. plur. horunc, harunc, for horunce, harunce);C.and, with the interrogative particle, hicine, haecine, hocine (mostly ante - class.): hoce haud dubium est quin, etc.,
Ter. And. 2, 3, 17:eum hinc profugiens vendidit in Alide Patri hujusce,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 10; so,hujusce,
id. Poen. prol. 120; 5, 4, 76; 87; cf.:atque hujusce rei judicium jam continuo video futurum,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 47:hisce homines ubi habitent,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 36; v. Ritschl ad h. l.; so,hisce,
id. Ps. 1, 5, 125; id. Capt. prol. 35 Fleck.; id. Rud. 2, 1, 5 ib., and perh. also id. Mil. 4, 8, 24 (Ritschl, hice): hice, Att. ap. Non. 15, 29 (Trag. Rel. v. 122 Rib.); Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 38:haec aedes,
Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 53; 3, 1, 117; so,haec sunt atque aliae multae in magnis dotibus Incommoditates,
id. Aul. 3, 5, 58:haec (puellae),
Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 34:haec sententiae,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 11, 22; 3, 34, 84; Lucr. 3, 601; Verg. G. 3, 305; cf. Bentl. Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 24:aliut posticum harunce aedium,
Plaut. Stich. 3, 1, 41; cf.:harunc aedium,
id. Most. 2, 1, 57:sine opera tua nihil di horunc facere possunt,
id. Cist. 1, 1, 53:horunc,
id. Poen. 3, 1, 48; Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 97; id. Phorm. 3, 2, 33:cedo signum, si harunc Baccharum es,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 25:harunc aedium,
id. Merc. 5, 1, 3:hisce ego Placidum ted hodie reddam,
id. Curc. 5, 3, 48; cf.:quid dicam hisce, incertus sum,
Ter. Hec. 3, 4, 36:tu ab hisce rebus animum avoca,
Sulp. in Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 5; so,hisce,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 7, 13; id. Most. 1, 3, 81; 1, 4, 23; 2, 2, 71; 4, 2, 35 et saep.: Thr. Tu hosce instrue. Gn Illuc est sapere! ut hosce instruxit, Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 11; so,hosce,
id. ib. 1, 2, 71; id. Heaut. 3, 2, 3; 4, 5, 4; id. Ad. 5, 7, 5; id. Phorm. 4, 3, 4:apud hasce aedes,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 194; so,hasce,
id. As. 2, 3, 1; id. Aul. 2, 4, 2; 2, 8, 15; id. Capt. 4, 2, 51; id. Bacch. 4, 6, 17 et saep.—With the interrog. particle: hicin' Achilles est?
Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 61; so,hicinest?
id. Pers. 5, 2, 49; cf.:hicine vir patriae natus usquam nisi in patria morietur?
Cic. Mil. 38, 104 et saep.:haecine,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 206; id. Ep. 4, 2, 5; 5, 1, 15; id. Pers. 4, 3, 75; Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 5; id. Phorm. 5, 8, 24:huncine hominem,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 68; cf.:huncine hominem! hancine impudentiam! judices, hanc audaciam!
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 25, § 62:hocine hic pacto potest Inhibere imperium magister?
Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 43:o Juppiter, hoscine mores!
Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 40:hacine victoria sola aut hac praeda contenti estis futuri,
Liv. 10, 17, 5; Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 3;so in the shorter form, hicne,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 48, 141:ex hocne equo,
id. Fat. 3, 5:cum hocne,
id. Att. 9, 7, 3:ex hacne natura,
id. Tusc. 1, 25, 62: haece locutus, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4 (Ann. v. 239 Vahl.) al.—So, Fortuna hujusce diei, as a particular deity, Cic. Leg. 2, 11, 28; Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 54;in inscrr. also written HVIVSQVE DIEI,
Inscr. Orell. 5; cf.:HVIVSQ. LOCI,
id. ib. 1580; 2300;and HOIVSQVE AEDIS ERGO,
id. ib. 2488.—With other pronouns:D.hos eosdem motus perturbationes dixerimus,
Cic. Tusc. 3, 4, 7; cf.:cum idem hoc visum diceretur,
id. Rep. 1, 14:hoc idem fit in reliquis civitatibus,
Caes. B. G. 7, 15, 2; id. B. C. 1, 74, 5; Quint. 8, 4, 17:haec eadem centurionibus tribunisque militum mandabant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 17 fin.:haec eadem genera,
Quint. 6, 3, 54:hoc ipsum civile jus,
Cic. Rep. 1, 2:sed hoc ipsum ex superiore pendet quaestione,
Quint. 2, 1, 8; 8, 3, 45:ad hunc eum ipsum,
Cic. Ac. 1, 1, 2 Goer. N. cr.; cf.:idem hoc ipsum,
id. Tusc. 5, 9, 26:huic illi legato,
id. Fl. 22, 52:hunc illum fatis Portendi generum,
Verg. A. 7, 255; cf.:hic est enim ille vultus semper idem, quem, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 3, 15, 31:hic est ille status quantitatis,
Quint. 7, 4, 15: haec est illa, quae deinôsis vocatur, id. 6, 2, 24:hujus istius facti stultitia,
Cic. Rab. Post. 9, 24:ista haec epigrammata,
Sid. Ep. 2, 10: hunc talem virum, Cic. fil. ap. Cic. Fam. 16, 21, 3:callidum quendam hunc,
Cic. de Or. 1, 50, 218.—Opp. to ille, iste, less freq. to hic, alter, alius, etc., this, the latter, to indicate the nearer object (which is to be determined not so much by the phraseology as by the thought; so that hic may refer to that noun whose position in the sentence is the more remote, but which is the most closely connected with the speaker, and of the most importance to him, in which case it is to be rendered by that, the former, etc.):2.ejusdem esse, qui in illa re peccarit, hoc quoque admisisse,
Cic. Inv. 2, 16, 50:in his undis et tempestatibus ad summam senectutem maluit jactari, quam in illa tranquillitate atque otio jucundissime vivere,
id. Rep. 1, 1:si deerunt haec remedia, ad illa declinandum est,
Quint. 7, 2, 30:cum hic testamento, ille proximitate nitatur,
id. 3, 6, 95:in his judicem sibi, in illis alii credere,
id. 5, 7, 33:haec pars perorationis accusatori patronoque ex aequo communis est. Affectibus quoque iisdem fere utuntur: sed varius hic, ille saepius ac magis,
id. 6, 1, 8; cf. id. 6, 2, 12; 17:cum tu ista caelestia de Scipione quaesieris, ego autem haec, quae videntur ante oculos, esse magis putem quaerenda,
Cic. Rep. 1, 19; id. Fam. 2, 11, 1:iisdem enim hic sapiens, de quo loquor, oculis, quibus iste vester, caelum, terram, mare intuebitur,
id. Ac. 2, 33, 105:si hoc loco scripsisset, isto verbo usus non esset, non isto loco verbum istud collocasset,
id. Inv. 2, 41, 121:has igitur tot sententias ut omittamus, haec nunc videamus, quae diu multumque defensa sunt,
id. Ac. 2, 42, 130:Caesar facile diceret: Hic versus Plauti non est, hic est,
this... that, id. Fam. 9, 16, 4:ego hoc dico. adversarius hoc,
Quint. 4, 4, 8:vendidit hic auro patriam... Hic thalamum invasit natae,
Verg. A. 6, 621 sq.:hi molium objectus, hi proximas scaphas scandere,
Tac. A. 14, 8:quid responsuri sint adversarii his et his... cum sciret haec et haec,
Quint. 6, 1, 3 sq.:interim quaeritur: hoc an hoc? furtum an sacrilegium?
id. 7, 3, 9:alter (Roscius) plurimarum palmarum vetus ac nobilis gladiator habetur, hic autem nuper se ad eum lanistam contulit,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 6, 17:occupat hic collem, cymba sedet alter adunca,
Ov. M. 1, 293.—Referring to that which in the speaker's mind is the nearer object, although by the position of the words it is the more remote: quam ob rem cave Catoni anteponas ne istum quidem ipsum, quem Apollo sapientissimum judicavit (i. e. Socratem): Hujus enim (i. e. Catonis, of the former) facta, illius (i. e. Socratis) dicta laudantur, Cic. Lael. 2, 10; id. Rosc. Com. 2, 7:E.hanc posteriorem (artem) et Stoici et Peripatetici, priorem autem illi (i. e. Peripatetici) egregie tradiderunt, hi (i. e. Stoici) ne attigerunt quidem,
id. Fin. 4, 4, 10:hoc Cicero atque Asinius certatim sunt usi: pro Scauro hic, ille pro filio,
Quint. 6, 1, 21; 3, 10, 1:melior tutiorque est certa pax quam sperata victoria: haec in tua, illa in deorum manu est,
the former... the latter, Liv. 30, 30, 19:quocumque aspicio, nihil est, nisi pontus et aer: Fluctibus hic tumidus, nubibus ille minax,
Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 24; id. M. 1, 697.—In the neutr. sing. subst., with gen.:F.quid hoc hominist?
Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 26; cf. Ter. Eun. 3, 4, 8:quid hoc morbi est?
id. ib. 2, 1, 19:quid hoc est negoti?
id. Ad. 4, 5, 71; cf. id. Eun. 3, 4, 6:hoc fructi pro labore ab his fero,
id. Ad. 5, 4, 16:edormiscam hoc villi,
id. ib. 5, 2, 11:hoc commodi est, quod, etc.,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 32, 91:hoc copiarum in Hispanias portatum est,
Liv. 42, 18, 7:hoc servitutis injunxisse, ut, etc.,
id. 5, 2, 8:hoc intervalli datum res tranquillas in urbe fecit,
id. 3, 25, 4:hoc consilii,
id. 5, 39, 6:hoc solacii,
id. 30, 13, 13:hoc noctis,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 2; 11; 136.—Hoc with verbs impers., pleonast. as a subject (ante-class.):G.eamus, Amphitruo: lucescit hoc jam,
there is daybreak, Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 45: luciscit hoc jam, [p. 853] Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 1:lucet hoc,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 63; cf. id. Curc. 1, 3, 26.—Pregn. (qs. pointing to something with the finger), this, this... here (ante-class. and poet.); most freq. of the speaker himself, like the Gr. hode, for ego:H.hic homost omnium hominum praecipuos,
Plaut. Trin. 5, 1, 1:hic si quid nobis forte adversi evenerit, tibi erunt parata verba, huic homini verbera,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 115; so,huic homini, i. q. mihi,
Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 38:hic homo, i. q. ego,
id. Curc. 2, 1, 33:hunc hominem, i. q. me,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 1; Hor. S. 1, 9, 47; cf.:vin' tu huic seni auscultare?
Ter. Ad. 5, 7, 8; id. And. 2, 1, 10; Tib. 2, 6, 7:haec res,
my property, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 106:hunc in collum,
my neck, id. Pers. 4, 6, 9 Brix (Ritschl, huc): ni haec praesensisset canes, this dog, = ego, id. Trin. 1, 2, 135 Brix ad loc.—In neutr. absol.: tu quod te posterius purges hanc injuriam mihi nolle Factam esse, hujus non faciam, not so much, i. e. not the least, Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 9.—With reference to time, of this time, now present, actual, this:II.cena hac annona est sine sacris hereditas,
in the present scarcity, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 83:sed nondum haec, quae nunc tenet saeculum, neglegentia deum venerat,
Liv. 3, 20:his temporibus,
Cic. Fam. 13, 77, 1:M. Cato, hujus nostri Catonis pater,
id. Off. 3, 16, 66; cf.:si potius ad antiquorum diligentiam, quam ad horum luxuriam dirigas aedificationem,
Varr. R. R. 1, 13, 6 sq.:etenim qui haec vituperare volunt, Chrysogonum tantum posse queruntur,
the present times, Cic. Rosc. Am. 48, 138:ne horum quidem magnificentia operum,
Liv. 1, 55 fin.;very rarely of time just ended: ante hos annos quadraginta,
Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 143:ante hos sex menses,
Phaedr. 1, 1, 10:ante hoc triduum,
Front. Ep. ad M. Caes. 2, 5 init.; Aug. Serm. 270, 3.Very freq. referring to a thought that follows, and which may be expressed by a relative sentence, or by a sentence denoting the object, cause, or effect; with qui, quae, quod, an acc. and inf., quod, ut, ne, etc. (more clearly indicative than the determinative, is, ea, id; though freq. confounded with it in MSS. and editt.).(α).With relat. clause:(β).Qui hodie fuerim liber, eum nunc potivit pater Servitutis: hic, qui verna natust, conqueritur,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 24; cf.:eos, qui, etc.... his, qui, etc.... longe duco esse anteponendos,
Cic. Rep. 1, 2:neque his contentus sum, quae de ista consultatione scripta nobis summi ex Graecia homines reliquerunt, neque ea, quae mihi videntur, anteferre illis audeo,
id. ib. 1, 22:non est tibi his solis utendum existimationibus ac judiciis, qui nunc sunt, hominum, sed iis etiam, qui futuri sunt,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 15, § 43:quis hic est homo, quem ante aedis video hoc noctis?
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 136:unde in laboribus et periculis fortitudo? nempe ab his, qui, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 2; 1, 17:haec quae sunt in hoc genere,
id. ib. 1, 11:mundus hic totus, quod domicilium di nobis dederunt,
id. ib. 1, 13:hoc autem sphaerae genus, in quo, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 14;1, 16: in his libris, quos legistis,
id. Leg. 1, 9, 27; cf. id. Div. 1, 3, 5:quam quisque norit artem, in hac se exerceat,
id. Tusc. 1, 18, 41 et saep.:lepide ipsi hi sunt capti, suis qui filiis fecere insidias,
Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 90; cf. Cic. Tusc. 2, 1, 3; id. N. D. 1, 40, 113:servi, qui, cum culpa carint, tamen malum Metuont, hi solent esse eris utibiles,
Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 2 sq.; cf. Cic. Rep. 1, 19:de Bruti amore etsi mihi nihil novi adfers: tamen hoc audio libentius, quo saepius,
id. Att. 13, 36 fin.; cf.:is porro, quo generosior celsiorque est, hoc majoribus velut organis commovetur,
Quint. 1, 2, 30:hoc primum videamus, quidnam sit, de altero sole quod nuntiatum est in senatu, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 10; 1, 24:mire tractat hoc Cicero pro Milone quae facturus fuerit Clodius, si praeturam invasisset,
Quint. 9, 2, 41.—With acc. and inf.:(γ).erat tunc haec nova et ignota ratio, solem lunae oppositum solere deficere,
Cic. Rep. 1, 16:sed hoc vir excellenti providentia sensit ac vidit, non esse opportunissimos situs maritimos urbibus iis, quae, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 3:hoc tantum admiror, Flavum, etc.,
Quint. 7, 4, 40; 11, 1, 22:unum hoc definio, tantam esse necessitatem virtutis, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 1: hoc simul accipe dictum: Quorum..., Eorundem libertati me parcere certum est, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 204 Vahl.); cf.with appositive clause: sic hoc proloquar: Principio, ut illo advenimus, Continuo Amphitruo delegit viros, etc.,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 48:ut hoc: Non debes alienam uxorem optare,
Quint. 7, 1, 25; cf. id. 9, 4, 97; 9, 2, 32.—With quod or quia:(δ).maxime hoc mihi mirum videri solet, quod, qui tranquillo mari gubernare se negent posse, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 6:quaesierat ex me Scipio, quidnam sentirem de hoc, quod duo soles visos esse constaret,
id. ib. 1, 13; Quint. 9, 1, 1:propter hoc ipsum ostendenda non sunt, quod apparent,
id. 12, 9, 6:nostri primo integris viribus fortiter repugnare... sed hoc superari, quod diuturnitate pugnae, etc.,
in this that, herein that, Caes. B. G. 3, 4, 3; cf. Quint. 8, 3, 30:hoc ipso fidem detrahimus illis, quod sint tam gravia,
id. 9, 2, 53:hoc ipso, quod,
id. 4, 1, 54; 5, 11, 41; 6, 2, 16 et saep.: consilio vestro utar libenter, et hoc libentius, quod, etc., Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 8, C, 1; cf.:id hoc facilius eis persuasit, quod undique loci natura Helvetii continentur,
Caes. B. G. 1, 2, 3:hoc esse miseriorem gravioremque fortunam Sequanorum quam reliquorum, quod soli, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 32, 4; Quint. 5, 7, 22:hoc magis, quod (al. quia) illic ut litigatores loquimur frequentius,
id. 6, 2, 36:hoc sese excruciat animi, Quia leno ademit cistulam ei,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 57:quod hoc etiam mirabilius debet videri, quia, etc.,
Cic. de Or. 1, 3, 12; cf.:hoc sunt exempla potentiora, quia, etc.,
Quint. 10, 1, 15.—With ut or ne:B.nunc hoc me orare a vobis jussit Juppiter, ut conquistores, etc.,
Plaut. Am. prol. 64; cf.:hoc quoque etiam mihi in mandatis dedit, Ut conquistores, etc.,
id. ib. 81:atque hoc evenit In labore atque in dolore, ut mors obrepat interim,
id. Ps. 2, 3, 19:nec enim hoc suscepi, ut, etc.... neque hoc polliceor me facturum, ut, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 24:neque enim hac nos patria lege genuit aut educavit, ut... sed ut, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 4;for which: homines sunt hac lege generati, qui tuerentur, etc.,
id. ib. 6, 15:quare hoc animo in nos esse debebis, ut aetas nostra, etc.,
id. Fam. 2, 1 fin.; id. Off. 3, 5, 22; id. Rep. 1, 12:plurimum in hoc laboris exhausimus, ut ostenderemus, etc.,
Quint. 8 praef. § 6; cf.:habenda fides est vel in hoc, ut, etc.,
id. 11, 2, 51; so,in hoc, ut,
id. 6, 3, 15; 10, 3, 29: hoc erit tibi argumentum semper in promptu situm: Ne quid exspectes amicos, quod tute agere possies, Enn. ap. Gell. 2, 29 fin. (Sat. v. 37 Vahl.); so,in hoc scilicet, ne suspectus his foret,
Vell. 2, 41 fin. —Hoc est serves to annex a more particular explanation of what has been said, that is, that is to say, namely:C.in hac causa dicam de eo prius, quod apud vos plurimum debet valere, hoc est, de voluntate eorum, quibus injuriae factae sunt,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 4, 11:quadriennium, hoc est, ex quo tempore fundus veniit,
id. Caecin. 7, 19; 34, 100:cum honos agebatur amplissimus familiae vestrae, hoc est, consulatus parentis tui,
id. Sull. 17, 49; id. Fam. 5, 12, 8:primum quaero, qua ratione Naevius susceptum negotium non transegerit, hoc est, cur bona non vendiderit,
id. Quint. 24, 76 et saep.—Sarcastically:ut haberet (Clodius) ad praeturam gerendam, hoc est, ad evertendam rem publicam plenum annum,
Cic. Mil. 9, 24:at quam crebro usurpat Et consul et Antonius! Hoc est dicere: Et consul et homo impudicissimus, Et consul et homo nequissimus,
id. Phil. 2, 28, 70.—Hoc est or ĕrat, quod, with the accessory idea of indignation or reproach, is or was it for this that, etc.:III.hoc erat, alma parens, quod me per tela, per ignis Eripis, ut mediis hostem in penetralibus... cernam?
Verg. A. 2, 664; Petr. 93.—Hence,Advv.1.hāc, in this place, on this side, this way, here (class.): nunc Juppiter hac stat, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 263 Vahl.); imitated by Verg. A. 12, 565: Ar. Hac quidem non venit. Le. Angiporto Illac per hortum circuit clam, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 151:2. I.nunc hac An illac eam, incerta sum consili,
id. Rud. 1, 3, 30:plenus rimarum sum: hac atque illac perfluo,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 25; cf.:hac illac circumcursa,
id. Heaut. 3, 2, 1; and: mox hac atque illa rapti, Tac. Agr. 28:sequere hac, reducam te ubi fuisti,
this way, hither, Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 106; id. As. 4, 2, 1; id. Men. 4, 1, 4; id. Poen. 1, 2, 116; id. Rud. 1, 2, 94; cf.:sequere hac me intus ad Glycerium nunc,
Ter. And. 5, 6, 14:sequere me ergo hac intro,
id. Ad. 4, 3, 18:i hac mecum intro,
Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 56; 62; Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 35 sq.:quin igitur ad illa spatia nostra pergimus?... Nos vero: et hac quidem adire si placet, per ripam et umbram,
Cic. Leg. 1, 4, 14:ab oppido declivis locus tenui fastigio vergebat. Hac nostris erat receptus,
Caes. B. C. 1, 45, 5; 2, 2, 3.—Hac-hac, for hac-illac ( poet.):namque videbat, uti bellantes Pergama circum Hac fugerent Grai, Hac Phryges,
Verg. A. 1, 467 sq.; Prop. 1, 3, 13; rarely in full form with the interrog. particle ne:utrum hacin feriam an ab laeva latus?
Plaut. Cist. 3, 10 (cf. Ladewig, Anal. Scaen. p. 22). —In space.A.Lit.:B.hos quos videtis stare hic captivos duos, etc.... Senex qui hic habitat, etc.,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 1 sq.:ego jam dudum hic adsum,
Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 5:quem praestolare hic ante ostium?
id. ib. 5, 6, 5:hic propter hunc adsiste,
id. Ad. 2, 1, 15:hic tui omnes valent,
Cic. Fam. 6, 20, 3:non modo hic, ubi, etc... sed, ubicumque, etc.,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 55, § 143:mons ibi arduus Nomine Parnasus... hic ubi Deucalion... parva rate vectus adhaesit,
Ov. M. 1, 319:hic (sc. Carthagine) illius (Junonis) arma, Hic currus fuit,
Verg. A. 1, 16 et saep.: Pa. Philocomasium hicine etiam nunc est? Pe Quom exibam, hic erat, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 25; cf.: Ch. Ubi ego sum? hicine an apud mortuos? Eut. Neque apud mortuos neque hic es, id. Merc. 3, 4, 17:hicine,
id. Cist. 1, 1, 21; 4, 2, 80; Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 29 al.: Da. Cedo fenus, redde fenus, fenus reddite, etc.... Tr. Fenus illic, fenus hic, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 76:facile hic plus mali est, quam illic boni,
Ter. And. 4, 3, 5; cf. id. Hec. 2, 1, 20:hic segetes, illic veniunt felicius uvae,
Verg. G. 1, 54:hic, illic, ubi mors deprenderat, exhalantes,
Ov. M. 7, 581 (cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 519).—With gen.:hic proxume viciniae,
in this neighborhood, Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 2:modo vidi virginem hic viciniae miseram,
Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 45.—With ne: hicine libertatem aiunt aequam esse omnibus? is it here that, etc., Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 29 (cf. hic, I. B. fin.).—Transf., in this affair, on this occasion, in this particular, herein, here:II.hic, quantum in bello fortuna possit, cognosci potuit,
Caes. B. G. 6, 35, 2; Cic. Verr. 1, 16, 49:hic tu tabulas desideras Heracliensium publicas,
id. Arch. 4, 8; cf.:hic vos dubitabitis, judices,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 44, § 109:hic miramur, hunc hominem tantum excellere ceteris? etc.,
id. de Imp. Pomp. 13, 39:hic jam plura non dicam,
id. ib. 9, 24; id. Planc. 41, 99; id. Verr. 2, 1, 26, § 66 (cf. II. fin. infra):hic, ubi opus est, non verentur: illic, ubi nihil opus est, ibi verentur,
Ter. And. 4, 1, 14:ut cum hic tibi satisfecerimus, istic quoque nostram in te benevolentiam navare possimus,
Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 3.—Referring to the noun whose position in the sentence is the most remote (cf. I. D. 2.):alterius ducis causa melior videbatur, alterius erat firmior: hic omnia speciosa, illic valentia,
Vell. 2, 49, 3.—Of time, i. q. nunc or tum, now, here; then, hereupon, at this time, at this juncture:3.hic reddes omnia,
Ter. And. 2, 3, 15:hic ego quid praedicem?
Cic. Sest. 5, 12; id. Cat. 1, 10, 26:hic cum uterque me intueretur,
id. Fin. 2, 1, 1; so,hic cum,
id. Tusc. 5, 20, 60; Nep. Milt. 3, 3:hic tum Fabricius frequentes eos ad me domum adduxit,
Cic. Clu. 17, 49; so, hic tum, id. ib 20, 56; 27, 73; id. Verr. 2, 1, 26 §66 al.: hic regina gravem poposcit pateram,
Verg. A. 1, 728.—So very freq. to introduce the beginning of a speech: hic Laelius (inquit); hic Philus;hic Scipio, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 13, 23; 24 sq.; id. Fam. 1, 9, 10; 3, 8, 3; 5, 15, 4; id. Ac. 2, 4, 10; id. de Or. 2, 50, 202; Verg. A. 9, 246 et saep.— -
19 hic
hīc, haec, hoc ( gen. hujus, monosyl., Plaut. Am. prol. 51; 96; 1, 1, 115; dat. huic, Sidon. Carm. 7, 145; Avien. Descr. Orb. 22; dat. sing. fem. hae rei, Cato, R. R. 14, 3; acc. HONC for hunc, C. I. L. 1, 32; nom. plur. hic, Enn. ap. Philarg. ad Verg. G. 4, 230 = Ann. v. 414 Vahl.; Varr. L. L. 6, § 73 Mull.; fem. haec, v. infra, B. init.; dat. and abl. hibus, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 20; cf. Varr. L. L. 8, § 78 Mull.; v. Neue, Formenl. 2, p. 203 sqq.), pron. demonstr. [from the pronom. root i (whence also comes is), with the demonstr. suffix ce ] points to something near or present, or which is conceived of as present, this.(α).With subst.:(β).hic homo sanus non est,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 246:rapidus fluvius est hic, non hac temere transiri potest... apud hunc fluvium, etc.,
id. Bacch. 1, 1, 53:quid praeclarum putet in rebus humanis, qui haec deorum regna perspexerit? etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 17:genus hoc,
id. ib. 1, 25:hoc avunculo, atque in hac tam clara re publica natus,
id. ib. 1, 19; cf.:quorum singuli saluti huic civitati fuerunt, et qui sunt procul ab aetatis hujus memoria,
id. ib. 1, 1:his libris,
id. ib. 1, 7:hae feriae,
id. ib. 1, 9; 1, 20; cf.:hoc otio,
id. ib. 9 fin.:haec caelestia vel studiosissime solet quaerere,
id. ib. 1, 10:ad haec cituma,
id. ib. 1, 21:hic vir,
Liv. 7, 39, 12.—Absol. (cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 520):B.hic insidiantes vigilant, Enn. l. l.: hi domum me ad se auferent,
Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 94: non mihi videtur, quod hi venerunt, alius nobis sermo esse quaerendus, sed agendum accuratius, et dicendum dignum aliquid horum auribus, Cic. Rep. 1, 13:feceris (ut etiam pro his dicam) nobis gratum omnibus,
id. ib. 1, 21 fin.:hoc ubi Amphitruo erus conspicatus est, etc.,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 87:docere hoc poterat ille homines paene agrestes, et apud imperitos audebat haec dicere,
Cic. Rep. 1, 15:dixerat hoc ille, cum, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 12:haec Scipio cum dixisset,
id. ib. 1, 11:haec plurimis a me verbis dicta sunt, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 7.—More emphatic, in the original full form, hīce, haece, hōce (not, as formerly written, hicce, haecce, hocce; in gen. sing. HVIVSQVE; in nom. plur. hisce, like ieis = ei, and ques = qui, see below; and apocopated in nom. plur. fem. haec for haece, and in gen. plur. horunc, harunc, for horunce, harunce);C.and, with the interrogative particle, hicine, haecine, hocine (mostly ante - class.): hoce haud dubium est quin, etc.,
Ter. And. 2, 3, 17:eum hinc profugiens vendidit in Alide Patri hujusce,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 10; so,hujusce,
id. Poen. prol. 120; 5, 4, 76; 87; cf.:atque hujusce rei judicium jam continuo video futurum,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 47:hisce homines ubi habitent,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 36; v. Ritschl ad h. l.; so,hisce,
id. Ps. 1, 5, 125; id. Capt. prol. 35 Fleck.; id. Rud. 2, 1, 5 ib., and perh. also id. Mil. 4, 8, 24 (Ritschl, hice): hice, Att. ap. Non. 15, 29 (Trag. Rel. v. 122 Rib.); Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 38:haec aedes,
Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 53; 3, 1, 117; so,haec sunt atque aliae multae in magnis dotibus Incommoditates,
id. Aul. 3, 5, 58:haec (puellae),
Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 34:haec sententiae,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 11, 22; 3, 34, 84; Lucr. 3, 601; Verg. G. 3, 305; cf. Bentl. Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 24:aliut posticum harunce aedium,
Plaut. Stich. 3, 1, 41; cf.:harunc aedium,
id. Most. 2, 1, 57:sine opera tua nihil di horunc facere possunt,
id. Cist. 1, 1, 53:horunc,
id. Poen. 3, 1, 48; Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 97; id. Phorm. 3, 2, 33:cedo signum, si harunc Baccharum es,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 25:harunc aedium,
id. Merc. 5, 1, 3:hisce ego Placidum ted hodie reddam,
id. Curc. 5, 3, 48; cf.:quid dicam hisce, incertus sum,
Ter. Hec. 3, 4, 36:tu ab hisce rebus animum avoca,
Sulp. in Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 5; so,hisce,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 7, 13; id. Most. 1, 3, 81; 1, 4, 23; 2, 2, 71; 4, 2, 35 et saep.: Thr. Tu hosce instrue. Gn Illuc est sapere! ut hosce instruxit, Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 11; so,hosce,
id. ib. 1, 2, 71; id. Heaut. 3, 2, 3; 4, 5, 4; id. Ad. 5, 7, 5; id. Phorm. 4, 3, 4:apud hasce aedes,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 194; so,hasce,
id. As. 2, 3, 1; id. Aul. 2, 4, 2; 2, 8, 15; id. Capt. 4, 2, 51; id. Bacch. 4, 6, 17 et saep.—With the interrog. particle: hicin' Achilles est?
Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 61; so,hicinest?
id. Pers. 5, 2, 49; cf.:hicine vir patriae natus usquam nisi in patria morietur?
Cic. Mil. 38, 104 et saep.:haecine,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 206; id. Ep. 4, 2, 5; 5, 1, 15; id. Pers. 4, 3, 75; Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 5; id. Phorm. 5, 8, 24:huncine hominem,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 68; cf.:huncine hominem! hancine impudentiam! judices, hanc audaciam!
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 25, § 62:hocine hic pacto potest Inhibere imperium magister?
Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 43:o Juppiter, hoscine mores!
Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 40:hacine victoria sola aut hac praeda contenti estis futuri,
Liv. 10, 17, 5; Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 3;so in the shorter form, hicne,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 48, 141:ex hocne equo,
id. Fat. 3, 5:cum hocne,
id. Att. 9, 7, 3:ex hacne natura,
id. Tusc. 1, 25, 62: haece locutus, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4 (Ann. v. 239 Vahl.) al.—So, Fortuna hujusce diei, as a particular deity, Cic. Leg. 2, 11, 28; Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 54;in inscrr. also written HVIVSQVE DIEI,
Inscr. Orell. 5; cf.:HVIVSQ. LOCI,
id. ib. 1580; 2300;and HOIVSQVE AEDIS ERGO,
id. ib. 2488.—With other pronouns:D.hos eosdem motus perturbationes dixerimus,
Cic. Tusc. 3, 4, 7; cf.:cum idem hoc visum diceretur,
id. Rep. 1, 14:hoc idem fit in reliquis civitatibus,
Caes. B. G. 7, 15, 2; id. B. C. 1, 74, 5; Quint. 8, 4, 17:haec eadem centurionibus tribunisque militum mandabant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 17 fin.:haec eadem genera,
Quint. 6, 3, 54:hoc ipsum civile jus,
Cic. Rep. 1, 2:sed hoc ipsum ex superiore pendet quaestione,
Quint. 2, 1, 8; 8, 3, 45:ad hunc eum ipsum,
Cic. Ac. 1, 1, 2 Goer. N. cr.; cf.:idem hoc ipsum,
id. Tusc. 5, 9, 26:huic illi legato,
id. Fl. 22, 52:hunc illum fatis Portendi generum,
Verg. A. 7, 255; cf.:hic est enim ille vultus semper idem, quem, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 3, 15, 31:hic est ille status quantitatis,
Quint. 7, 4, 15: haec est illa, quae deinôsis vocatur, id. 6, 2, 24:hujus istius facti stultitia,
Cic. Rab. Post. 9, 24:ista haec epigrammata,
Sid. Ep. 2, 10: hunc talem virum, Cic. fil. ap. Cic. Fam. 16, 21, 3:callidum quendam hunc,
Cic. de Or. 1, 50, 218.—Opp. to ille, iste, less freq. to hic, alter, alius, etc., this, the latter, to indicate the nearer object (which is to be determined not so much by the phraseology as by the thought; so that hic may refer to that noun whose position in the sentence is the more remote, but which is the most closely connected with the speaker, and of the most importance to him, in which case it is to be rendered by that, the former, etc.):2.ejusdem esse, qui in illa re peccarit, hoc quoque admisisse,
Cic. Inv. 2, 16, 50:in his undis et tempestatibus ad summam senectutem maluit jactari, quam in illa tranquillitate atque otio jucundissime vivere,
id. Rep. 1, 1:si deerunt haec remedia, ad illa declinandum est,
Quint. 7, 2, 30:cum hic testamento, ille proximitate nitatur,
id. 3, 6, 95:in his judicem sibi, in illis alii credere,
id. 5, 7, 33:haec pars perorationis accusatori patronoque ex aequo communis est. Affectibus quoque iisdem fere utuntur: sed varius hic, ille saepius ac magis,
id. 6, 1, 8; cf. id. 6, 2, 12; 17:cum tu ista caelestia de Scipione quaesieris, ego autem haec, quae videntur ante oculos, esse magis putem quaerenda,
Cic. Rep. 1, 19; id. Fam. 2, 11, 1:iisdem enim hic sapiens, de quo loquor, oculis, quibus iste vester, caelum, terram, mare intuebitur,
id. Ac. 2, 33, 105:si hoc loco scripsisset, isto verbo usus non esset, non isto loco verbum istud collocasset,
id. Inv. 2, 41, 121:has igitur tot sententias ut omittamus, haec nunc videamus, quae diu multumque defensa sunt,
id. Ac. 2, 42, 130:Caesar facile diceret: Hic versus Plauti non est, hic est,
this... that, id. Fam. 9, 16, 4:ego hoc dico. adversarius hoc,
Quint. 4, 4, 8:vendidit hic auro patriam... Hic thalamum invasit natae,
Verg. A. 6, 621 sq.:hi molium objectus, hi proximas scaphas scandere,
Tac. A. 14, 8:quid responsuri sint adversarii his et his... cum sciret haec et haec,
Quint. 6, 1, 3 sq.:interim quaeritur: hoc an hoc? furtum an sacrilegium?
id. 7, 3, 9:alter (Roscius) plurimarum palmarum vetus ac nobilis gladiator habetur, hic autem nuper se ad eum lanistam contulit,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 6, 17:occupat hic collem, cymba sedet alter adunca,
Ov. M. 1, 293.—Referring to that which in the speaker's mind is the nearer object, although by the position of the words it is the more remote: quam ob rem cave Catoni anteponas ne istum quidem ipsum, quem Apollo sapientissimum judicavit (i. e. Socratem): Hujus enim (i. e. Catonis, of the former) facta, illius (i. e. Socratis) dicta laudantur, Cic. Lael. 2, 10; id. Rosc. Com. 2, 7:E.hanc posteriorem (artem) et Stoici et Peripatetici, priorem autem illi (i. e. Peripatetici) egregie tradiderunt, hi (i. e. Stoici) ne attigerunt quidem,
id. Fin. 4, 4, 10:hoc Cicero atque Asinius certatim sunt usi: pro Scauro hic, ille pro filio,
Quint. 6, 1, 21; 3, 10, 1:melior tutiorque est certa pax quam sperata victoria: haec in tua, illa in deorum manu est,
the former... the latter, Liv. 30, 30, 19:quocumque aspicio, nihil est, nisi pontus et aer: Fluctibus hic tumidus, nubibus ille minax,
Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 24; id. M. 1, 697.—In the neutr. sing. subst., with gen.:F.quid hoc hominist?
Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 26; cf. Ter. Eun. 3, 4, 8:quid hoc morbi est?
id. ib. 2, 1, 19:quid hoc est negoti?
id. Ad. 4, 5, 71; cf. id. Eun. 3, 4, 6:hoc fructi pro labore ab his fero,
id. Ad. 5, 4, 16:edormiscam hoc villi,
id. ib. 5, 2, 11:hoc commodi est, quod, etc.,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 32, 91:hoc copiarum in Hispanias portatum est,
Liv. 42, 18, 7:hoc servitutis injunxisse, ut, etc.,
id. 5, 2, 8:hoc intervalli datum res tranquillas in urbe fecit,
id. 3, 25, 4:hoc consilii,
id. 5, 39, 6:hoc solacii,
id. 30, 13, 13:hoc noctis,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 2; 11; 136.—Hoc with verbs impers., pleonast. as a subject (ante-class.):G.eamus, Amphitruo: lucescit hoc jam,
there is daybreak, Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 45: luciscit hoc jam, [p. 853] Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 1:lucet hoc,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 63; cf. id. Curc. 1, 3, 26.—Pregn. (qs. pointing to something with the finger), this, this... here (ante-class. and poet.); most freq. of the speaker himself, like the Gr. hode, for ego:H.hic homost omnium hominum praecipuos,
Plaut. Trin. 5, 1, 1:hic si quid nobis forte adversi evenerit, tibi erunt parata verba, huic homini verbera,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 115; so,huic homini, i. q. mihi,
Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 38:hic homo, i. q. ego,
id. Curc. 2, 1, 33:hunc hominem, i. q. me,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 1; Hor. S. 1, 9, 47; cf.:vin' tu huic seni auscultare?
Ter. Ad. 5, 7, 8; id. And. 2, 1, 10; Tib. 2, 6, 7:haec res,
my property, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 106:hunc in collum,
my neck, id. Pers. 4, 6, 9 Brix (Ritschl, huc): ni haec praesensisset canes, this dog, = ego, id. Trin. 1, 2, 135 Brix ad loc.—In neutr. absol.: tu quod te posterius purges hanc injuriam mihi nolle Factam esse, hujus non faciam, not so much, i. e. not the least, Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 9.—With reference to time, of this time, now present, actual, this:II.cena hac annona est sine sacris hereditas,
in the present scarcity, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 83:sed nondum haec, quae nunc tenet saeculum, neglegentia deum venerat,
Liv. 3, 20:his temporibus,
Cic. Fam. 13, 77, 1:M. Cato, hujus nostri Catonis pater,
id. Off. 3, 16, 66; cf.:si potius ad antiquorum diligentiam, quam ad horum luxuriam dirigas aedificationem,
Varr. R. R. 1, 13, 6 sq.:etenim qui haec vituperare volunt, Chrysogonum tantum posse queruntur,
the present times, Cic. Rosc. Am. 48, 138:ne horum quidem magnificentia operum,
Liv. 1, 55 fin.;very rarely of time just ended: ante hos annos quadraginta,
Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 143:ante hos sex menses,
Phaedr. 1, 1, 10:ante hoc triduum,
Front. Ep. ad M. Caes. 2, 5 init.; Aug. Serm. 270, 3.Very freq. referring to a thought that follows, and which may be expressed by a relative sentence, or by a sentence denoting the object, cause, or effect; with qui, quae, quod, an acc. and inf., quod, ut, ne, etc. (more clearly indicative than the determinative, is, ea, id; though freq. confounded with it in MSS. and editt.).(α).With relat. clause:(β).Qui hodie fuerim liber, eum nunc potivit pater Servitutis: hic, qui verna natust, conqueritur,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 24; cf.:eos, qui, etc.... his, qui, etc.... longe duco esse anteponendos,
Cic. Rep. 1, 2:neque his contentus sum, quae de ista consultatione scripta nobis summi ex Graecia homines reliquerunt, neque ea, quae mihi videntur, anteferre illis audeo,
id. ib. 1, 22:non est tibi his solis utendum existimationibus ac judiciis, qui nunc sunt, hominum, sed iis etiam, qui futuri sunt,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 15, § 43:quis hic est homo, quem ante aedis video hoc noctis?
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 136:unde in laboribus et periculis fortitudo? nempe ab his, qui, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 2; 1, 17:haec quae sunt in hoc genere,
id. ib. 1, 11:mundus hic totus, quod domicilium di nobis dederunt,
id. ib. 1, 13:hoc autem sphaerae genus, in quo, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 14;1, 16: in his libris, quos legistis,
id. Leg. 1, 9, 27; cf. id. Div. 1, 3, 5:quam quisque norit artem, in hac se exerceat,
id. Tusc. 1, 18, 41 et saep.:lepide ipsi hi sunt capti, suis qui filiis fecere insidias,
Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 90; cf. Cic. Tusc. 2, 1, 3; id. N. D. 1, 40, 113:servi, qui, cum culpa carint, tamen malum Metuont, hi solent esse eris utibiles,
Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 2 sq.; cf. Cic. Rep. 1, 19:de Bruti amore etsi mihi nihil novi adfers: tamen hoc audio libentius, quo saepius,
id. Att. 13, 36 fin.; cf.:is porro, quo generosior celsiorque est, hoc majoribus velut organis commovetur,
Quint. 1, 2, 30:hoc primum videamus, quidnam sit, de altero sole quod nuntiatum est in senatu, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 10; 1, 24:mire tractat hoc Cicero pro Milone quae facturus fuerit Clodius, si praeturam invasisset,
Quint. 9, 2, 41.—With acc. and inf.:(γ).erat tunc haec nova et ignota ratio, solem lunae oppositum solere deficere,
Cic. Rep. 1, 16:sed hoc vir excellenti providentia sensit ac vidit, non esse opportunissimos situs maritimos urbibus iis, quae, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 3:hoc tantum admiror, Flavum, etc.,
Quint. 7, 4, 40; 11, 1, 22:unum hoc definio, tantam esse necessitatem virtutis, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 1: hoc simul accipe dictum: Quorum..., Eorundem libertati me parcere certum est, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 204 Vahl.); cf.with appositive clause: sic hoc proloquar: Principio, ut illo advenimus, Continuo Amphitruo delegit viros, etc.,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 48:ut hoc: Non debes alienam uxorem optare,
Quint. 7, 1, 25; cf. id. 9, 4, 97; 9, 2, 32.—With quod or quia:(δ).maxime hoc mihi mirum videri solet, quod, qui tranquillo mari gubernare se negent posse, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 6:quaesierat ex me Scipio, quidnam sentirem de hoc, quod duo soles visos esse constaret,
id. ib. 1, 13; Quint. 9, 1, 1:propter hoc ipsum ostendenda non sunt, quod apparent,
id. 12, 9, 6:nostri primo integris viribus fortiter repugnare... sed hoc superari, quod diuturnitate pugnae, etc.,
in this that, herein that, Caes. B. G. 3, 4, 3; cf. Quint. 8, 3, 30:hoc ipso fidem detrahimus illis, quod sint tam gravia,
id. 9, 2, 53:hoc ipso, quod,
id. 4, 1, 54; 5, 11, 41; 6, 2, 16 et saep.: consilio vestro utar libenter, et hoc libentius, quod, etc., Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 8, C, 1; cf.:id hoc facilius eis persuasit, quod undique loci natura Helvetii continentur,
Caes. B. G. 1, 2, 3:hoc esse miseriorem gravioremque fortunam Sequanorum quam reliquorum, quod soli, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 32, 4; Quint. 5, 7, 22:hoc magis, quod (al. quia) illic ut litigatores loquimur frequentius,
id. 6, 2, 36:hoc sese excruciat animi, Quia leno ademit cistulam ei,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 57:quod hoc etiam mirabilius debet videri, quia, etc.,
Cic. de Or. 1, 3, 12; cf.:hoc sunt exempla potentiora, quia, etc.,
Quint. 10, 1, 15.—With ut or ne:B.nunc hoc me orare a vobis jussit Juppiter, ut conquistores, etc.,
Plaut. Am. prol. 64; cf.:hoc quoque etiam mihi in mandatis dedit, Ut conquistores, etc.,
id. ib. 81:atque hoc evenit In labore atque in dolore, ut mors obrepat interim,
id. Ps. 2, 3, 19:nec enim hoc suscepi, ut, etc.... neque hoc polliceor me facturum, ut, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 24:neque enim hac nos patria lege genuit aut educavit, ut... sed ut, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 4;for which: homines sunt hac lege generati, qui tuerentur, etc.,
id. ib. 6, 15:quare hoc animo in nos esse debebis, ut aetas nostra, etc.,
id. Fam. 2, 1 fin.; id. Off. 3, 5, 22; id. Rep. 1, 12:plurimum in hoc laboris exhausimus, ut ostenderemus, etc.,
Quint. 8 praef. § 6; cf.:habenda fides est vel in hoc, ut, etc.,
id. 11, 2, 51; so,in hoc, ut,
id. 6, 3, 15; 10, 3, 29: hoc erit tibi argumentum semper in promptu situm: Ne quid exspectes amicos, quod tute agere possies, Enn. ap. Gell. 2, 29 fin. (Sat. v. 37 Vahl.); so,in hoc scilicet, ne suspectus his foret,
Vell. 2, 41 fin. —Hoc est serves to annex a more particular explanation of what has been said, that is, that is to say, namely:C.in hac causa dicam de eo prius, quod apud vos plurimum debet valere, hoc est, de voluntate eorum, quibus injuriae factae sunt,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 4, 11:quadriennium, hoc est, ex quo tempore fundus veniit,
id. Caecin. 7, 19; 34, 100:cum honos agebatur amplissimus familiae vestrae, hoc est, consulatus parentis tui,
id. Sull. 17, 49; id. Fam. 5, 12, 8:primum quaero, qua ratione Naevius susceptum negotium non transegerit, hoc est, cur bona non vendiderit,
id. Quint. 24, 76 et saep.—Sarcastically:ut haberet (Clodius) ad praeturam gerendam, hoc est, ad evertendam rem publicam plenum annum,
Cic. Mil. 9, 24:at quam crebro usurpat Et consul et Antonius! Hoc est dicere: Et consul et homo impudicissimus, Et consul et homo nequissimus,
id. Phil. 2, 28, 70.—Hoc est or ĕrat, quod, with the accessory idea of indignation or reproach, is or was it for this that, etc.:III.hoc erat, alma parens, quod me per tela, per ignis Eripis, ut mediis hostem in penetralibus... cernam?
Verg. A. 2, 664; Petr. 93.—Hence,Advv.1.hāc, in this place, on this side, this way, here (class.): nunc Juppiter hac stat, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 263 Vahl.); imitated by Verg. A. 12, 565: Ar. Hac quidem non venit. Le. Angiporto Illac per hortum circuit clam, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 151:2. I.nunc hac An illac eam, incerta sum consili,
id. Rud. 1, 3, 30:plenus rimarum sum: hac atque illac perfluo,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 25; cf.:hac illac circumcursa,
id. Heaut. 3, 2, 1; and: mox hac atque illa rapti, Tac. Agr. 28:sequere hac, reducam te ubi fuisti,
this way, hither, Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 106; id. As. 4, 2, 1; id. Men. 4, 1, 4; id. Poen. 1, 2, 116; id. Rud. 1, 2, 94; cf.:sequere hac me intus ad Glycerium nunc,
Ter. And. 5, 6, 14:sequere me ergo hac intro,
id. Ad. 4, 3, 18:i hac mecum intro,
Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 56; 62; Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 35 sq.:quin igitur ad illa spatia nostra pergimus?... Nos vero: et hac quidem adire si placet, per ripam et umbram,
Cic. Leg. 1, 4, 14:ab oppido declivis locus tenui fastigio vergebat. Hac nostris erat receptus,
Caes. B. C. 1, 45, 5; 2, 2, 3.—Hac-hac, for hac-illac ( poet.):namque videbat, uti bellantes Pergama circum Hac fugerent Grai, Hac Phryges,
Verg. A. 1, 467 sq.; Prop. 1, 3, 13; rarely in full form with the interrog. particle ne:utrum hacin feriam an ab laeva latus?
Plaut. Cist. 3, 10 (cf. Ladewig, Anal. Scaen. p. 22). —In space.A.Lit.:B.hos quos videtis stare hic captivos duos, etc.... Senex qui hic habitat, etc.,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 1 sq.:ego jam dudum hic adsum,
Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 5:quem praestolare hic ante ostium?
id. ib. 5, 6, 5:hic propter hunc adsiste,
id. Ad. 2, 1, 15:hic tui omnes valent,
Cic. Fam. 6, 20, 3:non modo hic, ubi, etc... sed, ubicumque, etc.,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 55, § 143:mons ibi arduus Nomine Parnasus... hic ubi Deucalion... parva rate vectus adhaesit,
Ov. M. 1, 319:hic (sc. Carthagine) illius (Junonis) arma, Hic currus fuit,
Verg. A. 1, 16 et saep.: Pa. Philocomasium hicine etiam nunc est? Pe Quom exibam, hic erat, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 25; cf.: Ch. Ubi ego sum? hicine an apud mortuos? Eut. Neque apud mortuos neque hic es, id. Merc. 3, 4, 17:hicine,
id. Cist. 1, 1, 21; 4, 2, 80; Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 29 al.: Da. Cedo fenus, redde fenus, fenus reddite, etc.... Tr. Fenus illic, fenus hic, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 76:facile hic plus mali est, quam illic boni,
Ter. And. 4, 3, 5; cf. id. Hec. 2, 1, 20:hic segetes, illic veniunt felicius uvae,
Verg. G. 1, 54:hic, illic, ubi mors deprenderat, exhalantes,
Ov. M. 7, 581 (cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 519).—With gen.:hic proxume viciniae,
in this neighborhood, Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 2:modo vidi virginem hic viciniae miseram,
Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 45.—With ne: hicine libertatem aiunt aequam esse omnibus? is it here that, etc., Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 29 (cf. hic, I. B. fin.).—Transf., in this affair, on this occasion, in this particular, herein, here:II.hic, quantum in bello fortuna possit, cognosci potuit,
Caes. B. G. 6, 35, 2; Cic. Verr. 1, 16, 49:hic tu tabulas desideras Heracliensium publicas,
id. Arch. 4, 8; cf.:hic vos dubitabitis, judices,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 44, § 109:hic miramur, hunc hominem tantum excellere ceteris? etc.,
id. de Imp. Pomp. 13, 39:hic jam plura non dicam,
id. ib. 9, 24; id. Planc. 41, 99; id. Verr. 2, 1, 26, § 66 (cf. II. fin. infra):hic, ubi opus est, non verentur: illic, ubi nihil opus est, ibi verentur,
Ter. And. 4, 1, 14:ut cum hic tibi satisfecerimus, istic quoque nostram in te benevolentiam navare possimus,
Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 3.—Referring to the noun whose position in the sentence is the most remote (cf. I. D. 2.):alterius ducis causa melior videbatur, alterius erat firmior: hic omnia speciosa, illic valentia,
Vell. 2, 49, 3.—Of time, i. q. nunc or tum, now, here; then, hereupon, at this time, at this juncture:3.hic reddes omnia,
Ter. And. 2, 3, 15:hic ego quid praedicem?
Cic. Sest. 5, 12; id. Cat. 1, 10, 26:hic cum uterque me intueretur,
id. Fin. 2, 1, 1; so,hic cum,
id. Tusc. 5, 20, 60; Nep. Milt. 3, 3:hic tum Fabricius frequentes eos ad me domum adduxit,
Cic. Clu. 17, 49; so, hic tum, id. ib 20, 56; 27, 73; id. Verr. 2, 1, 26 §66 al.: hic regina gravem poposcit pateram,
Verg. A. 1, 728.—So very freq. to introduce the beginning of a speech: hic Laelius (inquit); hic Philus;hic Scipio, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 13, 23; 24 sq.; id. Fam. 1, 9, 10; 3, 8, 3; 5, 15, 4; id. Ac. 2, 4, 10; id. de Or. 2, 50, 202; Verg. A. 9, 246 et saep.— -
20 Hoc erat quod
hīc, haec, hoc ( gen. hujus, monosyl., Plaut. Am. prol. 51; 96; 1, 1, 115; dat. huic, Sidon. Carm. 7, 145; Avien. Descr. Orb. 22; dat. sing. fem. hae rei, Cato, R. R. 14, 3; acc. HONC for hunc, C. I. L. 1, 32; nom. plur. hic, Enn. ap. Philarg. ad Verg. G. 4, 230 = Ann. v. 414 Vahl.; Varr. L. L. 6, § 73 Mull.; fem. haec, v. infra, B. init.; dat. and abl. hibus, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 20; cf. Varr. L. L. 8, § 78 Mull.; v. Neue, Formenl. 2, p. 203 sqq.), pron. demonstr. [from the pronom. root i (whence also comes is), with the demonstr. suffix ce ] points to something near or present, or which is conceived of as present, this.(α).With subst.:(β).hic homo sanus non est,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 246:rapidus fluvius est hic, non hac temere transiri potest... apud hunc fluvium, etc.,
id. Bacch. 1, 1, 53:quid praeclarum putet in rebus humanis, qui haec deorum regna perspexerit? etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 17:genus hoc,
id. ib. 1, 25:hoc avunculo, atque in hac tam clara re publica natus,
id. ib. 1, 19; cf.:quorum singuli saluti huic civitati fuerunt, et qui sunt procul ab aetatis hujus memoria,
id. ib. 1, 1:his libris,
id. ib. 1, 7:hae feriae,
id. ib. 1, 9; 1, 20; cf.:hoc otio,
id. ib. 9 fin.:haec caelestia vel studiosissime solet quaerere,
id. ib. 1, 10:ad haec cituma,
id. ib. 1, 21:hic vir,
Liv. 7, 39, 12.—Absol. (cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 520):B.hic insidiantes vigilant, Enn. l. l.: hi domum me ad se auferent,
Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 94: non mihi videtur, quod hi venerunt, alius nobis sermo esse quaerendus, sed agendum accuratius, et dicendum dignum aliquid horum auribus, Cic. Rep. 1, 13:feceris (ut etiam pro his dicam) nobis gratum omnibus,
id. ib. 1, 21 fin.:hoc ubi Amphitruo erus conspicatus est, etc.,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 87:docere hoc poterat ille homines paene agrestes, et apud imperitos audebat haec dicere,
Cic. Rep. 1, 15:dixerat hoc ille, cum, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 12:haec Scipio cum dixisset,
id. ib. 1, 11:haec plurimis a me verbis dicta sunt, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 7.—More emphatic, in the original full form, hīce, haece, hōce (not, as formerly written, hicce, haecce, hocce; in gen. sing. HVIVSQVE; in nom. plur. hisce, like ieis = ei, and ques = qui, see below; and apocopated in nom. plur. fem. haec for haece, and in gen. plur. horunc, harunc, for horunce, harunce);C.and, with the interrogative particle, hicine, haecine, hocine (mostly ante - class.): hoce haud dubium est quin, etc.,
Ter. And. 2, 3, 17:eum hinc profugiens vendidit in Alide Patri hujusce,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 10; so,hujusce,
id. Poen. prol. 120; 5, 4, 76; 87; cf.:atque hujusce rei judicium jam continuo video futurum,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 47:hisce homines ubi habitent,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 36; v. Ritschl ad h. l.; so,hisce,
id. Ps. 1, 5, 125; id. Capt. prol. 35 Fleck.; id. Rud. 2, 1, 5 ib., and perh. also id. Mil. 4, 8, 24 (Ritschl, hice): hice, Att. ap. Non. 15, 29 (Trag. Rel. v. 122 Rib.); Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 38:haec aedes,
Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 53; 3, 1, 117; so,haec sunt atque aliae multae in magnis dotibus Incommoditates,
id. Aul. 3, 5, 58:haec (puellae),
Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 34:haec sententiae,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 11, 22; 3, 34, 84; Lucr. 3, 601; Verg. G. 3, 305; cf. Bentl. Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 24:aliut posticum harunce aedium,
Plaut. Stich. 3, 1, 41; cf.:harunc aedium,
id. Most. 2, 1, 57:sine opera tua nihil di horunc facere possunt,
id. Cist. 1, 1, 53:horunc,
id. Poen. 3, 1, 48; Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 97; id. Phorm. 3, 2, 33:cedo signum, si harunc Baccharum es,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 25:harunc aedium,
id. Merc. 5, 1, 3:hisce ego Placidum ted hodie reddam,
id. Curc. 5, 3, 48; cf.:quid dicam hisce, incertus sum,
Ter. Hec. 3, 4, 36:tu ab hisce rebus animum avoca,
Sulp. in Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 5; so,hisce,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 7, 13; id. Most. 1, 3, 81; 1, 4, 23; 2, 2, 71; 4, 2, 35 et saep.: Thr. Tu hosce instrue. Gn Illuc est sapere! ut hosce instruxit, Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 11; so,hosce,
id. ib. 1, 2, 71; id. Heaut. 3, 2, 3; 4, 5, 4; id. Ad. 5, 7, 5; id. Phorm. 4, 3, 4:apud hasce aedes,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 194; so,hasce,
id. As. 2, 3, 1; id. Aul. 2, 4, 2; 2, 8, 15; id. Capt. 4, 2, 51; id. Bacch. 4, 6, 17 et saep.—With the interrog. particle: hicin' Achilles est?
Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 61; so,hicinest?
id. Pers. 5, 2, 49; cf.:hicine vir patriae natus usquam nisi in patria morietur?
Cic. Mil. 38, 104 et saep.:haecine,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 206; id. Ep. 4, 2, 5; 5, 1, 15; id. Pers. 4, 3, 75; Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 5; id. Phorm. 5, 8, 24:huncine hominem,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 68; cf.:huncine hominem! hancine impudentiam! judices, hanc audaciam!
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 25, § 62:hocine hic pacto potest Inhibere imperium magister?
Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 43:o Juppiter, hoscine mores!
Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 40:hacine victoria sola aut hac praeda contenti estis futuri,
Liv. 10, 17, 5; Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 3;so in the shorter form, hicne,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 48, 141:ex hocne equo,
id. Fat. 3, 5:cum hocne,
id. Att. 9, 7, 3:ex hacne natura,
id. Tusc. 1, 25, 62: haece locutus, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4 (Ann. v. 239 Vahl.) al.—So, Fortuna hujusce diei, as a particular deity, Cic. Leg. 2, 11, 28; Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 54;in inscrr. also written HVIVSQVE DIEI,
Inscr. Orell. 5; cf.:HVIVSQ. LOCI,
id. ib. 1580; 2300;and HOIVSQVE AEDIS ERGO,
id. ib. 2488.—With other pronouns:D.hos eosdem motus perturbationes dixerimus,
Cic. Tusc. 3, 4, 7; cf.:cum idem hoc visum diceretur,
id. Rep. 1, 14:hoc idem fit in reliquis civitatibus,
Caes. B. G. 7, 15, 2; id. B. C. 1, 74, 5; Quint. 8, 4, 17:haec eadem centurionibus tribunisque militum mandabant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 17 fin.:haec eadem genera,
Quint. 6, 3, 54:hoc ipsum civile jus,
Cic. Rep. 1, 2:sed hoc ipsum ex superiore pendet quaestione,
Quint. 2, 1, 8; 8, 3, 45:ad hunc eum ipsum,
Cic. Ac. 1, 1, 2 Goer. N. cr.; cf.:idem hoc ipsum,
id. Tusc. 5, 9, 26:huic illi legato,
id. Fl. 22, 52:hunc illum fatis Portendi generum,
Verg. A. 7, 255; cf.:hic est enim ille vultus semper idem, quem, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 3, 15, 31:hic est ille status quantitatis,
Quint. 7, 4, 15: haec est illa, quae deinôsis vocatur, id. 6, 2, 24:hujus istius facti stultitia,
Cic. Rab. Post. 9, 24:ista haec epigrammata,
Sid. Ep. 2, 10: hunc talem virum, Cic. fil. ap. Cic. Fam. 16, 21, 3:callidum quendam hunc,
Cic. de Or. 1, 50, 218.—Opp. to ille, iste, less freq. to hic, alter, alius, etc., this, the latter, to indicate the nearer object (which is to be determined not so much by the phraseology as by the thought; so that hic may refer to that noun whose position in the sentence is the more remote, but which is the most closely connected with the speaker, and of the most importance to him, in which case it is to be rendered by that, the former, etc.):2.ejusdem esse, qui in illa re peccarit, hoc quoque admisisse,
Cic. Inv. 2, 16, 50:in his undis et tempestatibus ad summam senectutem maluit jactari, quam in illa tranquillitate atque otio jucundissime vivere,
id. Rep. 1, 1:si deerunt haec remedia, ad illa declinandum est,
Quint. 7, 2, 30:cum hic testamento, ille proximitate nitatur,
id. 3, 6, 95:in his judicem sibi, in illis alii credere,
id. 5, 7, 33:haec pars perorationis accusatori patronoque ex aequo communis est. Affectibus quoque iisdem fere utuntur: sed varius hic, ille saepius ac magis,
id. 6, 1, 8; cf. id. 6, 2, 12; 17:cum tu ista caelestia de Scipione quaesieris, ego autem haec, quae videntur ante oculos, esse magis putem quaerenda,
Cic. Rep. 1, 19; id. Fam. 2, 11, 1:iisdem enim hic sapiens, de quo loquor, oculis, quibus iste vester, caelum, terram, mare intuebitur,
id. Ac. 2, 33, 105:si hoc loco scripsisset, isto verbo usus non esset, non isto loco verbum istud collocasset,
id. Inv. 2, 41, 121:has igitur tot sententias ut omittamus, haec nunc videamus, quae diu multumque defensa sunt,
id. Ac. 2, 42, 130:Caesar facile diceret: Hic versus Plauti non est, hic est,
this... that, id. Fam. 9, 16, 4:ego hoc dico. adversarius hoc,
Quint. 4, 4, 8:vendidit hic auro patriam... Hic thalamum invasit natae,
Verg. A. 6, 621 sq.:hi molium objectus, hi proximas scaphas scandere,
Tac. A. 14, 8:quid responsuri sint adversarii his et his... cum sciret haec et haec,
Quint. 6, 1, 3 sq.:interim quaeritur: hoc an hoc? furtum an sacrilegium?
id. 7, 3, 9:alter (Roscius) plurimarum palmarum vetus ac nobilis gladiator habetur, hic autem nuper se ad eum lanistam contulit,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 6, 17:occupat hic collem, cymba sedet alter adunca,
Ov. M. 1, 293.—Referring to that which in the speaker's mind is the nearer object, although by the position of the words it is the more remote: quam ob rem cave Catoni anteponas ne istum quidem ipsum, quem Apollo sapientissimum judicavit (i. e. Socratem): Hujus enim (i. e. Catonis, of the former) facta, illius (i. e. Socratis) dicta laudantur, Cic. Lael. 2, 10; id. Rosc. Com. 2, 7:E.hanc posteriorem (artem) et Stoici et Peripatetici, priorem autem illi (i. e. Peripatetici) egregie tradiderunt, hi (i. e. Stoici) ne attigerunt quidem,
id. Fin. 4, 4, 10:hoc Cicero atque Asinius certatim sunt usi: pro Scauro hic, ille pro filio,
Quint. 6, 1, 21; 3, 10, 1:melior tutiorque est certa pax quam sperata victoria: haec in tua, illa in deorum manu est,
the former... the latter, Liv. 30, 30, 19:quocumque aspicio, nihil est, nisi pontus et aer: Fluctibus hic tumidus, nubibus ille minax,
Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 24; id. M. 1, 697.—In the neutr. sing. subst., with gen.:F.quid hoc hominist?
Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 26; cf. Ter. Eun. 3, 4, 8:quid hoc morbi est?
id. ib. 2, 1, 19:quid hoc est negoti?
id. Ad. 4, 5, 71; cf. id. Eun. 3, 4, 6:hoc fructi pro labore ab his fero,
id. Ad. 5, 4, 16:edormiscam hoc villi,
id. ib. 5, 2, 11:hoc commodi est, quod, etc.,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 32, 91:hoc copiarum in Hispanias portatum est,
Liv. 42, 18, 7:hoc servitutis injunxisse, ut, etc.,
id. 5, 2, 8:hoc intervalli datum res tranquillas in urbe fecit,
id. 3, 25, 4:hoc consilii,
id. 5, 39, 6:hoc solacii,
id. 30, 13, 13:hoc noctis,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 2; 11; 136.—Hoc with verbs impers., pleonast. as a subject (ante-class.):G.eamus, Amphitruo: lucescit hoc jam,
there is daybreak, Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 45: luciscit hoc jam, [p. 853] Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 1:lucet hoc,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 63; cf. id. Curc. 1, 3, 26.—Pregn. (qs. pointing to something with the finger), this, this... here (ante-class. and poet.); most freq. of the speaker himself, like the Gr. hode, for ego:H.hic homost omnium hominum praecipuos,
Plaut. Trin. 5, 1, 1:hic si quid nobis forte adversi evenerit, tibi erunt parata verba, huic homini verbera,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 115; so,huic homini, i. q. mihi,
Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 38:hic homo, i. q. ego,
id. Curc. 2, 1, 33:hunc hominem, i. q. me,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 1; Hor. S. 1, 9, 47; cf.:vin' tu huic seni auscultare?
Ter. Ad. 5, 7, 8; id. And. 2, 1, 10; Tib. 2, 6, 7:haec res,
my property, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 106:hunc in collum,
my neck, id. Pers. 4, 6, 9 Brix (Ritschl, huc): ni haec praesensisset canes, this dog, = ego, id. Trin. 1, 2, 135 Brix ad loc.—In neutr. absol.: tu quod te posterius purges hanc injuriam mihi nolle Factam esse, hujus non faciam, not so much, i. e. not the least, Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 9.—With reference to time, of this time, now present, actual, this:II.cena hac annona est sine sacris hereditas,
in the present scarcity, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 83:sed nondum haec, quae nunc tenet saeculum, neglegentia deum venerat,
Liv. 3, 20:his temporibus,
Cic. Fam. 13, 77, 1:M. Cato, hujus nostri Catonis pater,
id. Off. 3, 16, 66; cf.:si potius ad antiquorum diligentiam, quam ad horum luxuriam dirigas aedificationem,
Varr. R. R. 1, 13, 6 sq.:etenim qui haec vituperare volunt, Chrysogonum tantum posse queruntur,
the present times, Cic. Rosc. Am. 48, 138:ne horum quidem magnificentia operum,
Liv. 1, 55 fin.;very rarely of time just ended: ante hos annos quadraginta,
Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 143:ante hos sex menses,
Phaedr. 1, 1, 10:ante hoc triduum,
Front. Ep. ad M. Caes. 2, 5 init.; Aug. Serm. 270, 3.Very freq. referring to a thought that follows, and which may be expressed by a relative sentence, or by a sentence denoting the object, cause, or effect; with qui, quae, quod, an acc. and inf., quod, ut, ne, etc. (more clearly indicative than the determinative, is, ea, id; though freq. confounded with it in MSS. and editt.).(α).With relat. clause:(β).Qui hodie fuerim liber, eum nunc potivit pater Servitutis: hic, qui verna natust, conqueritur,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 24; cf.:eos, qui, etc.... his, qui, etc.... longe duco esse anteponendos,
Cic. Rep. 1, 2:neque his contentus sum, quae de ista consultatione scripta nobis summi ex Graecia homines reliquerunt, neque ea, quae mihi videntur, anteferre illis audeo,
id. ib. 1, 22:non est tibi his solis utendum existimationibus ac judiciis, qui nunc sunt, hominum, sed iis etiam, qui futuri sunt,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 15, § 43:quis hic est homo, quem ante aedis video hoc noctis?
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 136:unde in laboribus et periculis fortitudo? nempe ab his, qui, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 2; 1, 17:haec quae sunt in hoc genere,
id. ib. 1, 11:mundus hic totus, quod domicilium di nobis dederunt,
id. ib. 1, 13:hoc autem sphaerae genus, in quo, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 14;1, 16: in his libris, quos legistis,
id. Leg. 1, 9, 27; cf. id. Div. 1, 3, 5:quam quisque norit artem, in hac se exerceat,
id. Tusc. 1, 18, 41 et saep.:lepide ipsi hi sunt capti, suis qui filiis fecere insidias,
Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 90; cf. Cic. Tusc. 2, 1, 3; id. N. D. 1, 40, 113:servi, qui, cum culpa carint, tamen malum Metuont, hi solent esse eris utibiles,
Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 2 sq.; cf. Cic. Rep. 1, 19:de Bruti amore etsi mihi nihil novi adfers: tamen hoc audio libentius, quo saepius,
id. Att. 13, 36 fin.; cf.:is porro, quo generosior celsiorque est, hoc majoribus velut organis commovetur,
Quint. 1, 2, 30:hoc primum videamus, quidnam sit, de altero sole quod nuntiatum est in senatu, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 10; 1, 24:mire tractat hoc Cicero pro Milone quae facturus fuerit Clodius, si praeturam invasisset,
Quint. 9, 2, 41.—With acc. and inf.:(γ).erat tunc haec nova et ignota ratio, solem lunae oppositum solere deficere,
Cic. Rep. 1, 16:sed hoc vir excellenti providentia sensit ac vidit, non esse opportunissimos situs maritimos urbibus iis, quae, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 3:hoc tantum admiror, Flavum, etc.,
Quint. 7, 4, 40; 11, 1, 22:unum hoc definio, tantam esse necessitatem virtutis, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 1: hoc simul accipe dictum: Quorum..., Eorundem libertati me parcere certum est, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 204 Vahl.); cf.with appositive clause: sic hoc proloquar: Principio, ut illo advenimus, Continuo Amphitruo delegit viros, etc.,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 48:ut hoc: Non debes alienam uxorem optare,
Quint. 7, 1, 25; cf. id. 9, 4, 97; 9, 2, 32.—With quod or quia:(δ).maxime hoc mihi mirum videri solet, quod, qui tranquillo mari gubernare se negent posse, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 6:quaesierat ex me Scipio, quidnam sentirem de hoc, quod duo soles visos esse constaret,
id. ib. 1, 13; Quint. 9, 1, 1:propter hoc ipsum ostendenda non sunt, quod apparent,
id. 12, 9, 6:nostri primo integris viribus fortiter repugnare... sed hoc superari, quod diuturnitate pugnae, etc.,
in this that, herein that, Caes. B. G. 3, 4, 3; cf. Quint. 8, 3, 30:hoc ipso fidem detrahimus illis, quod sint tam gravia,
id. 9, 2, 53:hoc ipso, quod,
id. 4, 1, 54; 5, 11, 41; 6, 2, 16 et saep.: consilio vestro utar libenter, et hoc libentius, quod, etc., Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 8, C, 1; cf.:id hoc facilius eis persuasit, quod undique loci natura Helvetii continentur,
Caes. B. G. 1, 2, 3:hoc esse miseriorem gravioremque fortunam Sequanorum quam reliquorum, quod soli, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 32, 4; Quint. 5, 7, 22:hoc magis, quod (al. quia) illic ut litigatores loquimur frequentius,
id. 6, 2, 36:hoc sese excruciat animi, Quia leno ademit cistulam ei,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 57:quod hoc etiam mirabilius debet videri, quia, etc.,
Cic. de Or. 1, 3, 12; cf.:hoc sunt exempla potentiora, quia, etc.,
Quint. 10, 1, 15.—With ut or ne:B.nunc hoc me orare a vobis jussit Juppiter, ut conquistores, etc.,
Plaut. Am. prol. 64; cf.:hoc quoque etiam mihi in mandatis dedit, Ut conquistores, etc.,
id. ib. 81:atque hoc evenit In labore atque in dolore, ut mors obrepat interim,
id. Ps. 2, 3, 19:nec enim hoc suscepi, ut, etc.... neque hoc polliceor me facturum, ut, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 24:neque enim hac nos patria lege genuit aut educavit, ut... sed ut, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 4;for which: homines sunt hac lege generati, qui tuerentur, etc.,
id. ib. 6, 15:quare hoc animo in nos esse debebis, ut aetas nostra, etc.,
id. Fam. 2, 1 fin.; id. Off. 3, 5, 22; id. Rep. 1, 12:plurimum in hoc laboris exhausimus, ut ostenderemus, etc.,
Quint. 8 praef. § 6; cf.:habenda fides est vel in hoc, ut, etc.,
id. 11, 2, 51; so,in hoc, ut,
id. 6, 3, 15; 10, 3, 29: hoc erit tibi argumentum semper in promptu situm: Ne quid exspectes amicos, quod tute agere possies, Enn. ap. Gell. 2, 29 fin. (Sat. v. 37 Vahl.); so,in hoc scilicet, ne suspectus his foret,
Vell. 2, 41 fin. —Hoc est serves to annex a more particular explanation of what has been said, that is, that is to say, namely:C.in hac causa dicam de eo prius, quod apud vos plurimum debet valere, hoc est, de voluntate eorum, quibus injuriae factae sunt,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 4, 11:quadriennium, hoc est, ex quo tempore fundus veniit,
id. Caecin. 7, 19; 34, 100:cum honos agebatur amplissimus familiae vestrae, hoc est, consulatus parentis tui,
id. Sull. 17, 49; id. Fam. 5, 12, 8:primum quaero, qua ratione Naevius susceptum negotium non transegerit, hoc est, cur bona non vendiderit,
id. Quint. 24, 76 et saep.—Sarcastically:ut haberet (Clodius) ad praeturam gerendam, hoc est, ad evertendam rem publicam plenum annum,
Cic. Mil. 9, 24:at quam crebro usurpat Et consul et Antonius! Hoc est dicere: Et consul et homo impudicissimus, Et consul et homo nequissimus,
id. Phil. 2, 28, 70.—Hoc est or ĕrat, quod, with the accessory idea of indignation or reproach, is or was it for this that, etc.:III.hoc erat, alma parens, quod me per tela, per ignis Eripis, ut mediis hostem in penetralibus... cernam?
Verg. A. 2, 664; Petr. 93.—Hence,Advv.1.hāc, in this place, on this side, this way, here (class.): nunc Juppiter hac stat, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 263 Vahl.); imitated by Verg. A. 12, 565: Ar. Hac quidem non venit. Le. Angiporto Illac per hortum circuit clam, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 151:2. I.nunc hac An illac eam, incerta sum consili,
id. Rud. 1, 3, 30:plenus rimarum sum: hac atque illac perfluo,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 25; cf.:hac illac circumcursa,
id. Heaut. 3, 2, 1; and: mox hac atque illa rapti, Tac. Agr. 28:sequere hac, reducam te ubi fuisti,
this way, hither, Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 106; id. As. 4, 2, 1; id. Men. 4, 1, 4; id. Poen. 1, 2, 116; id. Rud. 1, 2, 94; cf.:sequere hac me intus ad Glycerium nunc,
Ter. And. 5, 6, 14:sequere me ergo hac intro,
id. Ad. 4, 3, 18:i hac mecum intro,
Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 56; 62; Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 35 sq.:quin igitur ad illa spatia nostra pergimus?... Nos vero: et hac quidem adire si placet, per ripam et umbram,
Cic. Leg. 1, 4, 14:ab oppido declivis locus tenui fastigio vergebat. Hac nostris erat receptus,
Caes. B. C. 1, 45, 5; 2, 2, 3.—Hac-hac, for hac-illac ( poet.):namque videbat, uti bellantes Pergama circum Hac fugerent Grai, Hac Phryges,
Verg. A. 1, 467 sq.; Prop. 1, 3, 13; rarely in full form with the interrog. particle ne:utrum hacin feriam an ab laeva latus?
Plaut. Cist. 3, 10 (cf. Ladewig, Anal. Scaen. p. 22). —In space.A.Lit.:B.hos quos videtis stare hic captivos duos, etc.... Senex qui hic habitat, etc.,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 1 sq.:ego jam dudum hic adsum,
Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 5:quem praestolare hic ante ostium?
id. ib. 5, 6, 5:hic propter hunc adsiste,
id. Ad. 2, 1, 15:hic tui omnes valent,
Cic. Fam. 6, 20, 3:non modo hic, ubi, etc... sed, ubicumque, etc.,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 55, § 143:mons ibi arduus Nomine Parnasus... hic ubi Deucalion... parva rate vectus adhaesit,
Ov. M. 1, 319:hic (sc. Carthagine) illius (Junonis) arma, Hic currus fuit,
Verg. A. 1, 16 et saep.: Pa. Philocomasium hicine etiam nunc est? Pe Quom exibam, hic erat, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 25; cf.: Ch. Ubi ego sum? hicine an apud mortuos? Eut. Neque apud mortuos neque hic es, id. Merc. 3, 4, 17:hicine,
id. Cist. 1, 1, 21; 4, 2, 80; Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 29 al.: Da. Cedo fenus, redde fenus, fenus reddite, etc.... Tr. Fenus illic, fenus hic, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 76:facile hic plus mali est, quam illic boni,
Ter. And. 4, 3, 5; cf. id. Hec. 2, 1, 20:hic segetes, illic veniunt felicius uvae,
Verg. G. 1, 54:hic, illic, ubi mors deprenderat, exhalantes,
Ov. M. 7, 581 (cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 519).—With gen.:hic proxume viciniae,
in this neighborhood, Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 2:modo vidi virginem hic viciniae miseram,
Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 45.—With ne: hicine libertatem aiunt aequam esse omnibus? is it here that, etc., Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 29 (cf. hic, I. B. fin.).—Transf., in this affair, on this occasion, in this particular, herein, here:II.hic, quantum in bello fortuna possit, cognosci potuit,
Caes. B. G. 6, 35, 2; Cic. Verr. 1, 16, 49:hic tu tabulas desideras Heracliensium publicas,
id. Arch. 4, 8; cf.:hic vos dubitabitis, judices,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 44, § 109:hic miramur, hunc hominem tantum excellere ceteris? etc.,
id. de Imp. Pomp. 13, 39:hic jam plura non dicam,
id. ib. 9, 24; id. Planc. 41, 99; id. Verr. 2, 1, 26, § 66 (cf. II. fin. infra):hic, ubi opus est, non verentur: illic, ubi nihil opus est, ibi verentur,
Ter. And. 4, 1, 14:ut cum hic tibi satisfecerimus, istic quoque nostram in te benevolentiam navare possimus,
Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 3.—Referring to the noun whose position in the sentence is the most remote (cf. I. D. 2.):alterius ducis causa melior videbatur, alterius erat firmior: hic omnia speciosa, illic valentia,
Vell. 2, 49, 3.—Of time, i. q. nunc or tum, now, here; then, hereupon, at this time, at this juncture:3.hic reddes omnia,
Ter. And. 2, 3, 15:hic ego quid praedicem?
Cic. Sest. 5, 12; id. Cat. 1, 10, 26:hic cum uterque me intueretur,
id. Fin. 2, 1, 1; so,hic cum,
id. Tusc. 5, 20, 60; Nep. Milt. 3, 3:hic tum Fabricius frequentes eos ad me domum adduxit,
Cic. Clu. 17, 49; so, hic tum, id. ib 20, 56; 27, 73; id. Verr. 2, 1, 26 §66 al.: hic regina gravem poposcit pateram,
Verg. A. 1, 728.—So very freq. to introduce the beginning of a speech: hic Laelius (inquit); hic Philus;hic Scipio, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 13, 23; 24 sq.; id. Fam. 1, 9, 10; 3, 8, 3; 5, 15, 4; id. Ac. 2, 4, 10; id. de Or. 2, 50, 202; Verg. A. 9, 246 et saep.—
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